Haplogroup L1

Haplogroup of mitochondrial DNA
Surname	L1
Possible time of origin	107,600 to 174,300 years ago
Possible place of origin	Southern Africa
predecessor	L1-6
successor	L1b, L1c
Mutations	3666, 7055, 7389, 13789, 14178, 14560

The haplogroup L1 is a haplogroup of the mitochondria in human genetics . The haplogroup L1 is found in West and Central Africa south of the Sahara . It seems to be rare in east and southern Africa. The haplogroup has two subgroups L1b and L1C. L1b is most common in West Africa. L1C is more common among the Bantu and semi-Bantu speakers of western Central Africa.

Haplogroup L1 was created with the mitochondrial Eva and haplogroup L0 is an offshoot of it.

L1 branches out into various haplogroups which, with the exception of L3, concentrate on Africa.

The former L1 subgroups (L1d, L1k, L1A, L1f) were reclassified in haplogroup L0 as L0d, L0k, L0a and L0f.

According to the researchers, haplogroup L1 first appeared in Africa about 150,000 to 170,000 years ago.

family tree

This phylogenetic family tree of the subgroups of haplogroup L1 is based on a publication by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser and subsequent scientific research.

Most distant common ancestor (MRCA)
- L1'2'3'4'5'6
  - L1
    - L1b
      - L1b1
        
        L1b1a
        
        L1b1a1
        
        L1b1a2
        L1b1a2a
        
        L1b1a3
        
        L1b1a4
        
        L1b1a5
        
        L1b1b
      - L1b2
    - L1c
      - L1c1'2'4'6
        
        L1c1
        
        L1c1a
        
        L1c1a1
        
        L1c1a1a
        
        L1c1a1a1
        
        L1c1a1a1a
        
        L1c1a1a1b
        L1c1a1a1b1
        
        L1c1a1a2
        
        L1c1a1b
        
        L1c1a2
        
        L1c1a2a
        L1c1a2a1
        
        L1c1a2b
        
        L1c1b
        
        L1c1c'd
        
        L1c1c
        
        L1c1d
        
        L1c2'4
        
        L1c2
        
        L1c2a
        
        L1c2a1
        
        L1c2a1a
        
        L1c2a1b
        
        L1c2a2
        
        L1c2b
        L1c2b1
        L1c2b1a
        
        L1c4
        
        L1c6
      - L1c3
        L1c3a
        
        L1c3a1
        
        L1c3b
        
        L1c3b1
        
        L1c3b1a
        
        L1c3b1b
        
        L1c3b2
        
        L1c3c

Individual evidence

↑ Tishkoff et al., Whole-mtDNA Genome Sequence Analysis of Ancient African Lineages, Mol. Biol. Evol, 24 (3): 757-68. 2007
↑ Mannis van Oven, Manfred Kayser: Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation. In: Human Mutation. 30, 2009, p. E386, PMID 18853457 . doi : 10.1002 / humu.20921 .