Hartwig Ludwig Christian Bacmeister

Hartwig Ludwig Christian Bacmeister ( Russian Логин Иванович Бакмейстер , * 15. March 1730 in Lueders Strand district Herrnburg, † May 22. ^{. Jul} / 3. June  1806 ^greg. In Saint Petersburg ) was a German historian and geographer , and a linguist and bibliographer .

Live and act

Hartwig Ludwig Christian Bacmeister, son of pastor Johann Christoph Bacmeister (1680–1739) from the old Rostock line of the Bacmeister family and Anna Christine Bölte , studied law at the University of Jena and history and linguistics at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . He was then a tutor in Livonia from 1760 to 1762 . Through the mediation of the geographer Anton Friedrich Büsching , he went to Saint Petersburg with his cousin Johann Vollrath Bacmeister and other Göttingen scholars ( Georg Thomas von Asch , Johann Albrecht Euler , Johann Tobias Lowitz , Peter Simon Pallas ). At the Russian Academy of Sciences he deepened his knowledge of Russian history, geography and language with Gerhard Friedrich Müller and August Ludwig von Schlözer . A lasting cooperation and friendship developed with the Göttingen colleagues.

In 1776 Bacmeister was appointed inspector of the grammar school of the science academy. In 1778 he resigned from this office in order to be able to devote himself fully to his research. During this time he was appointed a member of the Imperial Free Economic Society of Saint Petersburg . A few years later, in recognition of his performance, he was appointed to the expedition council of the imperial income as well as to the imperial Russian court councilor . Catherine II honored Bacmeister with the Order of St. Vladimir .

After an early work on the universities of Dorpat (Estonian: Tartu) and Pernau (Estonian: Pärnu) in Estonia , his work on Peter the Great as well as the compilation and publication of the " Russian Library ", the first bibliographic journal in Russia , emerged over several years . The aim of this magazine was to display every book printed in the Russian Empire and to present it without judgment. In addition, Bacmeister wrote various historical, geographical and linguistic works together with others and above all with his German academic colleagues. Bacmeister also set about translating many of his works and those of Russian, Estonian and Swedish scholars into German .

His already mentioned cousin Johann Vollrath Bacmeister was of great help in this multifaceted task, who, as a studied historian, had in the meantime become a recognized librarian of the academy library and editor of the St. Petersburgische Zeitung .

Works (selection)

Two pages from the eighth volume of the Russian Library; To the knowledge of the current state of literature in Russia .

• News from the former universities in Dorpat and Pernau. Collection of Russian History , Vol. IX, St. Petersburg, 1764
• Russian Library; Knowledge of the current state of literature in Russia ; 11 volumes; St. Petersburg, Riga and Leipzig, 1772–1778
• Contributions to the history of Peter the Great , 3 volumes, Hartkoch, Riga, 1774–1784
• Description of the journey of Count Boris Petrovich Sheremetev to European countries , St. Petersburg, Leipzig and Riga, 1773,
• Brief geography of the Russian Empire , Reval 1773
• Johann Joachim Bellermann / Christian Bacmeister: Remarks about Russia with regard to science, art, religion and other strange conditions ... , Erfurt, Kayser, 1788
• Gerhard Friedrich Müller / Christian Bacmeister (translator): Biography of Field Marshal General Count Boris Petrovich Sheremetew , Hartkoch, St. Petersburg, Leipzig, Riga 1789
• Andreas Botin / Christian Bacmeister (translator): History of the Swedish nation in plan , Carlbohm, Stockholm 1789
• Johann Gottlieb Georgi / Christian Bacmeister: Geographical-physical and natural-historical description of the Russian Empire ... , Königsberg 1797
• Johann Gottfried Eichhorn / Christian Bacmeister: History of modern language studies , Göttingen, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1807

literature

• Franz Xaver von Wegele :  Bacmeister, Christian . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, p. 757 f.
• Annelies Lauch: Science and cultural relations in the Russian Enlightenment - on the work of HL Ch. Bacmeister ; Institute for Slavic Studies, Berlin, 1969
• Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 160 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Hartwig Ludwig Christian Bacmeister in the catalog of the German National Library
• Publications by Richard Bacmeister in the Joint Library Network (GBV)
• Biography and genealogical information
• Short biography at the Institute for Slavic Studies at the University of Potsdam ( Memento from August 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
• Elmar Mittler and Silke Glitsch: Russia and the Göttingische Seele , Göttingen 2004: PDF
• Henricke Foertsch in Reinhard's Wendt book: Collecting, networking, evaluating, missionaries and their contribution to the change in the European worldview ; Chapter 2: Hartwig Ludwig Christian Bacmeister and Christoph Gottlieb von Murr , Narr-Verlag Tübingen: [1]
• Erik Amburger database at the Institute for East and Southeast European Studies
• AP Juškevič and E. Winter (eds.): The Berlin and Petersburg Academy of Sciences in Leonhard Euler's correspondence , Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1976, page 310
• Entry in Энциклопедия КНИГА (Russian)
• Short biography , genealogical knowledge base (Russian)