Hedingen Monastery

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Hedinger Church

The Hedingen Monastery is a former monastery complex and is located together with the Hedinger Church on the southern outskirts of the town of Sigmaringen in the district of Sigmaringen in Baden-Württemberg . The history of the convent dates back to the 14th century and was continued in the 17th century by the Franciscans of the reform branch (the Franciscan Observants ). The Church of the Redeemer of the monastery is the burial place of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen .

history

Franciscan monastery Hedingen (around 1750)

The foundation of the monastery according to the rule of the Dominican Terziarinnen took place in the first half of the 14th century, the first documentary mention was made in 1338. The convent is a foundation by Junker Ital Volkwin. There was probably a membership of the Dominican order from the start. The Weckensteiners , with their ancestral castle Weckenstein near Storzingen , had relationships with the Dominican convent founded shortly before 1388 , in whose diary the nun Margret von Weckenstein and also Anna von Weckenstein and Junker Hans von Weckenstein are listed.

Count Eberhard II of Württemberg allowed the nuns in Hedingen on August 24, 1349 to occupy the care of the Johanniskapelle and the associated house in the churchyard with an honorable priest or layperson, and on June 26, 1362 as fiefdom of the Leutkirche in Laiz to the dean in Bingen the foundation of an altar with measuring pillars in Hedingen Monastery for a chaplain of the nuns. On September 1, 1369, he showed the city of Sigmaringen the grace that goods in the city that were previously taxable should remain subject to tax, even if they came to the Hedingen Monastery.

The Hedingen convent near Sigmaringen was also mentioned in a process. The trial was directed against the Truchsessian Landammann and Heiligenpfleger zu Hohentengen Christoph Weinschenk because of the goods and income of the monastery in Bremen , which had been awarded to Sebastian Krisell there in 1582, before the episcopal-Constance court , later as an appeal before the archbishop-mainzian court.

The Dominican convent was closed between 1595 and 1597 because of moral neglect , property was transferred to the Augustinian choir monastery Inzigkofen (1354–1856), and the building became part of the Sigmaringen hospital. The convent moved to the Habsthal monastery in Habsthal near Ostrach .

The monastery complex in Hedingen served as the city hospital of Sigmaringen until the opening of a Franciscan branch in 1624. The Franciscan monastery ( franciscanorum Hedingae ) was in the diocese of Constance and initially belonged to the Bavarian custody of the Strasbourg (Upper German) province of Argentina , with which it became a new one in 1625 established Bavarian Franciscan Province ( Bavaria ) came. During the Thirty Years' War the monastery was sacked by the Swedes in 1633, a brother was killed; the church could not be consecrated again until 1641. In 1770 a public Latin school was opened in the monastery, which was expanded into a grammar school in 1776.

On October 5, 1796, the Hedingen monastery was sacked by retreating French troops.

The Franciscan monastery fell to the princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1806 and was abolished in 1816. The Archdiocese of Freiburg was formed in 1821 from the Diocese of Constance and parts of the Diocese of Mainz, Strasbourg, Worms and Würzburg .

On October 2, 1818, the princely government under Prince Anton Aloys von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1762–1831) announced the establishment of a "Latin school" in the buildings of the former monastery for the coming school year, financed by the scholarship fund. From 1818 to 1893 the buildings were used for the Princely Hohenzollern , later state high school ( Royal Catholic High School in Hedingen ; the origins of today's Hohenzollern High School ).

Volumes ( incunabula ) from the dissolved monastery library are in the Badische Landesbibliothek in Karlsruhe. They give a small impression of how splendid the monastery library might have looked in the 18th century. In the Donaueschingen court library there were further volumes from the library, which were distributed all over the world from 1999 onwards.

Hedinger Church

Domed structure

The Roman Catholic Hedinger Church , also known as the Church of the Redeemer , was originally built as a monastery church of the former Franciscan monastery. It is a crypt church , that is, it is the burial place of the princely family of Hohenzollern with a cloister.

The Hedinger Church consists of a total of three structures.

  • The baroque nave of the current church was built from 1680 to 1682 by the Franciscans, who owned the monastery at the time, in place of an older church.
  • Around 1715 the Lady Chapel was added in the Rococo style . The stucco made Nicholas contactor from Landsberg. The chapel was soon destroyed by fire and renovated in 1747.
  • In 1889, the modest church of the mendicant order, which had served as a burial place since 1847, began by the court building officer Johannes de Pay . He built a monumental domed structure over the princely crypt in the style of the Italian high renaissance .

Under the dome is the high altar from Venice in white Carrara marble . The four evangelists are depicted under the Latin words “Ego sum resurrectio et vita” (German: “I am the resurrection and the life”). Above you can see a representation of the Trinity and Mary and John the Baptist. Further up in the dome there are eight windows and, among other things, rose-shaped decorations on a golden background. At the bottom, small holes in a round metal plate allow a small glimpse into the new crypt. The tomb, dome and the cross on the dome form a line.

The floor is comparatively simple - the Hohenzollern had to save because the castle had cost a lot of money.

The organ was built by Franz Xaver Späth from Ennetach in 1911 and has largely been preserved in its original condition. The organ, designed as opus 194 by the Späth organ building workshop , has 32 registers on three manuals and a pedal .

The church was consecrated in 1911.

The church is not accessible during the year, but is open on special occasions.

Hedinger Christmas crib

Nativity scene

The royal family has been opening the gates of their grave church at Christmas time for around 40 years. In the Marienkapelle, a side chapel of the church, the 20 square meter and 250 year old baroque nativity scene from the middle of the 18th century is shown at Christmas time. The Hedinger Christmas crib is owned by the Hohenzollern family. It was supplemented in the 19th century and shown again for the first time in 1893. It consists of 175 individual parts (including 64 crib figures, animals and utensils).

The crib is a so-called simultaneous crib , which depicts various significant biblical events side by side. At a depth of seven meters and a width of five meters, the individual scenes will be successively supplemented during the Christmas season according to the Christmas calendar. The first scene depicts the birth of Jesus with the Holy Family . Another scene shows the child murder in Bethlehem , commanded by a mounted King Herod and shown with grim-looking soldiers impaling innocent babies with lances . Another scene is the Adoration of the Magi , which replaces the January 6th birth scene. In addition, there is a group of citizens in front of a city backdrop, which handles all scenes in the background.

The painted heads and hands of the 40 to 60 centimeter tall figures are carved from wood. The figures that embody the biblical representations are also dressed and equipped according to the aesthetic ideal of the baroque period. Ladies are dressed with powdered wigs and sweeping dresses made of sumptuous fabrics. The magnificently clad ladies and a few other figures probably originally belonged to a scene that has not survived that depicts the wedding at Cana . Citizens and rural people are also shown in contemporary clothing. The armored soldiers of the child murder scene represent horsemen from the Baroque era. One of the soldiers is even dressed in the uniform of a member of the Hohenzollern District Kuirassier Regiment from the 18th century. On the other hand, a camel stands at the side of the oriental-clad three kings and their entourage. The crib is very complex, just setting up the initial scenery for two or three people should have taken at least two days.

The painted backdrops of the nativity scene are made of burlap . They model the mountains, the vault under which the Holy Family found refuge, and the silhouette of the city of Jerusalem. Real trees from the princely forest are used as a further part of the scenery.

Burial place

Hohenzoller burial place

The following people were buried in the Hedingen Monastery and its cloister:

  • Count Ferdinand of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1571–1571)
  • Countess Maria Magdalena of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1574–1582)
  • Countess Barbara von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1575–1577)
  • Count Karl von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1579–1585)
  • Countess Euphrosyne of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1580–1582)
  • Count Georg Friedrich von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1593–1593)
  • Countess Maria Salome of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1595–1595)
  • Count Philipp Eusebius of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1597–1601)
  • Count Jakob Friedrich of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1598–1598)
  • Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (infant death August 22, 1650; child Meinrad I, Prince of Hohenzollern)
  • Count of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (infant death August 6, 1655; child Meinrad I, Prince of Hohenzollern)
  • Count Friedrich Joseph Fidelis Anton von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1750–1750)
  • Count Johann Baptist Friedrich Fidelis of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1751–1751)
  • Count Anton Joachim Georg Franz of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1752–1752)
  • Count Fidelius Joseph Anton Franz von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1753–1754)
  • Countess Maria Franziska Anna Antonia von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1754–1755)
  • Count Joachim Adam of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1755–1756)
  • Prince Karl Anton Joachim Zephyrin Friedrich Meinrad von Hohenzollern (1811–1885)
  • Prince Anton Egon Karl Friedrich von Hohenzollern (1841–1866)
  • Prince Friedrich Eugen Johann von Hohenzollern (1843–1904)
  • Prince Friedrich Wilhelm von Hohenzollern (1924-2010)
  • Prince Johann Georg von Hohenzollern (1932-2016)

Burial place of Wettiners

Members of the former royal Saxon house of Wettin are also buried here:

Remarks

  1. ^ Johann Adam Kraus: Anniversary book of the Hedingen Monastery (1509) . In: Hohenzollerische Jahreshefte . No. 18, 1958. pp. 153, 157, 167, 173, 176.
  2. ^ According to documents from the Baden-Württemberg State Archives, which burned in 1944.
  3. ↑ Raynald Wagner: On the history of the Bavarian Franciscan Province from 1625 to 1802. In: Bayerische Franziskanerprovinz (Ed.): 1625-2010. The Bavarian Franciscan Province. From its beginnings until today. Furth 2010, pp. 6–29, here p. 13.17.
  4. ↑ Troops plunder Hedinger monastery . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from December 28, 2009.
  5. ↑ a b c d e visit to the crib. Rural women explore the Hedinger Church under the guidance of Peter Kempf . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from January 9, 2009.
  6. ↑ Speaker presents princely mausoleums. In: Schwäbische Zeitung from June 24, 2015.
  7. ↑ a b c d Sebastian Korinth (sec): Dome, chandelier and works of art arouse the interest of SZ readers. For once, author Peter Kempf opens the doors of the Hedinger Church - “A great tour”, is the conclusion of one participant. In: Schwäbische Zeitung from June 20, 2011.
  8. ↑ a b c Baroque gem in royal possession. To see again over Christmas: Hedinger Christmas crib in the Sigmaringer grave church. In: Südkurier of December 23, 2009.
  9. ↑ Hedinger Church shows a large nativity scene . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from December 18, 2010.
  10. ^ Hedinger Church. Hohenzollern show their crib . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from December 5, 2008.
  11. ↑ BILD Dresden (December 22, 2009): Dedo died on December 6, 2009 in Radebeul , his urn has been located next to that of Gero († 2003) in the Hohenzollern crypt in Hedingen Monastery since December 21, 2009.

literature

  • Walther Genzmer (Ed.): The art monuments of Hohenzollern . tape 2 : Sigmaringen district. W. Speemann, Stuttgart 1948.
  • Friedrich von Laßberg: Hedingen Monastery in the Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen . In: JDG Memminger: Würtembergische yearbooks for patriotic history, geography, statistics and topography . Born in 1830. First issue. Stuttgart and Tübingen 1831, pp. 130–148
  • Anton Lichtschlag: Documents on the history of the Dominican nunnery in Hedingen : In: Messages from the Association for History and Antiquity in Hohenzollern . 1st year 1867/68, p. 3 ff .; VIII. Year 1874/75, p. 23 ff.
  • Anton Lichtschlag: On the history of the Franciscan monastery Hedingen : In: Messages of the society for history and antiquity in Hohenzollern . Issue 8th year 1874/75, pp. 23–40
  • Peter Kempf: Art historical guide on the burial place of the Sigmaringer Hohenzollern, 2011

Web links

Commons : Hedingen Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′ 55 ″  N , 9 ° 13 ′ 25 ″  E