Henry IX. (Bavaria)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Heinrich with Wulfhild in the Historia Welforum (12th century)
Heinrich in the Weingarten Foundation Booklet (around 1510)
Heinrich's certificate for the Augustinian canons of Ranshofen , issued on July 30, 1125. Munich, Bayerisches Hauptstaatsarchiv, KU Ranshofen 2

Heinrich the Black (* 1075 ; † December 13, 1126 in Ravensburg ), also Heinrich the Welf , was Duke of Bavaria (according to modern counts as Heinrich IX. ). He came from the Guelph family , his father was Welf IV. After his brother Welf V died without descendants, he succeeded him in the Duchy of Bavaria in 1120 .

Between 1095 and 1100 Heinrich and Wulfhild, the daughter of the last Duke of Saxony, Magnus, married from the Billunger family . The marriage had seven children:

With the death of his father-in-law Magnus Billung († 1106) he hoped to take over the Duchy of Saxony. But this power constellation met the resistance of the new King Heinrich V , who surprisingly installed Count Lothar von Süpplinburg (later King Lothar III ) as duke in Saxony in the middle of 1106 .

Henry the Black played a special role in the 1125 election . At first he seems to have promoted the candidacy of his son-in-law Friedrich II of Swabia . In the course of the discussions about the suitable candidate, however, he changed his mind and finally stood up for Duke Lothar von Sachsen, who thereby became Lothar III. was elected Roman-German king. Lothar had promised to give his daughter Gertrud Heinrich's son Heinrich (the proud) to wife. This marriage was concluded in 1127, although Gertrud was only 12 years old at the time.

After Lothar's election, Bavarian, Franconian and Swabian supporters proclaimed the Staufer Konrad to be the rival king in December 1125 . Heinrich the Black entered the Weingarten Monastery as a lay monk - perhaps in order not to have to go to war against his son-in-law. There he died in 1126.

His nickname “the black one” has only been attested since the 13th century. In the various representations of the Saxon lineage, he has been listed as Heinrich the Welf since the 16th century at the latest because of his origin from the Guelphs and to differentiate him from Heinrich the Lion .

literature

Web links

Commons : Henry IX.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ For the family tree of the Counts of Sulzbach and further information on this noble family, see: Heinz Dopsch : Siedlung und Recht. On the prehistory of the founders of the Berchtesgaden monastery. In: Walter Brugger , Heinz Dopsch (ed.): History of Berchtesgaden. Pen - market - land. Volume 1: Between Salzburg and Bavaria (until 1594). Plenk, Berchtesgaden 1991, ISBN 3-922590-63-2 , pp. 175–228, here pp. 214 and 221.
  2. ↑ Knut Görich : The Staufer. Ruler and Empire (= Becksche series 2393). Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-53593-3 , p. 26.
  3. ↑ Joachim Ehlers : Heinrich the lion. A biography. Siedler, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-88680-787-1 , p. 32.
  4. ↑ Johann Agricola : Warhrachtige Abcontrafactur and portrait of the Groß-Hertzüge also Chur and princes, Dresden 1608, No. 11: By God's grace Hertzog Heinrich the Welff .
  5. ↑ Georg Voss : Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach: Eisenach administrative district: Eisenach district court - die Wartburg, Jena 1917, p. 381: painting of the 16th century Heinrich the Welph , with comments on other depictions that also identify him.
predecessor Office successor
Welf II. Duke of Bavaria
1120–1126 		Heinrich X.
personal data
SURNAME Henry IX.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Heinrich the Black; Henry the Welf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Bavaria
DATE OF BIRTH 1075
DATE OF DEATH December 13, 1126
Place of death Ravensburg