Johann Heinrich Sandstede
Johann Heinrich Sandstede (born March 20, 1859 in Bad Zwischenahn ; † February 28, 1951 there ) was a German self-taught plant researcher and botanist ( lichenologist ). His botanical-mycological author's abbreviation is “ Sandst. ".
Life
Sandstede was the eldest son of the master baker Gerhard Diedrich Sandstede and Catharina Margarete geb. Hardness. He attended elementary school in Zwischenahn , completed an apprenticeship as a baker in his father's business and in 1876 went on the usual wanderings as a journeyman . After his return, he took over his father's business, which he ran until 1912. On May 26, 1885, he married Helene Sophie zu Klampen (* 1863), the daughter of Johann zu Klampen and Anna Margarethe geb. Müller.
Research work
Sandstede was already interested in botany as a child and acquired the basic knowledge for it through self-study. In 1879 he met the school director and botanist Friedrich Müller from Varel . Müller himself researched the Oldenburg moorland and promoted Sandstede by drawing his attention to lichens . Together, Müller and Sandstede then explored the lichen flora of the Ammerland in their free time and in the following years also included Heligoland , the North and East Frisian islands and Rügen in their field of study.
In 1889 Sandstede published his first work on the lichen flora of the northwest German lowlands , which was soon followed by further studies. Almost all of the writings were published in the series of publications of the Natural Science Association in Bremen . From 1912 Sandstede specialized in the widespread lichen genus Cladonia and created a number of herbariums in which he collected almost 2,000 species and forms. In March 1930, the Faculty of Natural Sciences awarded him the University of Münster the honorary doctorate .
In 1939 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
Sandstede was also internationally recognized as a specialist and the most important cladonia researcher in Germany. He was elected a member of numerous scientific associations and societies.
Newly described lichen species
- Acarospora murina sandst.
- Arthonia zwackhii sandst .
- Buellia atromaculata Sandst.
- Cladonia cornutoradiata f. repetito-prolifera sandst .
- Cladonia didyma f. subulata sandst.
- Cladonia gracilis f. anthocephala sandst .
- Cladonia grayi f. prolifera sandst.
- Cladonia grayi f. squamulosa sandst.
- Cladonia merrillii Sandst.
- Cladonia mitis sandst.
- Cladonia pyxidata f. intermedia sandst.
- Cladonia squamosa f. levicorticata sandst .
- Cladonia subgracilis Sandst.
- Cladonia subnemoxyna sandst . ex paybr.
- Cladonia subpityrea sandst .
- Cladonia subsquamosa f. subulata sandst.
- Cladonia substrepsilis sandst . ex paybr.
- Cladonia sylvatica f. pygmaea sandst.
- Cladonia tenuis f. soralifera sandst.
- Cladonia verticillata f. brevis sandst.
- Cladonia verticillata f. pulvinata sandst.
- Cladonia verticillata var. Pulvinata Sandst.
- Lecanora leproscens sandst .
- Lecanora leprosescens Sandst.
- Lecanora nephaea var. Isidiosa Sandst.
- Lecidea illota Sandst.
- Opegrapha chevallieri f. agglomerata sandst.
- Opegrapha chevallieri var. Agglomerata Sandst.
- Opegrapha rubescens Sandst.
- Parmelia dubia f. ulophylla sandst.
- Stereocaulon condensatum f. athallinum Sandst. ex Erichsen
- Verrucaria paulula Sandst.
Honors
- According to him, which is Heinrich Sandstede Street in Bad Zwischenahn named.
- On his 71st birthday in 1930, he received the academic title of honorary doctor from the faculty of philosophy and natural sciences from the University of Münster .
Dedication names
In honor of Sandstede, several types of lichen were named after him:
- Buellia sandstedei (Zwackh) Sandst.
- Cladina sandstedei (Abbayes) Ahti
- Cladonia sandstedei Abbayes
- Cladonia sandstedei f. dendroides Abbayes
- Cladonia sandstedei f. sandstedei Abbayes
- Diplodina sandstedei braid
- Epicladonia sandstedei (plait) D. Hawksw.
- Lecidea sandstedei Zwackh
- Verrucaria sandstedei
- Verrucaria sandstedei var. Lorrain-smithiae Zschacke
- Verrucaria sandstedei var. Sandstedei B. de Lesd.
Further commitment
Sandstede was also still active in the Oldenburg homeland movement, which began increasingly after the turn of the century, and founded the Zwischenahn open-air museum in 1909/10 together with the painter Bernhard Winter and Wilhelm Gleimius . He continued to research the region's field names and house brands , sponsored the performance of Low German plays, and published the results of his research in magazine and newspaper articles.
Fonts
- Contributions to a lichen flora of the northwest German lowlands. In: Treatises of the Natural Science Association in Bremen. Volume 10, 1890, pp. 439-480 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ), Volume 12, 1892, pp. 209-236 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ), Volume 13, 1895, pp. 313-328 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ), Volume 14 , 1898, pp. 483-493 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ) and Volume 17, 1903, pp. 578-607 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- From the biological institute on Heligoland. The lichens of Heligoland. 2 parts. Zwischenahn 1894–1901.
- Rügen's lichen flora. Published in: Negotiations of the Botanical Association of the Province of Brandenburg. Volume 45. Berlin. 1903.
- The cladonia of the northwestern German lowlands and the German North Sea islands. In: Treatises of the Natural Science Association in Bremen. Volume 18, 1903/04, pp. 384-456 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ), Volume 21, 1912/13, pp. 337-382 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ) and Volume 25, 1919/20, pp. 89-243 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
- The lichens of the north-west German lowlands and the German North Sea islands. Ibid. Vol. 21, 1912.
- The genus Cladonia. Published in: Rabenhorst: Cryptogam Flora of Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Vol. 8th section. 4. T. 2. 1931.
- Happy youth. Childhood experiences from 80 years ago. Published in: Nordwest-Zeitung, December 31, 1952.
- Collected essays on Oldenburg local history. Copy of his essays published in 1895–1953. 2 vols. Bad Zwischenahn. 1954. LBO, MS.
- 537 Ammerland house brands. Compiled by Heinrich Sandstede and Adolf Rauchheld by 1933. Completed and described by Heinrich Borgmann until 1963. Oldenburg. 1964.
literature
- Diedrich Steilen: Heinrich Sandstede 1859-1951 . In: Otto Heinrich May (Ed.): Niedersächsische Lebensbilder, Vol. 3, Hildesheim: Lax 1957, pp. 255–264
- Hans Friedl: Sandstede, Johann Heinrich. In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 629-630 ( online ).
Web links
- Author entry at the IPNI
- Literature by and about Johann Heinrich Sandstede in the catalog of the German National Library
- http://www.lb-oldenburg.de/pdf/biohandb/s.pdf
- George A. Llano: Heinrich Sandstede (1859–1951) (in English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ member entry of Henry Sandstede at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on 07 June 2016th
- ^ Heinrich Sandstede. Obituary by O. Klement
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Sandstede, Johann Heinrich |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German plant researcher (lichenologist) |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 20, 1859 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Bad Zwischenahn |
DATE OF DEATH | February 28, 1951 |
Place of death | Bad Zwischenahn |