Heinzenberg (Graubünden)
The Heinzenberg ( Rätorom . Mantogna ) is the western side of the valley between Thusis and Rothenbrunnen in the Swiss canton of Graubünden . The opposite eastern side of the valley is called Domleschg , with the Heinzenberg occasionally also counting as Domleschg. The area is named after Heinzenberg Castle near the village of Präz .
geography
The Heinzenberg, which extends around 15 km in a south-north direction, is bounded in the west by the Heinzenberggrat and in the east by the Hinterrhein. Especially in the southern part the slope rises quite gently (15 to 20 percent) and offers good conditions for agriculture. Around the villages there are meadows and home pastures, on the lower slope there are also fields and fruit trees. Above this is a zone of Maiensässen . Heights over 1800 m above sea level M. are occupied by extensive alpine meadows . Duke Henri de Rohan enthusiastically praised the diverse cultural landscape as the “most beautiful mountain in the world”.
The subsoil is made of less resistant Bündner slate . Sinks and smaller landslides characterize the picture. The Nolla torrent , which bound the Heinzenberg to the south, was feared, which dug a deep ravine within a few decades at the end of the 18th century and hit Thusis with its floods. It required extensive barriers to stabilize the situation. The Porteiner Tobel also shows major erosion damage.
The Heinzenberggrat begins in the south at the 1848 m high Glaspass , a historically significant transition ( mule track ) from Thusis to the Safiental and extends to the Vorderrhein . The most striking points of the ridge, which is made accessible by a scenic hiking trail, are Lüschgrat (2179 m), Tguma (2163 m) Präzer Höhi (2120 m), Crest dil Cut (2016 m) and Crest Ault (1942 m). To the west the ridge drops sharply into the Safien valley.
Communities
At the foot of the slope at almost 700 m above sea level. M. are the larger towns of Thusis and Cazis . On a lower slope (850 to 1000 m) are Masein and Tartar , above (1140 to 1270 m) Urmein , Flerden , Portein , Sarn and Präz . The uppermost municipality is the typical Walser scattered settlement Tschappina at 1400 to 1600 m.
Starting from the early Germanized Thusis, the German language also spread in the smaller villages and largely displaced the traditional Romansh ( Sutsilvan ). Nowadays only a handful of elderly people on the outer Heinzenberg (especially in Prec) can speak the Heinzenberg Romansh. With the exception of Cazis, all communities joined the Reformation in the 16th century .
The ten communities make up the district of Thusis . The former Heinzenberg district was made up of the districts Thusis, Domleschg and Safien. It was dissolved on January 1, 2001. Since then, the district of Thusis has been part of the Hinterrhein district .
The archaeological sites of the Cresta settlement and Petrushügel are located in the municipality of Cazis .
population
| Population development | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1803 | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 1990 | 2000 | |
| Residents | 2484 | 3109 | 3181 | 4400 | 5430 | 5571 | |
traffic
The Domleschg valley with the Heinzenberg has always been a transit area on the way from Chur to the Splügen and San Bernardino Alpine passes . Today, important traffic arteries run on both sides of the river: the A13 motorway on the Domleschger, the Rhaetian Railway on the Heinzenberg side. The area of the actual Heinzenberg is served by two post bus lines (Thusis - Praez and Thusis - Obertschappina, in summer up to Glaspass).
literature
- Jürg Simonett: Heinzenberg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2010 .
Web links
- Heinzenberg (Graubünden) on the ETHorama platform
- Tourism region of Heinzenberg
Coordinates: 46 ° 43 ' N , 9 ° 25' E ; CH1903: 750 878 / 175852