Sharans

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sharans
Scharans coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : canton of Grisonscanton of Grisons Graubünden (GR)
Region : Viamala
BFS no. : 3638i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 7412
Coordinates : 754 535  /  175856 coordinates: 46 ° 42 '58 "  N , 9 ° 27' 36"  O ; CH1903:  754535  /  175856
Height : 760  m above sea level M.
Height range : 656–2496 m above sea level M.
Area : 14.29  km²
Residents: 789 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 55 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.scharans.ch
Sharans

Sharans

Location of the municipality
Lago di Lei Lago di Monte Spluga Lago di Luzzone Lai da Marmorera Sufnersee Zervreilasee Italien Kanton Tessin Region Albula Region Imboden Region Maloja Region Moesa Region Plessur Region Surselva Andeer Avers GR Casti-Wergenstein Cazis Domleschg Donat GR Ferrera GR Ferrera GR Flerden Flerden Fürstenau GR Lohn GR Masein Mathon GR Rheinwald Rongellen Rothenbrunnen Scharans Sils im Domleschg Sufers Thusis Thusis Tschappina Urmein Zillis-ReischenMap of Scharans
About this picture
w

Scharans ( Rhaeto-Romanic Scharons ) is a municipality in the Viamala region in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

geography

Aerial photo from 2000 m by Walter Mittelholzer (1925)

Neighboring communities of Scharans are Sils im Domleschg , Fürstenau , Almens and Vaz / Obervaz . In addition to the village itself, the districts Parnegl (Eng. Parnell), Prin (836 m), Stufels and St. Agatha belong to Scharans. Next, the part Alp Danis to the community. The most striking mountain in the municipality is the Piz Scalottas (2323 m).

history

Settlements from the Bronze and Iron Ages were found in Scharans. A former castle site is connected with the episcopal grand courtyard. Around 1200 was agrum Schraunis , Romansh Sharon mentioned. Scharans was obliged to haulage around 1250, there was a customs post on the old Schinweg in the direction of Obervaz and Julier Pass and Septimer Pass . A separate parish was mentioned in 1410, the Marienpatrozinium in 1451. The Reformation was introduced between 1525 and 1530 under the influence of the reformer Philipp Gallicius . From 1618 to 1620 Jörg Jenatsch worked as a reformed pastor in Scharans. In 1709 the last episcopal rulership rights were bought out. Until 1851 Scharans belonged to the judicial community of Fürstenau . In 1873 the road to Talstrasse was extended.

coat of arms

Blazon : split of silver (white) and black, in silver three green linden leaves .

The shield, split in silver and black, reminds of Ulrich von Marmels and his work in Scharans, while the linden leaves for the mighty linden tree stand next to the church.

population

Population development
year 1803 1850 1900 1950 1980 1990 2000 2005 2016
Residents 336 416 439 480 586 702 817 825 818

languages

Originally the population spoke Sutselvisch , a dialect of the Graubünden Romance language . This language began to decline in the 19th century. Nevertheless, 70% of the population spoke Romansh in 1880 and 59% in 1910. The language change to German took place in the interwar period. In 1941, only 30% said Romansh was their language. Then there was a rapid decline in Romansh until 1970 (11% Romansh speakers). This could be slowed down for a decade. But since 1990 the municipality has been almost monolingual, as the following table shows:

Languages ​​in Sharans
languages 1980 census 1990 census 2000 census
number proportion of number proportion of number proportion of
German 484 82.59% 628 89.46% 782 95.72%
Romansh 69 11.77% 22nd 3.13% 17th 2.08%
Italian 14th 2.39% 18th 2.56% 7th 0.86%
Residents 586 100% 702 100% 817 100%

German is the only official language in Scharans today. 5% of the residents understand Romansh.

Origin and nationality

Of the 825 residents at the end of 2005, 791 were Swiss citizens.

Personalities

  • Bernardo da Poschiavo (* around 1475 in Scharans?; † after 1522 in Ramosch ), master builder
  • Philipp Gallicius (1504–1566), Reformed pastor, reformer and song writer, in Scharans around 1530
  • Jörg Jenatsch (1596–1639), Graubünden politician and military leader, preacher 1617–1618 and Protestant pastor 1628–1630 in Scharans
  • Linard Bardill (* 1956), songwriter and writer

Attractions

  • Sharan's Reformed Church

  • House Gees

  • Atelier Linard Bardill

literature

  • Mathias Kundert: The language change in Domleschg and on Heinzenberg (19th / 20th century). Commission publisher Desertina, Chur 2007, ISBN 978-3-85637-340-5 .
  • Erwin Poeschel : The art monuments of the canton of Graubünden III. The valley communities Räzünser Boden, Domleschg, Heinzenberg, Oberhalbstein, Upper and Lower Engadine. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 11). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1940. DNB 760079625 .
  • Jürg Simonett: Scharans. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . July 11, 2011 , accessed December 15, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Scharans  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Jürg Simonett: Scharans. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . July 11, 2011 , accessed December 15, 2019 .
  3. ^ Nott Caviezel: Bernardo da Poschiavo. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . September 9, 2002 , accessed December 15, 2019 .
  4. ^ Atelier Bardill
  5. ↑ Scalottas home for the disabled
  6. ↑ Building complex nos. 36-38