Hermann I. (Thuringia)

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Landgrave Hermann of Thuringia and his wife Sophie, Landgrave psalter (1211–1213), Stuttgart, Württembergische Landesbibliothek, HB II 24, fol. 174v.

Hermann I or Hermann of Thuringia (* around 1155 ; † April 25, 1217 in Gotha ) from the Ludowinger family was Count Palatine of Saxony and Landgrave of Thuringia .

Life

Hermann was the younger son of Ludwig II of Thuringia and his wife Jutta , a half-sister of Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa. Together with his older brother, who later became Ludwig III. , he was educated at the court of Louis VII of France, among others . In 1181 Hermann received from Ludwig III. the Palatine County of Saxony . After Ludwig III died in the Third Crusade in 1190 , Hermann also inherited the landgraviate.

In 1197 Hermann took part in the crusade of his cousin Emperor Heinrich VI. , which was canceled prematurely after the surprising death of Heinrich.

After the death of Henry VI. In 1197 the two elected kings Philip of Swabia and Otto IV fought in the German throne dispute for recognition of their royal rule. Landgrave Hermann changed sides several times. He endeavored to enlarge his territory and make it more closed through this change. The Thuringians' continued marriage policy served the same goal: he was the cousin of King Ottokar of Bohemia , and Hermann married his son Ludwig to the Hungarian princess Elisabeth . In 1211 he decided to support Barbarossa's grandson Friedrich II in his application for the German royal crown.

Through his temporary upbringing in Paris , he was familiar with contemporary French literature, whose German revision he promoted. Heinrich von Veldeke's Eneasroman , Wolfram von Eschenbach's Willehalm , possibly parts of Parzival and Herbort by Fritzlars Liet von Troye , were created at the Landgrafenhof . The Wartburg was under his rule definitively of the headquarters Ludowinger . In 1206 the - fictional - singers' war is said to have taken place there, in which such important minstrels as Walther von der Vogelweide and Wolfram von Eschenbach are said to have participated.

Hermann I died on April 25, 1217 in Gotha. He was buried in the Katharinenkloster in Eisenach . His successor was his son Ludwig IV.

Marriages and offspring

Hermann first married Sophia von Sommerschenburg († 1189/90) in 1182, the widow of Count Heinrich I von Wettin , with whom he had two daughters:

  • Jutta (* 1184; † 1235)
⚭ 1197 Margrave Dietrich von Meißen (* 1162; † 1221, called the oppressed )
⚭ 1223 Count Poppo XIII. von Henneberg (* 1185/90; † 1245)
  • Hedwig († 1247)
⚭ around 1211 Count Albrecht von Orlamünde , Count of Holstein

In 1196 he married Sophia (* 1170, † 1238), daughter of Duke Otto I of Bavaria . The marriage has six more children:

  • Irmgard (* 1196; † 1244)
⚭ 1211 Prince Heinrich I of Anhalt
  • Hermann (* before 1200; † 1216)
  • Ludwig IV. (* 1200; † 1227), 1217–1227 Landgrave in Thuringia
⚭ 1221 Elisabeth (1207–1231, canonized in 1235), daughter of King Andrew II of Hungary
  • Heinrich Raspe (1204–1247), 1227–1247 Landgrave of Thuringia, 1246/47 Roman-German anti-king
  • Agnes (* 1205; † before 1247)
⚭ 1225 Heinrich von Babenberg , called the cruel or the godless (* 1208; † 1228)
⚭ 1229 Duke Albrecht I of Saxony (around 1175; † 1261)

literature

Web links

Commons : Hermann I.  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Ludwig III. Count Palatine of Saxony
1181–1217 		Ludwig IV.
Ludwig III. Landgrave of Thuringia
1190–1217 		Ludwig IV.
personal data
SURNAME Hermann I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landgrave of Thuringia, Count Palatine of Saxony
DATE OF BIRTH around 1155
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1217
Place of death Gotha