Baukau

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Strünkede Castle Chapel

Baukau is a northern part of the Westphalian city of Herne .

geography

Baukau lies in the lowlands of the Emscherland . In the area of ​​the Emscher, a land height of around 45 m above sea level is reached. In the direction of downtown Herne, to the south, the terrain gradually rises. In Baukau the Emscher forms the northern border between Hernes and Recklinghausen . The Rhine-Herne Canal runs parallel to the river in the Herne area. The Ostbach flows into the Emscher to the northwest of the Strünkeder Castle Park . At the wholesale market, the Schmiedesbach , which was previously run underground, comes to light. It also flows into the Emscher and before 1975 formed the western city limits of Hernes in the area of ​​the Rhine-Herne Canal. Thus the straightened and piped brook was the "natural" border between Baukau and Crange.

  • The Rhine-Herne Canal with a riverside path in Herne-Baukau

  • The Emscher as a border river between Recklinghausen (left) and Herne, with the estuary structures of the Ostbach (middle right)

  • Still in the imperial corset: the canalized Ostbach just before the Rhine-Herne Canal

  • The subterranean course of the Westbach can only be guessed at under the footpath at the castle park

Place name

There are two theories for the origin of the place name. Once it is derived from the old Saxon Boickauwe for peasantry. The expert assumption of the Herne City Archives is that the name is composed of Bauk -au , which means Buchen-Aue in Low German .

history

Old farmhouse with half-timbered gable wall in Baukau
Steag power station

A Gut Boko (u) we was first mentioned in a document in 1378. The Baukau peasantry had belonged to the Kerkspel Herne since the Middle Ages and was under the rule of the Strünkeder knights.

Since 1844 Baukau was a municipality in the Herne district. When Herne received town charter in 1897, the Baukau office was formed from the remaining municipalities of the former Herne office. It included the communities of Baukau, Horsthausen, Pöppinghausen , Bladenhorst and Hiltrop. On April 1, 1908, Baukau became a district of Herne and the Baukau office was dissolved.

In 1866, coal mining began in the Baukaus area at the Providence colliery , or von der Heydt , as mother Wilhelm Endemann first called the coal field in 1855. From 1894 a second shaft was sunk. When Harpener Bergbau AG took over the mine in 1889 , the name was finally changed to Von der Heydt . From 1918 onwards, mining was combined with the Julia mine , which existed until 1961. Even after its closure and construction department were mine surveying the mine Von der Heydt at Harpen way for the coal mine Recklinghausen continue to be used.

In 1962/63, Steag commissioned the Herne-Baukau power plant on the Rhine-Herne Canal, initially with two blocks of 150 MW each. A third block with 300 MW was built as early as 1966. The last expansion of the location took place in 1989 with the construction of Block 4 with 500 MW. At the same time, a 300 m high chimney was built for the entire system and a huge cooling tower. Both can be seen from a distance today. After Unit 1 was shut down in 2000, the construction of a fifth unit of similar dimensions to the last expansion was planned for 2008. However, the expansion plans were postponed by the operator.

The Rhine-Herne Canal has been an important European waterway on the northern border of Baukau since 1914. The canal was run parallel to the Emscher , taking advantage of the geography of the valley. The Herne-West lock of the canal was located in Baukau, and its operation has now ceased due to structural changes and modernization of the waterway.

The regional reform in 1975 brought about a minor political change for Baukau with the unification of Herne and Wanne-Eickel . While the majority of the district forms the municipal electoral district Baukau and belongs to the city district Mitte, a small part in the west of the district has been assigned to the municipal electoral district Crange / Baukau, which belongs to the city district Wanne.

Since the 1950s there has been a vocational school center with a commercial focus in Baukau, near downtown Herne. A secondary school and a grammar school were built in the immediate vicinity of the complex in the 1970s and 80s.

and display information about the image
Rhine-Herne Canal, former Herne-West lock

statistics

As of December 31, 2018, 16,872 people lived in Baukau, 4,222 of them in the Baukau-West district and 12,650 in the Baukau-Ost district.

Baukau-West

Structure of the population in the statistical district of Baukau-West in 2018:

  • Minor quota: 15.7% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Old age quota: 20.0% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 17.1% (Herner average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 8.3% (Herner average: 8.2%)

Structure of the population in the statistical district Scharpwinkel-Ring in 2018:

  • Minor quota: 18.2% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Old age quota: 19.3% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 14.4% (Herner average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 6.7% (Herner average: 8.2%)

Baukau East

Structure of the population in the statistical district Strünkede in 2018:

  • Minor quota: 16.8% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Old age quota: 20.6% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 17.9% (Herner average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 9.1% (Herner average: 8.2%)

Structure of the population in the statistical district of Baukau-Kern in 2018:

  • Minor quota: 16.6% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Old age quota: 26.2% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 19.9% ​​(Herner average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 8.5% (Herner average: 8.2%)

traffic

Baukau is located on the connection branch of the railway line trough-Eickel-Hamburg for Duisburg-Dortmund railway .

Attractions

Strünkede Castle

Strünkede Castle with its Gothic castle chapel is located in the Baukaus area . It is the oldest surviving structure in Herne. Both are located in the castle park in the Emscher valley and are of moats surrounded. The castle is the location of the Emschertal Museum . The museum has a public library. The Hernes Municipal Gallery , which is housed in a Wilhelminian style villa, is also located in the palace gardens.

Sports

The stadium of the football club SC Westfalia Herne is located in the castle park . It is the largest sports facility in the city. The Baukaus school center with its gyms is home to the Baukau gymnastics club, among others . The association was founded in 1879. The tennis club Emschertal Herne has its tennis facility on Forellstrasse.

Personalities

  • Karl Rembert (1868–1966), high school teacher, local history specialist and museum director in Krefeld

Web links

Commons : Baukau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wolfgang Viehweger: Baukau in the Emscherniederung. Online portal Herner Netz, http://www.herner-netz.de/Baukau-Emscherniederung-020905/baukau-emscherniederung-020905.html straight-line | date = 2018-03 | archivebot = 2018-03-31 20:56 : 21 InternetArchiveBot | url = http: //www.herner-netz.de/Baukau-Emscherniederung-020905/baukau-emscherniederung-020905.html}} (26 Sep 2005)
  2. ↑ Manfred Hildebrandt (arrangement): Herne - from Ackerstraße to Zur-Nieden-Straße: City history in the mirror of street names. Publications of the Herne City Archives. Vol. 1, Ed .: City of Herne, The Lord Mayor, Herne 1997; Entry: Baukauer Strasse
  3. ↑ Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 212 .
  4. ↑ District profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Population in the statistical districts as a whole , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  5. ↑ a b c d District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of the population under 18 years of age , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  6. ↑ a b c d District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of the population aged 65 and over , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  7. ↑ a b c d District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of foreigners , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  8. ↑ a b c d District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Share of unemployed in the working population (June 30, 2018) , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).


Coordinates: 51 ° 33 '  N , 7 ° 12'  E