Herne-Eickel

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Eickel
City of Herne
Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 49 ″  N , 7 ° 10 ′ 38 ″  E
Height : approx. 60 m
Residents : 10,144  (2018)
Incorporation : April 1, 1926
Incorporated into: Wanne-Eickel
Postcodes : 44651, 44652
Area code : 02325

Eickel is a district of Herne in the same municipality Eickel.

geography

Eickel is located in the Ruhr area , naturally in the transition from the Westenhellweg to the southern Emscherland . The terrain rises to around 62 m above sea level .

Neighboring districts

Eickel borders the Wanne-Süd district in the north and northeast, and the Röhlinghausen district in the west . Eickel also borders the city of Bochum , the Hordel district in the south and the Hofstede district in the southeast.

history

The coat of arms of the Knights of Eickel has been documented since 1275
Main street in Eickel with the Johanneskirche , 2010
Houses on Eickeler Markt, on the right the building of the former Hülsmann brewery, 2010
Protestant Johanneskirche in Eickel, 2010
Volkspark Eickel, in the background the Parkhaus restaurant, 2010

Fabled the early medieval mention Eickels than e CLO . Eickel is called secured for the high Middle Ages. A document, dated to the year 1085, claims the ownership of the Oberhof Eycklo, i.e. Eickel, by the Benedictine monastery of St. Pantaleon in Cologne. The document is probably a forgery from the middle of the 12th century, which was common practice at that time to document claims that were not recorded in writing. Before 1190, Wessel von Strünkede held the bailiwick for St. Pantaleon through their Oberhof Eickel. In 1225 Heinrich von Eickel administered the Schultenhof for Count Friedrich von Isenberg in his capacity as bailiff.

At the beginning of the 14th century the first church was named for Eickel. In the Schatboick in Mark of 1486, 36 court names were listed as taxable for Ekell in the Nederampt van Bouckhem, i.e. in the Niederamt Bochum. In 1690 the Lords of Strünkede zur Dorneburg received jurisdiction over the village of Eickel, the farmers Bickern and Holsterhausen, as well as over some people and goods in Röhlinghausen as compensation for land losses on the Lower Rhine near Mehrum .

In 1808 Eickel belonged to Mairie Herne during the Napoleonic period . From this the mayor's office of Herne emerged, and finally the Herne office. The Prussian community Eickel was united with the communities Bickern , Crange , Holsterhausen and Röhlinghausen on August 1, 1875 to form the Wanne district in the Bochum district . Before that, all of the municipalities united in the Wanne Office belonged to the Herne Office.

In 1872 the shaft was 2 of the Hannibal colliery in Eickel drilled Service. In 1876 coal production could begin. A colliery colony was established in Eickel for the Hanover colliery in 1874. In 1869 Heinrich Hülsmann had a massive brewery built for his brewery in Eickel with a brewhouse for steam boiling. The company, whose history can be traced back locally to 1692, benefited from the economic boom of the late 19th century. Eickel also received a rail connection. The Hordel-Eickel station was on the route from Bochum to Wanne.

With rapid industrialization in the second half of the 19th century, the communities grew considerably. In 1885 the Wanne office became part of the new Gelsenkirchen district. In 1891 the Wanne office was divided, the new Eickel office was created with the communities of Eickel and Holsterhausen. The municipalities of Wanne (formerly Bickern), Crange and Röhlinghausen remained in the Wanne office. In 1895 the parish village of Eickel had 8,825 inhabitants, the Holsterhausen farmers counted 3,175. On April 1, 1910, Holsterhausen was incorporated into Eickel. The Eickel office then consisted of only one community.

In 1913 the coal production of the Eickeler shaft of the Hannibal colliery reached 983,000 tons. 3570 miners were employed for this. In 1926 the production there was shut down, but shaft 2 was still used for ventilation for the Hannibal 1/3 shafts.

On April 1, 1926, the two offices of Wanne and Eickel were combined to form the independent city of Wanne-Eickel . Smaller areas were reclassified to Herne (47 ha) and Bochum (9 ha). During the Second World War , the twin cities were badly damaged by Allied bombing raids. After the Second World War, the population continued to grow, so that Wanne-Eickel became a major city in 1955 , when it had 100,000 inhabitants . But Wanne-Eickel could not even exist as an independent town for five decades. In order to avoid the threat of incorporation into Bochum as part of a municipal reform , the council of Wanne-Eickel decided to merge with the neighboring town of Herne, which was roughly the same size. The state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia followed this request in the Ruhr Area Law and so on January 1, 1975 the new city of Herne was created, in which four new city districts were formed. One of these is today's Eickel district, to which the Eickel district belongs.

statistics

As of December 31, 2018, 10,144 people lived in the Eickel district, 7,501 of them in the statistical district of Eickel-Kern and 2,643 in the statistical district of Hanover.

Eickel core

Structure of the population in the statistical district Eickel-Kern in 2018:

  • Minor quota: 12.4% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Old age quota: 31.0% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 11.7% (Herne average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 6.0% (Herner average: 8.2%)

Hanover

Structure of the population in the statistical district of Hanover in 2018:

  • Minor rate: 14.5% (Herner average: 15.9%)
  • Elderly rate: 20.5% (Herner average: 21.7%)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 8.1% (Herner average: 17.9%)
  • Unemployment rate: 6.0% (Herner average: 8.2%)

traffic

Transportation

Eickel is conveniently located. The district is well connected to the public transport network by the city buses operated by the Herne – Castrop-Rauxel GmbH tram and the 306 Wanne-Eickel Hbf – Bochum Hbf operated by Bochum-Gelsenkirchener Straßenbahnen AG . The local transport companies are united in the VRR . The next rail connection is Wanne-Eickel Hauptbahnhof . This largest train station in Herne is in the area of ​​the Wanne district, on the border of the Eickel and Wanne districts. The Deutsche Bahn AG planned to rename the station in Herne-Wanne.

Road traffic

The closest motorway entrance is the Herne-Eickel junction on the A 43 . In the south, in the Hamme district of Bochum , there is a motorway access to the A 40 . Federal road 226 runs east of the district .

Eickel in literature

The poem Homecoming by Fred Endrikat contains reminiscences of his childhood and youth in Eickel and the Volkspark there. The artist and writer Thomas Kapielski processed the impressions of his vacation in Eickel in his book Weltgunst. Memories 2002 to summer 2004 .

Well-known Eickeler

Individual evidence

  1. Population figures in the statistical districts on December 31, 2018 (PDF)
  2. a b Stephanie Reekers: The regional development of the districts and communities of Westphalia 1817-1967 . Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1977, ISBN 3-402-05875-8 , p. 229 and 291 .
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 329 .
  4. District profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Population in the statistical districts as a whole , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  5. a b District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of the population under 18 years , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  6. a b District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of the population aged 65 and over , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  7. a b District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Proportion of foreigners , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  8. a b District Profiles Herne - Statistical Districts 2018: Unemployment rate in the working population (June 30, 2018) , City of Herne (PDF, 6.4 MB).
  9. Fred Endrikat: Homecoming. In: Das große Endrikat book , Goldmann Verlag, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-442-09168-3 , pp. 82-83.
  10. ^ Thomas Kapielski: Weltgunst. Memoirs 2002 to summer 2004. Zweiausendeins, Frankfurt am Main 2006, ISBN 3-86150-771-4 , p. 39 and p. 85–91.

Web links

history