Rüdt von Collenberg

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Coat of arms of the barons Rüdt von Collenberg

Rüdt von Collenberg is the name of a later imperial Frankish noble family who had their seat in Collenberg from the 13th century . It has appeared under the name de Amorbach since 1197 . The family line begins in 1222 with Wipertus de Amorbach, whose sons and grandsons are nicknamed “ dictus Ruede ”. The family continues to this day.

ancestry

After the family chronicle of the lords of Rüdt Collenberg lived their ancestors, after all, what is known about when tax-exempt free farmers in Gau Wingarteiba and performed in the imperial armies Services tab. The merits gained in this way were rewarded through additional land ownership and the granting of various rights and sources of income. A Count Ruodi mentioned in 793 in the Lorsch Codex , who donated fallow land to the Lorsch Monastery in Dallau for the salvation of his soul , should possibly be attributed to the family. In the period that followed, the name Rüd appeared with increasing frequency as a participant in tournaments and as a witness on certificates.

About Rüd, Rüde, Rüdde, Rüdin, Rüden, Latin: Rud, Rude, Rudde, Rudo, Rudi, Ruden, the name later developed into today's Rüdt.

There are two legends about the origin of names and coats of arms, the statements of which agree that newborn boys of the Knight of Collenberg were supposed to be drowned as males in the Main, but were saved by the returning father and since then have had the name Rüd von Collenberg and the Rüdenkopf in the coat of arms .

history

Rüdenhof in Amorbach (so-called Templerhaus )

The headquarters of the extensive family of the Rüdt is from about 1250 Amorbach where the dogs than Burgmannen the Benedictine Amorbach a Burgmannshof , the Rüdenhof , they built around 1290 in the still preserved as a typical feasts house conversions. Since the 18th century, the Rüdenhof has been mistakenly known as the Templar House , although it never belonged to the Templar Order.

A branch settled in Rüdenau near Kleinheubach, where the knight Wipert Rüd von Rüdenau is mentioned in a document in 1285. The Rüd family had the valley cleared and vineyards planted here.

Ruins of the Collenburg

As early as 1250, the same Wipertus male de Rüdenau received the Collenburg from the Teutonic Order of Fief and Heritage . He also built Bödigheim Castle and at the time of his death in 1306 he called himself Wipertus von Bödigheim. Wipertus is considered to be the progenitor of Rüdt von Bödigheim and Rüdt von Collenberg . The latter designation was used as the name for both lines in the following years.

Wipertus Rude de Rudenau (Weiprecht Rüd von Rüdenau ) had extensive possessions on the Main between Miltenberg and Wertheim and in the Walldürn , Buchen and Amorbach area. In 1285 Weiprecht donated part of Gönz's tithe to the Amorbach monastery . In return, he allowed the abbot of the monastery in Bödigheim and the Bishop of Wurzburg Berthold II. Von Sternberg , the castle Bödigheim with Chapel building (on the site of today's castle Bödigheim ). This permission was notarized by those involved and some witnesses. The Bödigheim village church, which had fallen into disrepair due to lack of money, was also repaired by Weiprecht. In addition, he acquired a Fronhof with Vogtei in Bödigheim from the Amorbach Monastery in exchange for possessions in Gönz and Weckbach. The newly built castle had two houses, each inhabited by a branch of the family, which from then on bore the name "Rüdt von Bödigheim". In the 14th and 15th centuries, both branches provided Mainz bailiffs and Burgmanns at Wildenberg Castle .

The Swabian Federation destroyed Wachbach Castle in 1523 , the owners of which came from the Rüdt von Collenberg family as supporters of Hans Thomas von Absberg . The war correspondent Hans hiking iron has to approach the punitive expedition of the Federation a series of woodcuts made, see hiking iron woodcuts of 1523 .

The Collenburg 1625

The line of the Rüdt von Collenberg auf der Collenburg acquired the allod Fechenbach and Reistenhausen in 1450 and converted it to knighthood for which they were confirmed to be imperial direct in 1541. The Archbishopric of Mainz became the new liege lord of the Collenburg around 1500 instead of the Teutonic Order . However, the line based on the Collenburg died out in 1635 in the male line and the ore monastery withdrew the fief.

Bödigheim Castle
Bödigheim Castle and Palace

In 1595 it is known that Bödigheim Castle was expanded to include a barn in the forecourt by Hans Rüdt. Three years later he added another house to the castle. Hans died of an injury in 1601 at the age of 36. His son Wolf Albrecht had to flee to Frankfurt during the Thirty Years' War . On his return he found his castle and forecourt plundered and largely destroyed. He died during a visit to Adelsheim in 1644 and was buried there. His only four-year-old son Johann Ernst was sent by his mother Ann Maria, née von der Haydt, to the Count in Wertheim, whom he accompanied to Holland, while his mother managed the property with skill.

After completing his studies, Johann Ernst returned in 1662 and at the age of 22 took over the management and reconstruction of his estates. He is the progenitor of all males living today and was able to expand his property despite the difficult circumstances. He later became a knight captain of the knight canton of Odenwald . He had 13 children with his wife Anna Christine, née von Adelsheim. However, only two sons and two daughters reached adulthood. Two other daughters drowned together with his wife during a trip to Adelsheim in the floods of the Seckach, which was swollen by heavy rain, and were buried in Adelsheim. His eldest son, Wolf Ernst, took over the business in 1712.

From 1722 a baroque palace complex with a park was built below the old castle. Bödigheim has been owned by the Baron Rüdt von Collenberg family since 1286; a company under civil law manages the facility. In the 1990s, extensive repairs were carried out and apartments were built into the two castles. The castle area was redesigned for residential purposes between 2003 and 2005.

coat of arms

Coat of arms according to Scheibler's book of arms

Early coat of arms of Wipertus sen. Rüdt: Crossbar on a shield covered with crosses.

Since 1306: In red head and neck of a silver male with a black spiked collar; on the helmet with red and silver covers the shield image.

Known family members

literature

  • Adolf Freiherr Rüdt von Collenberg: The Rüdt von Collenberg family. Self-published, Buchen 1985.
  • Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility Volume 65, 1977.
  • Genealogical Handbook of Nobility Volume 125, 2001, Adelslexikon .
  • Alfred F. Wolfert: Groups of coats of arms of the nobility in the Odenwald-Spessart area. In: Winfried Wackerfuß (Ed.): Contributions to the exploration of the Odenwald and its peripheral landscapes II. Festschrift for Hans H. Weber. Breuberg-Neustadt 1977, pp. 325-406, here p. 364f.

Web links

Commons : Rüdt von Collenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 4), Certificate 2811 February 14, 793 - Reg. 2418. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 237 , accessed on June 14, 2019 .
  2. ^ Fritz Vigener: Regests of the Archbishops of Mainz from 1289 to 1396 . Ed .: Goswin Frhr. von der Ropp . tape 1 (1354-1371) - Dept. 2. (1354-1396). Veit, Leipzig 1913, DNB  367789485 , p. 174, 206 .
  3. ^ Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt in connection with the Historisches Verein für Hessen (Hrsg.): Archive for Hessian history and antiquity . NF 7. Historical Association for Hesse, 1910, ISSN  0066-636X , p. 520 .
  4. ↑ Ludwig Bechstein : Legends from German lands . ISBN 3-89555-144-9 . P. 430f.
  5. ↑ Der Odenwald , Zeitschrift des Breuberg-Bund, 40th year. Issue 2 / June 1993, p. 79 ff
  6. ↑ Community portrait, the history of the Kollenburg. Collenberg parish, accessed on June 14, 2019 .