Duchy of Steinau

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The Duchy of Steinau (Polish : Księstwo ścinawskie ; Czech : Stínavské knížectví ) was initially an independent part of the Duchy of Glogau from 1274 . It was separated from him several times, reunited with him and at times also belonged to other Silesian duchies . In 1675 it fell into the direct possession of the Crown of Bohemia as a settled fiefdom . The place of residence was the eponymous town of Steinau (today Ścinawa in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland).

history

The partial duchy of Steinau was created in 1274 when the Duchy of Glogau was divided under the sons of Duke Konrad II of Glogau . Steinau and Sprottau fell to Duke Primislaus / Primko I. After his death in 1289, the older brother Heinrich III received it . who in turn linked it to the Duchy of Glogau. Steinau was acquired for a short time by the Breslau Duke Heinrich IV , and after his death in 1290 it was returned to Glogau in 1291. From this it was again separated when the five sons of Duke Heinrich III. after his death in 1312 the Duchy of Glogau split into two parts. Steinau fell together with Sagan and part of Posen to the brothers Johann , Heinrich IV. And Primislaus II. In a further division, Duke Johann received the now independent Duchy of Steinau in 1318. In 1329 he went together with the Lower Silesian dukes of Liegnitz , Sagan , Oels and Brieg voluntarily into Bohemian fiefdom, which was recognized in 1335 with the Treaty of Trenčín .

On the occasion of a visit to Prague, Duke Johann signed a contract with the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg on January 29, 1336 , according to which he would receive the Duchy of Steinau in exchange for the lifelong use of half of Glogau after John's death. However, because of the protests of his brothers, this contract was not concluded. In order to prevent further pledges and sales, Johann's brothers Heinrich IV and Konrad I acquired the Duchy of Steinau in 1337, granting it lifelong use there. Presumably after the death of Duke Heinrich IV, Steinau passed to his son Heinrich V. After his death in 1369, Duke Przemislaus I from Cieszyn received one half of Steinau for loyal services from King Wenzel , the other half inherited from Heinrich V's son Heinrich VII Half of this went to Duke Konrad II of Oels in 1394 , who in 1397 or 1404 also got the second half. After that, Steinau was initially associated with the Duchy of Oels. As part of the inheritance of 1413 Steinau was under the Oels dukes Conrad VI. "Dechant" († 1427) and Konrad VIII. "The boy" († 1444/47) again independently. In 1489 Duke Konrad X. “the young white” had to transfer it to King Matthias Corvinus , who handed it over to his captain Georg von Stein . After the death of King Matthias in 1490 it received Duke Konrad X. back, but died in 1492. With him went the Oelser line of Glogau branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty, which Steinau as a completed fief to the crown of Bohemia home fell . 1495 transferred it to the Czech King Vladislav II. Along with the Oels Ziębice Duke Heinrich d. Ä. After his death in 1498, Steinau came to the Dukes of Brieg and Liegnitz and later to the Duchy of Wohlau at the beginning of the 15th century . With this together Steinau fell with the death of Duke Georg Wilhelm I in 1675 as a settled fief in the direct possession of the Crown of Bohemia. Along with almost all of Silesia it fell in 1742 after the First Silesian War on Prussia . In 1807 it was dissolved as part of the Prussian administrative reforms.

literature

Web links

Commons : Dukes of Steinau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The year is given in the sources contradictingly.