In the park of Villa Borghese
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| In the park of Villa Borghese |
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| Oswald Achenbach , 1886 |
| Oil on canvas |
| 122 × 151 cm |
| Museum of Art Palace |
In the park of Villa Borghese is the title of a landscape and genre painting by Oswald Achenbach . It was created in Düsseldorf until 1886 . As one of the main works of the Düsseldorf School of Painting , it is now exhibited in the Museum Kunstpalast .
description
The 122 cm high and 151 cm wide oil painting shows a part in the park of Villa Borghese in Rome . The left edge of the picture cuts into the Casino nobile building . This building houses the art collection founded by Cardinal Scipione Caffarelli Borghese , which, along with the surrounding park, is a popular tourist destination in the Italian capital. The picture shows as figures staffage different groups of people from the second half of the 19th century, posing as tourists approach or as local visitors to the museum or in the vicinity stroll . A baroque balustrade , into which stone benches are embedded, leads from the right edge of the picture to the statue of an ancient male figure who raises her right arm into the evening sky , which is gradually rising in the late afternoon . As a diagonal design element, this balustrade separates the foreground of a meadow from the background of a dark, monumental tree backdrop and guides the viewer's eye to the vanishing point on the horizon, which is blurred to the right of the Casino nobile in the depths of the green hilly landscape. The warm light of the setting sun primarily captures the part of the balustrade in the center of the picture, in particular two children dressed in summer who are playing with a tire in the grass in front of her , while a group of Catholic clergy clad in cassocks , lying next to one in the shade The bench has almost disappeared into the earth colors of its surroundings. A young Roman family at the bottom of the picture stands out through the colored accents of their national costume. The left part of the image center, various characters are grouped by their elegant clothes as members of the upper middle classes appear, possibly members of the educated middle class who are to a holiday in the "Eternal City". The people who let liveried coachmen drive them out of the grounds on Viale dell'Uccellieria in a Landau could be citizens of the world or nobles .
Origin, meaning and provenance
On his sixth and last trip to Italy, which took place in 1882, Oswald Achenbach , professor of landscape painting at the Düsseldorf Art Academy from 1863 to 1872 and since then a freelance landscape painter who has lived in Düsseldorf, also visited the Villa Borghese. For some time now, his preferred motifs have included the public spaces in front of famous monuments , cityscapes and landscapes of Italy, as well as the people moving there.
On various sketches, of which the Museum Kunstpalast was able to acquire an oil sketch in 2006, the painter recorded his impressions as snapshots on site. In his Düsseldorf studio he combined them in a painting completed in 1886 to create a well thought-out composition . The fact that he did not completely depict the building of the Casino Nobile and some of the figures, but cut them as in snapshot photography, shows a fundamentally new artistic approach to the selection of the image section and the image composition, which was influenced by the emergence of photography in the 19th century and serves to emphasize the fleetingness of the moment represented. Like Achenbach's other Italian paintings, this painting shows a stage-like structure in which it is not a question of the precise representation of architecture and people, but of the representation of a typology of people, their customs and habits, as well as a certain atmosphere and mood in a landscape or urban landscape . He achieved the latter by emphasizing the light mood, here the evening light in its interplay of light and shadow, through an open painting fracture and through the seeming arbitrariness of the motif, which Achenbach's exploration of Impressionism shows (Kathrin DuBois).
Shortly after its completion, the picture was bought by the association for the establishment of a picture gallery . Today it is in the collection of the Museum Kunstpalast with the inventory number M 4004 .
Reception, exhibition history
Right from the start, the painting, which, like many of his other often panoramic pictures of Italy , served the longing for Italy and the need for representation of affluent art lovers and which, through the representation of a villa in the park, met the ideal of many viewers, was a great public and sales success for the "enterprising artist entrepreneur" Oswald Achenbach. In 1889 Achenbach produced another version of the painting measuring 120 × 150 cm, which is now in a private collection, and in 1892 a version for Fritz Andreae . Eugen Grünert made a copy of the picture in 1889. On behalf of the Kölnischer Kunstverein , Carl Ernst Forberg made an etching in the format 47.4 × 56.7 cm in 1894 .
In the Academy of Arts in Berlin the picture in 1886 was presented. From 1888 to 1901 it was exhibited by the art association for the Rhineland and Westphalia and the municipal collection of paintings in the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf . In 1948 it came to the Museum Kunstpalast am Ehrenhof . In 1979 it was loaned to an exhibition at Mathildenhöhe in Darmstadt as a major work of the Düsseldorf School of Painting . Further stations included the Künstlerhaus Wien (1984), Moscow and Leningrad (1986), Osaka (1989) and the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles (2007).
literature
- Irene Markowitz : The Düsseldorf School of Painting . Catalog of the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 1969, p. 36 f.
- Wend von Kalnein : The Düsseldorf School of Painting . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1979, ISBN 3-8053-0409-9 , p. 253 f. (Catalog No. 16).
- Kathrin DuBois: In the park of the Villa Borghese, 1886. In: Bettina Baumgärtel (Ed.): The Düsseldorf School of Painting and its international impact 1819–1918 . Volume 2, Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-702-9 , p. 390 (catalog no.330).
Web links
- In the Park of the Villa Borghese , website in the google.com portal
Individual evidence
- ^ Friedrich von Boetticher : Painters works of the nineteenth century. Contribution to art history . Volume 1, Dresden 1891, p. 10 (digitized version)
- ↑ mapping of the oil sketch in the portal artnet .com , accessed on January 15, 2018