Lindau (island)

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Lindau
The island of Lindau from the west
The island of Lindau from the west
Waters Obersee , Lake Constance
Geographical location 47 ° 32 '44 "  N , 9 ° 40' 58"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 32 '44 "  N , 9 ° 40' 58"  E
Lindau (island) (Bavaria)
Lindau (island)
length 1.3 km
width 666 m
surface 68 ha
Highest elevation Stiftsplatz
402  m above sea level NHN
Residents 3000
4412 inhabitants / km²
main place Island (district)
Location of the island in the urban area of ​​Lindau
Location of the island in the urban area of ​​Lindau
Maximilianstrasse

On the island of Lindau in the eastern part of Lake Constance is the old town of the Bavarian district town Lindau , which occupies the larger eastern part of the island. The island of Lindau, which comprises two percent of the total city in terms of area and twelve percent in terms of population, forms one of the ten administrative districts of the city of Lindau. The district is simply called an island .

history

Today's island of Lindau was originally formed from three separate islands that were formed from a moraine of the Rhine glacier :

  1. Front island or mainland , with the old town of Lindau east of the historic city wall by running there moat from the rear island separated
  2. Rear island west of the former city moat and today's train station and the tracks
  3. Römerschanze or Auf Burg , the smallest of the former islands, in front of the later harbor on the south side

The three islands can be identified separately on the map from 1650 and also in remnants from that of 1822 (long before the construction of the railway, which went into operation in 1854):

  • Map of the island of Lindau from 1650, shows the siege of 1647

  • Map of the island of Lindau from 1822

Even in 1831 it is still said: The small town of Lindau is located on three islands in Lake Constance connected by bridges ...

The further history of the island of Lindau is inextricably linked with the history of the city of Lindau .

geography

The island of Lindau currently has around 3,000 inhabitants on an area of ​​68 hectares (0.68 km²). The last official population comes from the census of May 25, 1987 and was 2755. This makes Lindau the second largest island in Lake Constance , after Reichenau , in terms of area and population . For centuries, Lindau was in first place in terms of population and only gave it to Reichenau, which is six times as large and rural at the other end of the lake, in the late 1980s after population losses in the old town. At the 1970 census the population of the island was 4413, in 1904 it was 5853.

The island is separated from the Lindau district of Aeschach on the mainland by the small lake . The small lake is bounded by the 150 meter long Landtorbrücke , over which the Chelles-Allee runs, in the east and by the Lindauer Bodenseedamm in the west and occupies an area of ​​around 20 hectares. There has been a bridge at this point since the 13th century, whereas the railway embankment was built in the 19th century. The railway embankment has four tracks and also has a much-used bicycle and pedestrian path on the eastern edge. It has two bridges over passages for boats. The line from Aeschach to the island of Lindau across the dam was put into operation on March 1, 1854 as the last section of the Ludwig-Süd-Nord-Bahn , today's Allgäu Railway .

The listed old town of Lindau occupies the large eastern part of the island of Lindau. In the center is Maximilianstrasse with the two gable fronts of the town hall on Reichsplatz. Parallel to the main street called Maximilianstraße, Ludwigstraße runs in the south and Grub in the north . Both streets can still be seen from their curved course, the development within the medieval city wall of the island. A smaller, formerly separate, rear island lies to the west of the historic city wall and the filled-in city moat. This rear part of the island was enlarged by a good four hectares in 1970 through the filling of a lake area between the Powder Hill and the Sternschanze and now takes up around one sixth of the island's area with eleven hectares. There is also the Bodensee Clinic of the ENT doctor and Werner Mang, who works in aesthetic surgery . The westernmost point of the entire island is marked by the powder tower built in 1508 and the former Luitpold barracks built there in 1902/03 . A Bavarian State Garden Show will be held there in 2021 in order to beautify the future residential area.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eugen von Tröltsch: The pile dwellings of the Lake Constance area. Enke, Stuttgart 1902, p. 233.
  2. ↑ New picture gallery for the youth. Gotha 1831, volume 6, p. 43: plate 48 Lindau.
  3. ↑ Wolfgang Hartung: The beginnings of the Lindau women's monastery. In: Uwe Ludwig and Thomas Schilp (ed.): Nomen et Fraternitas. Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-020238-0 , pp. 699–717, here p. 717. ( Preview in Google book search)
  4. ↑ Planning for the core area of ​​the State Garden Show on the Städt. Homepage

Web links

Commons : Lindau (Insel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Hans Gasser: Großer Bahnhof , article in the Süddeutsche Zeitung of September 30, 2015