János Simor
János Simor (born August 23, 1813 in Székesfehérvár , Hungary ; † January 23, 1891 in Balatonfüred ) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church , Archbishop of Esztergom and Prince Primate of Hungary .
Life
János (Johann) Simor was born on August 23, 1813 as the fifth child of a craft family. First he attended the grammar school in his hometown and then switched to the "Emericanum" college in Pressburg . This was followed by studies in theology at the seminaries in Trnava and Vienna .
Pastor and Scholar
On October 28, 1836, Simor was ordained a priest and was then chaplain , religious teacher and student chaplain in Budapest . At the local theological faculty he received his doctorate in theology on December 8, 1841. 1846 appointed him Primate József Kopácsy to Professor of dogmatic theology at the seminary to Esztergom and in 1850 he received the position of a professor of canon law in Vienna.
The way to the cardinal
Due to his diplomatic services, which he had earned in Vienna, and his high level of fame, Emperor Franz Joseph I appointed him Bishop of Győr , Pope Pius IX on February 17, 1857 . confirmed him on March 19, 1857. He was ordained bishop on June 29, 1857 in the Esztergom Cathedral by Cardinal János Scitovszky , Archbishop of Esztergom and Primate of Hungary; Co- consecrators were Ágoston Roskoványi , Bishop of Vác , and Emeric Farkas , Bishop of Székesfehérvár . For the same reason as before, the emperor appointed him Archbishop of Esztergom on January 20, 1867. The Pope confirmed him on February 22nd of the same year and made him cardinal on December 22nd, 1873.
On June 7, 1867, János Simor - in his capacity as Prince Primate of Hungary - crowned Emperor Franz Joseph I and his wife Elisabeth as Apostolic Kings of Hungary in the Matthias Church in Ofen .
Cardinal priest
On June 15, 1874 János Simor was from Pius IX. appointed cardinal priest with the titular church of San Bartolomeo all'Isola . He was a participant in the First Vatican Council (1869-1870), where he was one of the oppositional bishops who were critical of the Pope's dogma of infallibility ( Papal Bull Pastor Aeternus ), but later he defended this dogma with vigor. In 1878 he took part in the conclave for the election of Pope Leo XIII. part. He was a priest for over 54 years, including 33 years as a bishop and 17 years as a cardinal.
The Archbishop's Simor Library
The founding of the Simor library goes back to Archbishop János Simor. During his time as Diocesan Bishop of Győr he had built up a large private collection of books and brought them with him to Esztergom. When the library rooms in the Archbishop's Palace were completed in 1883 , the private collection and the archbishop's library were housed there in separate departments. The library owes its heyday to János Simor, who collected 40,000 volumes through purchases and gifts. He collected from the parish councils those works that he considered valuable for his library. He also got copies from the duplicate holdings of Hungarian libraries. The Archbishop's library was in the aftermath of the books of the later archbishops Kolos Ferenc Vaszary (1891-1913), János Csernoch (1912-1927), Jusztinián György Serédi (1927-1945), József Mindszenty (1945-1973), László Lékai ( 1976–1986).
literature
- E. Gianone, H. Reitterer: Simor János. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 12, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2001–2005, ISBN 3-7001-3580-7 , p. 289.
- Gabriel Adriányi: Simor, János. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 10, Bautz, Herzberg 1995, ISBN 3-88309-062-X , Sp. 476-478.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Simor, Johann . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 34th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1877, pp. 344–346 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Simor, Janos. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed August 16, 2016.
- Entry on János Simor on catholic-hierarchy.org ; accessed on August 16, 2016.
Individual evidence
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| János Kritel Cardinal Scitovszky |
Archbishop of Gran 1867-1891 |
Kolos Ferenc Cardinal Vaszary |
| János Kritel Cardinal Scitovszky |
Primate of Hungary 1867-1891 |
Kolos Ferenc Cardinal Vaszary |
| Anton (Antal) Karner |
Bishop of Győr 1857–1867 |
János Zalka |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Simor, Janos |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Simor, János Cardinal (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Hungarian clergyman, cardinal and archbishop |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 23, 1813 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Székesfehérvár , Hungary |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 23, 1891 |
| Place of death | Balatonfüred |