Jewish community Freudenberg (Baden)

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The Jewish community in Freudenberg in the Main-Tauber district in Baden-Württemberg , was founded in the Middle Ages and after an interruption again in the 16th and 17th. Century. It existed until the time of National Socialism .

history

Drawing of the synagogue in Freudenberg, created in 1891 by Heinrich Wießler

There was a Jewish community in Freudenberg since the Middle Ages, which was wiped out during the persecution of Jews in 1298. As early as 1442, Jews were mentioned again in the village. In the 16./17. In the 19th century, a modern Jewish community emerged in Freudenberg.

The Freudenberg Jewish community owned the Freudenberg synagogue , a religious school and a ritual bath . The dead of the Jewish community in Freudenberg were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Reistenhausen (community of Collenberg ). A separate religion teacher was employed, who was also active as a prayer leader and schochet . Since 1827 the Jewish community Freudenberg belonged to the district rabbinate Wertheim . The Freudenberg synagogue was demolished during the November pogroms in 1938 .

The Torah scroll of the Freudenberg synagogue was found among the junk by a Freudenberg citizen in 1938 when the Nazis demolished the synagogue. He hides the gate roll in his barn, later in a remote corner of the town hall. It was found there by chance in 1978 by the headmaster at the time. On October 18, 1983, the Torah scroll was deposited in the holy cupboard of the house of prayer in Kedumim, Israel, about 50 kilometers north of Jerusalem. The Freudenberger Torah scroll is made of pure parchment, written on by hand with a quill pen. The leaves were sewn together with animal glue and animal vision. The writing value was around 20,000 DM, the ideal value is priceless.

On October 22, 1940, the last eight Jewish residents of Freudenberg were deported to the Gurs concentration camp .

Of the Jewish people who were born in Freudenberg or who lived in Freudenberg for a long time, the following people can be shown to have died during the National Socialist era : Theresia Bergmann geb. Bergmann (1853), Regina Bravmann b. Heimann (1878), Minna [Mina] Kahn b. Sommer (1865), Benno Levy (1897), Emilie Levy b. Rothschild (1895), Ilse Levy (1925), Babette Reis b. Sommer (1873), Isak Reis (1902), Jeanette Reis (1901), Leopold Reis (1903), Klara Rothschild b. Heimann (1871), Rosa Schütz b. Sommer (1860), Minna (Mina) Simon b. Kahn (1862), Abraham Sommer (1867), Ferdinand Sommer (1877), Hedwig Sommer born. Hely (1895), Isidor Sommer (1902), Josef Sommer (1861), Ludwig Sommer (1897), Max Sommer (1894), Nanette Sommer (1891), Nathan Sommer (1872), Regina Sommer (1862), Getta Steinhardt b . Sommer (1883), Berta Stern b. Sommer (1881) and Karoline Strauss b. Heimann (1875).

literature

  • Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online version ).

Web links

Commons : Jüdische Gemeinde Freudenberg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Alemannia Judaica: Freudenberg (Main-Tauber-Kreis) Jewish history / prayer hall / synagogue . Online at www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  2. ↑ Information based on the lists from Yad Vashem, Jerusalem.
  3. ↑ Information from the memorial book - Victims of the persecution of the Jews under the Nazi tyranny in Germany 1933–1945.