Weikersheim Jewish Community

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Former synagogue at Wilhelmstrasse 16

The Jewish community in Weikersheim already existed in the Middle Ages (with interruptions due to the persecution of Jews) and in modern times from the 17th century until the time of National Socialism .

history

A Jewish community already existed in Weikersheim in the Middle Ages, but it was destroyed several times in connection with the persecution of Jews (1298, 1336/37 and 1349). In 1455 the settlement of Jews in Weikersheim was banned. The modern Jewish community emerged around 1637 and existed until the Shoah .

The interior of the synagogue today

The Jewish community in Weikersheim owned a synagogue at Wilhelmstrasse 16 , which is now used as a carpenter's workshop, a Jewish school, a ritual bath and the Weikersheim Jewish cemetery . A separate religion teacher was employed, who was also active as a prayer leader and schochet . The Weikersheim synagogue and also the synagogue in the Laudenbach district (Am Markt 3), which has been preserved as a residential building, were desecrated and devastated by SA men during the November pogrom in 1938 . Memorial plaques on both buildings remind of what happened.

From 1832 (after a new division of the Württemberg rabbinate) to 1914, Weikersheim was the seat of a district rabbinate.

Of the Jewish people who were born in Weikersheim or who lived there for a long time, the following people can be shown to have died during the National Socialist era : Jakob Ascher (1888), Meta Ascher b. Grünewald (1888), Ida Emrich b. Königsberger (1858), Siegbert Emrich (1898), Sigmund Emrich (1893), Wolf Emrich (1855), Recha Gern geb. Kahn (1885), Theodor Heilbronn (1869), Elsa Heinsfurter b. Adler (1888), Isaak Krautkopf (1877), Mina Ledermann b. Ascher (1879), Arthur Leopold (1882), Lina Marx b. Kahn (1877), Anna Mayer b. Sontheimer (1876), Rosa Moritz b. Königsberger (1892), Rosalie Ottenheimer b. Ascher (1877), Nathan Rakow (1815), Betty Rothstein b. Kahn (1871), Recha Rotschild b. Emrich (1892), Simon Gabriel Saemann (1878), Sophie Scharff b. Rosenfeld (1879), Aron Schweizer (1909), Karoline Wolf née Rosenfeld (1877), Ferdinand Wolfsheimer (1874) and Moritz Wolfsheimer (1888).

See also

literature

  • Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 3: Ochtrup - Zwittau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08079-6 ( online version ).

Web links

Commons : Weikersheim Jewish Community  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Alemannia Judaica: Weikersheim (Main-Tauber district) Jewish history / prayer room / synagogue . Online at www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
  2. ↑ Memorial sites for the victims of National Socialism. A documentation . Volume 1. Federal Agency for Civic Education, Bonn 1995, ISBN 3-89331-208-0 . P. 102
  3. ↑ Information based on the lists from Yad Vashem, Jerusalem.
  4. ↑ Information from the memorial book - Victims of the persecution of the Jews under the Nazi tyranny in Germany 1933–1945.