Angeltürn Jewish Community

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The Jewish community in Angeltürn , a district of Boxberg in the Main-Tauber district ( Baden-Württemberg ), was founded in the 18th century and existed until its dissolution on December 11, 1913. After that, individual Jews lived in the village until the time of National Socialism .

history

Angeltürn Jewish Community

There was a Jewish community in Angeltürn since the 18th century when the local rule of the Barons von Fick accepted Jewish families. In 1722 Jews were first mentioned on site. In 1801 there were eight Jewish families in Angeltürn, which together numbered 30 people. The families involved were: Salomon Löw ( cattle dealer ), Jakob Simson ( clothing dealer ), Kassel Koppel ( Schächter ), Moyses Jakob ( scrap iron dealer ), Jud Nathan (“ pocket player ”), Wolf Hirsch, Rouls Koppell and Samuels (all three brokers ). The Jewish Angeltürn families, with the exception of the von Salomon Löw family, were considered "poor as a beggar".

The Jewish community Angeltürn owned the Angeltürn synagogue , a religious school and a ritual bath . The dead of the community were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Hochhausen and in the Jewish cemetery in Unterbalbach . A separate religion teacher was temporarily employed in the 19th century, who also acted as a prayer leader. In 1827 the Jewish community of Angeltürn was assigned to the Merchingen district rabbinate .

During the First World War , a Jewish citizen of Angeltürns fell: Max Meyer. His name is on the memorial for those who died in the First World War in the Jewish cemetery in Bödigheim .

In 1933, at the beginning of National Socialist rule, three Jewish residents were still living in Angeltürn: the brothers Jakob and Wolf Hirsch Freudenberger (who had their cattle shop at Steinstrasse 19, moved to the Jewish retirement home in Gailingen on September 20, 1938 ), and Jakob Freudenberger (who died on April 17, 1940 in Friedrichsheim in Gailingen). At the age of 79, Wolf Hirsch Freudenberger was deported to Gurs concentration camp on October 22, 1940 , where he died on December 9, 1940.

Of the Jewish people who were born in Angeltürn or who lived in the village for a long time, the following people can be shown to have died during the National Socialist era : Moses Böttigheimer (1873), Wolf Böttigheimer (1869), Wolf Hirsch Freudenberger (1861), Isak (Eisig) Mayer (1868), Jakob Hermann Mayer (1870) and Janette Sommer, b. Sondheimer (1866).

Population development

Population development in the Jewish community of Angeltürn
year total Share in the total population
1826 48 19.1% of a total of 251 inhabitants
1833 56 unknown
1841 69 highest known number of people
1864 64 unknown
1871 57 19.6% of a total of 291 inhabitants
1875 46 unknown
1880 19th 8.3% of a total of 228 inhabitants
1890 13 6.4% of a total of 202 inhabitants
1900 10 4.6% of a total of 218 inhabitants
1910 10 4.6% of a total of 216 inhabitants
1933 3 1.6% of a total of 182 inhabitants

Source: The Jews in Tauberfranken 1933–1945 , State Center for Civic Education Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, 1984 / information from alemannia-judaica.de Total population Angeltürn

Angeltürn synagogue

There was a synagogue in Angeltürn since the beginning of the 19th century at the latest. At the end of the 1850s, it was in a dilapidated condition. A new synagogue was therefore built by the community in 1860 (location Steinstrasse 1). Due to the dwindling number of Jewish people in the area, the new synagogue was no longer used before 1900, before the synagogue property was auctioned off in 1913. The synagogue building was then used as a barn and stable. In 1980 it was demolished (the arched windows inside were visible to the last).

See also

literature

  • Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Alemannia Judaica: Angeltürn (City of Boxberg, Main-Tauber district) Jewish history / prayer room / synagogue . Online at www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  2. ↑ Information on the history of the Freudenberger brothers from Joachim Klose, Association for Jewish History Gailingen, online at www.alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved December 3, 2015.
  3. ↑ Information based on the lists from Yad Vashem, Jerusalem.
  4. ↑ Information from the memorial book - Victims of the persecution of the Jews under the Nazi tyranny in Germany 1933–1945.
  5. ↑ Population development Angeltürn. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved March 12, 2019 .