Jailbreak (iOS)
Jailbreak ( English for "prison break") refers to the unauthorized removal of usage restrictions on computers , the manufacturer of which has blocked certain functions as a series. The term was originally created with reference to the virtualization environment of FreeBSD . It became popular with the jailbreak of Apple mobile devices that use the iOS operating system ( iPhone , iPod touch , iPad and Apple TV ). Apple follows a strict closed-world business model, which means that in series production, only software from the company's own app store can be installed on the devices . The term rooting is used for devices with Linux or the related operating system Android . The following article only deals with iOS devices.
In the event of a jailbreak, the Apple iOS operating system is modified using appropriate software in order to obtain extended, so-called root access rights to internal functions and the file system . This is not possible in the series state of the devices. Most jailbreaking programs then install software management (mostly Cydia ) with which any software, even not approved by the manufacturer Apple, can be installed. Since iOS is based on the Unix-like Darwin operating system , the user with the jailbreak simultaneously receives administrator access to a full Unix operating system. This can be used, for example, via command line tools.
history
The first jailbreak method was announced on July 10, 2007 by the iPhone Dev Team hacking group , which has developed the most jailbreaks to date. This gap in the iPhone operating system was made usable for the first time in an easy-to-use GUI with the first jailbreaking program iBrickr . However, iBrickr's function was initially limited to installing and deleting ringtones on iPhone. With updates, this function was later integrated into iOS as standard. After the release of the iPhone software version 1.1.x, a public jailbreak and a baseband unlock were also developed for this , which led to Apple closing the security hole used for this . As a result, an interplay between the jailbreak methods found and the blocking of these points of attack by the manufacturer Apple began, who integrated this into each new operating system version.
While in the early days of iOS jailbreaking, most of the more complex jailbreaking programs were partly command line-based and still quite complicated, the process became easier and simpler over time. This led to even for unexperienced users easier to use programs for performing the jailbreak, such as QuickPWN in spring 2009 and the end of 2009 by the hacker George Hotz first ( "GeoHot") for iPhone OS 3.1 developed one-click jailbreak blackra1n , with that could jailbreak any iOS device with just one click. On August 11, 2010, Apple released iOS versions for the first time (4.0.2 for the iPhone and iPod Touch and iOS 3.2.2 for the iPad), which only closed security holes in order to prevent a jailbreak. Just one month later (September 8, 2010) a member of the Chronic Dev Team found a new security vulnerability ( SHAtter exploit ). It was the first “ boot ROM exploit” that Apple could only prevent by changing the hardware . However, this was never used because George Hotz previously published the Limera1n exploit . At the end of 2011, Apple closed the gaps in the iOS signature system with iOS 5 in order to finally prevent the downgrade to older firmware. From 2012 to the end of 2013, various jailbreaking programs were published that worked on the principle of George Hotz ' blackra1n and used a userland exploit. On May 18, 2014, the German developer Stefan Esser showed a jailbreak for iOS 7.1.1 for the first time in a post on Twitter. This jailbreak uses a bug in the kernel of iOS and was made available to the public with the Pangu software at the end of June 2014. In June 2015, the Chinese development team of the TaiG jailbreak released several jailbreak applications for different versions of iOS 8. On October 14, 2015, the first public jailbreak for iOS 9 followed, developed by the Chinese Pangu team. In February 2017, a jailbreak for iOS 10.2 was published by Luca Todesco. The latest jailbreak is available for iOS 11.0 to 13.5 (iOS 12.3-12.3.2 and 12.4.2-12.4.5 are not supported) and was developed by pwn20wnd under the name Unc0ver. All devices are supported with this jailbreak, including the iPhone XR, XS and XS Max. On November 10th, 2019 the jailbreak checkra1n was published. This uses the checkm8 boot ROM exploit and supports all devices from the iPhone 5s to the iPhone X.
distribution
The spread of the jailbreak is rather low. According to Apple, around 37 million iPhones were sold between October and December 2011. Three days after the release of the jailbreak for iOS 5.0.1, around 491,000 iPhone 4S were counted with Cydia installed, which corresponds to 1.3 percent of all iPhone 4S devices produced up to that point. According to Cydia developer Jay Freeman , around 5.15 million iOS 6.0 and 6.1 iPhones were jailbroken from February 4 to 8, 2013 , which corresponds to a share of 3.6 percent of all iPhones ever manufactured with iOS 6 can be played. Apple sold a total of over 700 million iOS devices from 2007 to 2013, of which around 23 million were jailbroken in March 2013. This corresponds to a total of 3.3 percent of all iOS devices ever produced. With around 8 million devices, the iPhone 4 was the most jailbroken device in 2013.
process
There are several ways to jailbreak the device . Mostly a PC or Mac running the jailbreaking program is required. The jailbreaking program exploits either weaknesses in the iOS operating system or design errors in the hardware. While the first jailbreaks mostly only used a hardware error and were installed in the lowest operating state of the iOS device, called DFU mode , which is actually intended for the installation of iOS , there are now both jailbreaks that are in DFU mode and those that are the at highly been run to install operating system. For this purpose, in the case of jailbreaks in DFU mode, a RAM disk is loaded into the memory , which contains a small operating system that then modifies the actual iOS system. Jailbreaks in the booted operating system use a bug directly in iOS, called a userland exploit , so that modifications can be made by the jailbreaking program from the PC. A RAM disk cannot be loaded here because the iOS operating system has already started and is thus occupying the main memory. However, there are also a few jailbreaks that take place directly on the device without using a PC or Mac , e.g. B. via the Safari browser . In contrast to weak points in the hardware, Apple can fix these userland exploits with a software update.
After a jailbreak, users are no longer tied to the App Store . You can then install applications from other providers, for example via the Cydia Package Manager, on your device. Cydia prevailed against competitors such as Installer , Icy and Rock . The ability to jailbreak a particular device depends on the firmware version and the device being used.
If the package manager Cydia is installed with a jailbreak, it usually has to be updated at the beginning. Many jailbreak programs do not load the latest version of the package manager during the jailbreak process, but instead install a version of Cydia that is current on the date the jailbreak software was released. It is common for a lot of system updates to appear, especially in the first few weeks after a new jailbreak variant has been released, making the version of Cydia supplied by the jailbreak program quickly obsolete. In addition to the update that may be required, the file system must also be prepared. The standard iOS applications are moved to a new directory. Applications from Cydia are also installed in this directory and by default cannot be found in the applications directory of the user folder.
Jailbroken iOS versions
A compatible iOS version is required for jailbreaking, as the security gaps used are often closed in subsequent versions. This overview only lists the latest builds of iOS and their jailbreak status.
| device | Apple TV 2G | Apple TV 3G | iPhone 4 | (32-bit only)
iPad 2 and newer |
(64-bit only)
iPhone 5S and newer iPad mini 2 and newer iPad Air and newer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| current iOS version | 6.2.1 / 7.1.2 (Build 11D258) | 13.4 / 13.6.1 (Build 12F69) | 7.1.2 (Build 11D257) | 10.3.3 | 13.1 |
| previous iOS versions | - | - | - | - | 12.4 |
| Public jailbreak available? | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Variations
A distinction is made between different variations of jailbreak:
- In the case of tethered jailbreaks, a connected computer is required when starting the mobile device, on which the jailbreak program supports the mobile device during the boot process . Such a jailbreak can no longer be found today, it has been replaced by the semi-tethered jailbreak.
- In the case of untethered jailbreaks, the device is able to boot alone .
- In the case of semi-tethered jailbreaks, the device can boot independently, but after that all programs that require a jailbreak are not available. In many cases, Safari cannot be used either. In order to still be able to surf the Internet, an alternative browser can be installed from the App Store.
- Jailbreaks that do not include an installation of Cydia are mostly developer versions for testing software or mini operating systems running on a RAM disk that expect commands from the PC. They do not change the operating system and are only executed in RAM. A prerequisite for this is a bootrom exploit .
- With semi-jailbreaks , some functions of a jailbreak are activated, e.g. B. the installation of certain tweaks, but without Cydia. Often these also only contain limited functionality.
Unlock
In a broader sense, a jailbreak is also a prerequisite for unbinding the SIM card to a specific telephone provider, for example Deutsche Telekom in Germany, free of charge and before the SIM lock expires, a so-called unlock, which is contractually regulated with some providers . A Unlock or the Unlocken or unlock of the iPhone is not the same as jailbreaking; iOS can be jailbroken without unlocking the SIM lock. The activation of the SIM lock is not possible with all devices; There are several methods to unlock an iPhone or iPad:
Baseband unlock
The iPhone uses a design with an application processor and a baseband processor . The application processor executes the main iOS operating system and its applications, while the baseband processor in the modem is responsible for communication with the cell phone network. The modem has its own operating system which runs parallel to iOS. In iOS, it's called modem firmware . A baseband unlock takes advantage of a programming error in the modem firmware or a hardware error in the baseband processor. With the use of new modems, Apple has closed all weaknesses that have occurred in the past, both in hardware and in software, so that no new baseband unlock has been developed since September 2010. The interest in unlocks has also decreased, as Apple now delivers most devices without a SIM lock.
NCK unlock
The device can be permanently unlocked using the network control key code. With the iPhone, this code consists of the IMEI number and many various hardware serial numbers as well as an arbitrary five-digit number. Normally, the NCK code is installed on the mobile phone via Apple in order to enable official unlocking. The “iPhone Dev Team” discovered that almost all of the code was easier to read than expected at the time. This was further developed to a permanent unlock with the SAM-Unlock (Subscriber Artificial Module) from the developer Sam Bingner. Once unlocked with SAM, iPhones theoretically remain without a SIM lock forever. In the meantime, Apple has closed the vulnerability again and some sources report that the SAM unlock can only work on devices that have already been unlocked until 2015, after which a SIM lock will be installed again on the device.
Legal unlock
Apple can activate any iPhone for all networks at will. If the unlocking of an iPhone is submitted to the network operator, the operator must show the IMEI number of the device to be unlocked to Apple. If the device has been successfully registered with Apple for unlocking by the network operator, it will be unlocked for all networks the next time you synchronize with iTunes.
Downgrade
In this context, downgrade means that the existing firmware or operating software of a device is downgraded to an older version, for example for Apple devices from iOS version 4.0 to 3.1. This is useful if the older iOS version is already jailbroken but not (yet) for the newer version. For this purpose, previously saved signature files for iOS installation, so-called SHSH blobs, are required. Well-known jailbreak developers recommend backing them up before a newer iOS version is released, as subsequent backup is not possible. SHSH blobs can only be used in devices that have the Samsung S5L8930 or an older SoC . Original iOS firmware cannot be installed with SHSH blobs ; it is necessary to create and import what is known as CFW (custom firmware), which is signed with the saved SHSH blobs. In the meantime, however, a downgrade is to be regarded as obsolete, since no CFW can be installed on devices that use newer SoCs, and due to the introduced downgrade restrictions it is not possible on all devices compatible with iOS 8. That is why securing the SHSH blobs has lost its relevance today.
System states
DFU mode
The DFU mode , short for Device Firmware Upgrade Mode is the lowest or base operating state of each iOS device. The DFU mode is integrated in the hardware and offers the possibility of installing operating systems. The device screen is switched off in DFU mode . The mode cannot be triggered by software, with the exception of specially modified firmware, which boot directly in DFU mode after installation. Up to the iPhone 3GS all iOS devices were delivered in DFU mode, iOS then had to be installed by the user himself.
Recovery mode
Recovery Mode is the recovery mode for iTunes. iTunes puts devices into recovery mode before a normal iOS update. It is therefore often confused with the DFU mode. By default, the recovery mode displays the logo of the current iTunes version. It can be activated or deactivated by changing the auto-boot variable to true or false . In contrast to DFU mode, it is software-based.
Safe mode
Safe mode is the device's safe mode. It is installed with the Cydia Substrate Safe Mode program . Safe mode protects the system from crashes caused by faulty software. If a program from Cydia does not work properly, the device is usually switched to Safe Mode and the faulty program can be uninstalled. Safe mode can be triggered manually by third-party programs or the console command killall -SEGV SpringBoard . If the volume-up button is held while the device is booting, the iOS device boots directly into safe mode. However, Substrate Safe Mode is completely deactivated, so that Exit Safe Mode is not displayed in the status bar as is usual . You can exit safe mode by changing the language or tapping the status bar.
Normal mode
Normal mode is the normal operating state of iOS after unlocking with the Slide to Unlock slider.
Respring
When respring, the user interface of iOS, the springboard is reloaded. This process is supported for changing the language of iOS without jailbreaking. If you perform a respring, Change language is shown in the display . Depending on the iOS version and the number of installed programs, a respring can take between a few seconds and around two minutes. The device cannot be operated during respring, it only shows change language on the display. After respring, all extensions from Cydia are reloaded.
Problems
Malware
Malicious software through repositories
Since the standard sources (called repositories or repos ) from Cydia as well as the AppStore are subject to censorship by the source operator, the spread of malware is a hurdle. Apps are checked and rejected if there are any concerns. Since the launch of Cydia in 2008, there have been few reports of malware from the standard sources.
With other repos that are added manually by the user, in particular repos with illegal content such as pirated copies, there is an increased risk of malware falling victim to the fact that controls are no longer applicable and all content is offered by criminals. The disappearance of other Cydia repositories, logging of user input with keyloggers , permanent advertising by adware or spying on the Apple ID are not uncommon.
SSH worms
A popular and comparatively simple way of installing malware on a jailbroken iPhone is infection via the OpenSSH SSH service , which is installed by many users . Out of convenience or ignorance, many users do not change the alpine root password set by default on iOS devices , which means that a worm with root authorization can access the iPhone via SSH and upload itself. Cydia developer Jay Freeman therefore recommends changing the root password as soon as possible. However, the condition for an infection via SSH is that an already infected device is in the same WLAN.
The iPhone worm called ikee, programmed by the 21-year-old Australian student Ashley Towns at the beginning of November 2009, became better known . It was already noted in the source text :
“Why ?: Boredom, because i found it so stupid the fact that on my initial scan of my 3G optus range i found 27 hosts running SSH daemons, i could access 26 of them with root: alpine. Doesn't anyone RTFM anymore? "
"Why ?: Boredom, because I found it so incredibly stupid that during my first scan I found 27 devices within my 3G radio cell that had SSH daemons installed, and I was able to log in to 26 of them with root: alpine . Doesn't anyone read the damn instruction manual anymore? "
Towns wanted to point out the security risk of the SSH service.
On November 22, 2009, F-Secure reported a new computer worm called Ikee.B , which was based on the principle of ikee , but exploited the vulnerability to carry out bank transactions from jailbroken iPhones.
The exact number of SSH worms cannot be precisely determined, since such a worm can be programmed quickly and easily and there is hardly any reliable information about the spread. Public WLANs always pose a greater risk of infection, as many devices are potentially registered here and the likelihood of encountering an infected device increases.
Data theft
A special RAM disk jailbreak can be used to steal data from devices. For this purpose, a jailbreak is loaded into the memory of the device in DFU mode, which then enables access to the file system via a USB-SSH connection . This method works for all iOS devices that have an A4 chip or an older CPU , regardless of the iOS version installed. There is no effective protection against this method. The device's code lock can also be bypassed because it is not queried at all. Alternatively, a brute force attack on the code lock can be started, with which it can be completely decrypted.
System stability
A jailbreak can affect the stability of the iOS system. Many programs from Cydia take up memory that is actually defined as freely available memory in the design of iOS. If too much of this memory is used by Cydia tweaks, this can cause system crashes or apps from the app store no longer run properly. A slowdown in the system can also be clearly seen. However, this can be counteracted by installing programs from the Cydia store only in moderation. If this is the case, there is no loss of performance.
Shortly after the publication of a new jailbreak, most of the programs in the Cydia store have not yet been adapted, which means that they often work incorrectly or not at all.
Fake jailbreaking programs
With the increasing popularity of the jailbreak, increasingly dubious developers are offering software that merely simulates a jailbreak and is therefore of no use to the end user. Many of these programs, some of which are offered for a fee, imitate popular jailbreaking programs or install malware on the user's computer without the user's knowledge. The programs provided by the jailbreak developers free of charge are also often sold by third parties. In addition, the spread of fake jailbreaking programs is favored by the fact that jailbreak software can usually not be obtained from obviously reliable sources.
Often, when new iOS firmware versions are released, new jailbreak programs are developed instead of further developing older jailbreaking software. One of the most popular jailbreaking programs, Redsn0w, has been obsolete since March 2013 because it can not handle iOS versions newer than 6.0.1 without caching an older firmware image. Many fake jailbreaking programs are subsequently issued as untethered jailbreak or unlock for devices and iOS versions for which there is currently no publicly accessible jailbreak.
Loss of warranty
Apple's position is that unlocking it will void the manufacturer's warranty. But this only happens if the problem with which you want to send the device in was caused by the jailbreak. However, the device can be restored to its original state via iTunes and the jailbreak removed. So far, no cases are known in Germany in which Apple has refused the guarantee in the event of a jailbreak.
reception
The jailbreak of iOS is repeatedly discussed in the media, especially IT magazines. The conclusion is not always positive. Apple itself warns of possible complications that a jailbreak can bring, other sources also report disadvantages, mainly in terms of security and system stability. According to some sources , the functions offered by software from the Cydia store are now integrated into iOS, which means that there are fewer and fewer reasons to install a jailbreak. The expiry of the manufacturer's guarantee due to a jailbreak is also often seen as negative.
Towards the end of 2013, the jailbreak came under massive criticism because an alternative Chinese app store ( TAiG ) was installed in addition to the Evasi0n7 jailbreak on devices that had set Chinese as the system language , which sometimes offered pirated apps. The providers of this app store offered a lot of money so that the software could be installed along with the jailbreak. On Twitter, there was then a Shitstorm against the creator of the jailbreak, the evad3rs who apologized below and TAIS have removed from the Evasi0n-jailbreak.
Many sources see an advantage in jailbreaking. The possibilities of installing any apps and having free access to the file system are praised. In its online edition, Die Zeit titled an article on the subject of jailbreak with “More freedom for iPad and iPhone” . The negative criticism of the jailbreak is often neutralized by such sources on the grounds that with moderate use of the jailbreak there would hardly be any problems or they could be easily remedied. The risk through a jailbreak with malware is infecting less than the rooting of Android is the case telephones only partly the security should be increased from malware by a jailbreak. When iOS 6 appeared, the jailbreak community warned that a jailbreak would offer more functions than an update to iOS 6.
Jailbreak in the BSI overview paper on iOS
The Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) cuts the jailbreak in an overview paper on iOS and warns of potential dangers that may arise. According to the BSI, a jailbreak creates numerous points of attack because many of Apple's security mechanisms are switched off and applications and users have full access to the operating system via the root account. However, root user accounts are quite common with operating systems and generally do not pose any particular risk potential - they only allow the user complete control over the operating system. The BSI also warns of the risk of data theft, which is relatively easy to carry out thanks to a jailbreak. However, creating a memory image on an older iOS device is also possible without a permanently installed jailbreak. According to the BSI, it is particularly worrying that applications can be installed from insecure sources. However, this is possible by default on most operating systems. Like many jailbreak developers, the BSI advises to change the iOS root password. Furthermore, it should be noted that the signature check of iOS is prevented by a jailbreak, which represents a security risk. For these reasons, the BSI recommends prohibiting jailbreaking on iOS devices used for business purposes.
According to the BSI, programs that perform a jailbreak should change the operating system and protect themselves from detection. This view implies that programs such as B. Evasi0n is malware . However, this is not the case. In order to protect against jailbreaks on the company's own devices, the BSI recommends the use of apps that register changes to iOS. However, for such apps to run correctly, root rights are required, which in turn require a jailbreak.
literature
- Sean Morrissey: iOS Forensic Analysis for iPhone, iPad and iPod touch. Apress, New York 2010, ISBN 978-1-4302-3342-8
Web links
- Official Pangu Jailbreak for iOS site (English)
- Official checkra1n-jailbreak for iOS website (English)
- Official Unc0ver-jailbreak for iOS website (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas Ricker: iPhone Hackers: "We have owned the filesystem". In: Engadget Blog . July 10, 2007 (English).
- ^ Joshua Topolsky : First third-party "game" app appears for iPhone. In: Engadget Blog . August 6, 2007 (English).
- ↑ Chad Shmukler on August 23, 2007 in iPhoneFAQ : Easy iPhone Ringtone and Application Installation with iBrickr , accessed May 27, 2014
- ↑ fscklog - Self-made ringtones for the iPhone are working again , from November 11, 2007, accessed on May 27, 2014
- ↑ iClarified: How to Unlock Your 1.1.2, 1.1.3 OTB iPhone , accessed on May 27, 2014
- ↑ iPhone Dev Team - Beta O'Clock In: 'Dev Team Blog', accessed April 9, 2014.
- ↑ Michael Humpa: QuickPWN. In: CHIP Online . February 23, 2009, accessed October 6, 2013.
- ↑ It's live. In: Twitter.com . February 4, 2013, accessed July 16, 2013.
- ↑ Merry Christmas! The iOS 7 jailbreak has been released at http://evasi0n.com! In: Twitter.com . December 22, 2013, accessed December 22, 2013.
- ↑ 6.1.3 & 6.1.5 3GS / A4 untether Cydia package. ( Memento from December 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) In: iH8sn0w.com . December 23, 2013, (English).
- ↑ iOs Jailbreak for iOs 6.1. [3-4-5]. In: p0sixspwn.com . Retrieved January 5, 2013.
- ↑ Stefan Esser on Twitter - "I just leave this here ...", accessed on May 19, 2014
- ↑ Download TaiG Jailbreak for iOS 8.4, iOS 8.3, iOS 8.2, iOS 8.1.3, iOS 8 , June 2015
- ↑ Pangu: PanGu iOS 9 jailbreak tool
- ↑ Paul Morris in Redmond Pie: Jailbreak iOS 9, 9.0.2, 9.0.1 With Pangu 9 On iPhone And iPad Updated , accessed October 14, 2015
- ↑ iOS 10.2 jailbreak with Yalu102: Installation & Download . In: weblogit.net . ( weblogit.net [accessed March 14, 2017]).
- ^ Electra . In: weblogit.net . ( coolstar.org [accessed March 30, 2018]).
- ↑ checkra1n - The iPhone Wiki. Retrieved November 17, 2019 .
- ↑ Q1 2012 Unaudited Summary Data. (PDF; 29 kB) (No longer available online.) In: apple.com. Apple , January 24, 2012; archived from the original on September 5, 2012 ; accessed on August 1, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Welcome new A5 jailbreakers! In: blog.iphone-dev.org . Retrieved December 16, 2013.
- ^ Dan Graziano: 7 million iPhones and iPads have been jailbroken in just four days. In: BGR.com. February 8, 2013, accessed February 5, 2014 .
- ↑ handelsblatt.com - Soon more than 700 million iOS devices , accessed on March 14, 2014
- ↑ heise.de - "evasi0n" jailbreak on 14 million devices , accessed on March 14, 2014
- ↑ handy-tests.net - iOS jailbreak installed on over 22 million iOS devices , accessed on March 14, 2014
- ↑ Giga - Cydia buys rock , accessed January 26, 2014, 1:40 pm
- ↑ Jailbreak iOS 10.2 Tutorial - Jailbreak.pro. Retrieved February 3, 2017 .
- ↑ Apple releases iOS 13.6.1 and iPadOS 13.6.1 for all users . August 12, 2020 (accessed August 13, 2020).
- ↑ Jailbreak Status - List with all current devices and versions. July 2, 2016, accessed August 20, 2016 .
- ↑ Dream Jailbreak - iOS 7 SAM Unlock Activation Tickets Expiration Date , accessed May 19, 2014
- ↑ Ultrasn0w-Unlock iPhone 4: NCK could offer a new point of attack. In: Roadrunnerswelt. March 11, 2011, accessed July 25, 2013 .
- ↑ Markus Weidner on Teletarif: Officially unlocking the Apple iPhone Classic: This is how it works , published on November 25, 2009, accessed on September 9, 2014
- ↑ SHSH - What is that actually? Retrieved from redparkz.de on April 19, 2013.
- ↑ Giga - iOS 7 downgrade to iOS 6: Is that still possible? , accessed April 8, 2014
- ↑ TheBigBoss - host your app on BigBoss repo , accessed on 26 January 2014 11:11
- ↑ Blog.Malwarebytes.org - Cydia Repository Delivers Drive-by Download and Instills Doubt in Apps' Integrity , accessed on January 26, 2014, 11:39 am
- ↑ Saurik - OpenSSH: 9. (you should change this now) , accessed on January 26, 2014, 10:48 am
- ↑ sophos.com, report on the first iPhone worm , accessed on April 9, 2013.
- ↑ F-Secure Worm: iPhoneOS / Ikee.B , accessed on January 26, 2014, 11:55 am
- ↑ CHIP - Hackademy # 1 iOS attack , accessed on September 8, 2013
- ↑ Notebookcheck.com - No more jailbreaking for iOS 6.1.3 , accessed July 17, 2013
- ↑ Apple - Unauthorized modification of iOS can cause security vulnerabilities, instability, shortened battery life, and other issues , accessed March 25, 2014
- ↑ Tomsguide - 10 Pros and Cons of Jailbreaking Your iPhone or iPad , accessed March 25, 2014
- ↑ Giga - Jailbreak impressive but superfluous ( Memento of the original from March 25, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed on March 25, 2014
- ↑ André Mengel on webmagazin: iPhone 5 jailbreak: useful or superfluous? , accessed on June 16, 2020
- ↑ Now it's about money: turning point in the jailbreak community. In: iphone-ticker.de. iFun, December 23, 2013, accessed December 23, 2013 .
- ^ Letter to the Community. (No longer available online.) In: evasi0n.com. evasi0n, December 23, 2013, archived from the original on December 22, 2013 ; accessed on December 23, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Zeit Online - More Freedom for iPad and iPhone , accessed March 25, 2014
- ↑ Daniel from Techstage: Exaggerated? Apple warns of jailbreaking iPhone 5 & iPad 4 - Don't panic , accessed on March 25, 2014
- ↑ Areamobile - Jailbreak: Everything you need to know about it , accessed on March 25, 2014
- ↑ Daniel Schurter in 20min.ch: iPhone and iPad are safe - thanks to jailbreak , accessed on May 21, 2014
- ↑ iPhone News - Apple iOS 6: Criticism from jailbreak users , accessed on March 25, 2014
- ↑ BSI: Overview paper Apple iOS ( Memento from November 1, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
