Jan Kops

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Jan Kops

Jan Kops (born March 6, 1765 in Amsterdam , † January 9, 1849 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch Reformed theologian and agronomist.

Life

Jan came from a Mennonite family. He was the son of the cloth merchant Jacobus Kops (born April 2, 1736 in Haarlem; † December 29, 1773 in Amsterdam) and his wife Hillegond Schotvanger (born November 22, 1734 in Amsterdam; † March 2, 1772 ibid). After the early death of his mother, his father married again on January 24, 1773 in Amsterdam with Marianne Elisabeth Audrouin (born July 18, 1734 in Amsterdam, † October 3, 1801 in Haarlem), the daughter of Philippe Audrouin and Elisabeth Elin. It was after the death of his father his new reference point and pulled together with Kops sister Maria (born May 6, 1763 in Amsterdam, † 17 November 1820 in Haarlem) 1774 Haarlem .

Kops had already attended the French school in Amsterdam, which he continued at the French school in Haarlem. Equipped with good intellectual abilities, he moved into the municipal high school in Haarlem in 1776. Here he found a friend in the pastor's son Adriaan Loosjes , in whose environment he familiarized himself with Dutch literature, but also developed an interest in botany, especially in the studies of David de Gorter . How much he was interested in nature, shows his farewell work from the grammar school in Haarlem Oratiuncula contemplatione naturae (freely translated into German: speeches for contemplation of nature ).

Since the members of the Anabaptist-minded congregations in the Netherlands were not given the opportunity to develop in a scientific way, Kops decided to take the path of a theologian. For this purpose, he moved into the Baptist School in Amsterdam on December 10, 1781. In addition to his theological studies, he also attended the lectures at the Athenaeum Illustre Amsterdam . Daniel Wyttenbach , Herman Tollius and Diederik Adriaan Walraven (1732–1804) were among his teachers here. He found his parish training at the Baptist School unsatisfactory, so that he dealt with the writings of theologians such as Johann Christoph Döderlein , Samuel Werenfels , Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Jerusalem , August Hermann Niemeyer , Felix Hess and Christian Fürchtegott Gellert in self-study . But he did not lose his primary interest in philosophy and botany. At that time he was particularly enthusiastic about the work of John Locke and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz . After he had made a name for himself in Tayler's scholarly society with the award-winning task of negotiating over de onverschilligheid in godsdienstige zaken (freely translated into German: treatise on indifference in religious questions ), he passed his parish exam on April 5, 1787.

After completing a probationary year, he became pastor of the Anabaptist congregation of the Baptists in Leiden on February 17, 1788. In Leiden, he enrolled on 29 December 1787 at the local university and started to operate further studies. He was less attracted by the study of theology than by scientific investigations, which were probably accompanied by Nicolaus Georgius Oosterdijk and Sebald Justinus Brugmans . After the revolution of the Batavian Republic in 1795, he began to get involved as a member of the city council in Leiden. However, he experienced some contradictions in this function. Therefore, his focus was rather on agricultural issues. In 1796 he was appointed to a research commission of his superintendent, which was dedicated to the question of how to make the fallow land of the dunes fertile. He became secretary of the commission and wrote down his experiences on this subject in 1798/99 in the two-volume work Tegenwoordige Staat der duinen van het voormaalig gewest Holland (freely translated into German: current state of the dunes in the former province of Holland ). On June 7, 1800 he became head of the Agriculture Department in the Dutch Ministry of the Interior.

So he resigned his pastorate in Leiden and moved with his family to The Hague. In this role he developed a talent for organization under various Dutch governments. So he arranged the appearance of the first agricultural newspaper under the title Magazijn van Vaderlandschen Landbouw . In 1805 he introduced agricultural commissions as advisory bodies to the government and in 1808 founded the Dutch Agriculture Agency. The latter was first located in Amsterdam, but was moved to Utrecht in 1833 because he remained its president until his death. By royal decision, Kops was appointed to the Dutch University of Utrecht on October 16, 1815 as the first professor of agriculture and botany. On February 15, 1816 he was promoted to a doctorate in natural sciences at the University of Utrecht and took up the professorship on February 15, 1816 with the introductory speech about het aanbelang van het akademisch onderwijs in de Nederlandsche land-huishoudkunde (freely translated into German: About the Importance of academic training in Dutch agriculture ).

In this function he also participated in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1828/29 . Although Kops' knowledge of botany was out of date, Kops has achieved lasting importance as the first academic agronomist in the Netherlands. The gifted rhetorician occasionally gave sermons in Amsterdam, The Hague and Utrecht. During his lifetime, Kops received many awards. He was a knight of the Order of the Dutch Lion, in 1808 he became a member of the Dutch Royal Institute, in 1821 a member of the Society for Dutch Literature in Leiden and he was director of the provincial Utrecht Society for Arts and Sciences. Although he had already given his farewell speech De emolumento, quod ex Batavorum et Belgarum conjunctione in unum regnum, agriculturae per totam patriam accesserit in Utrecht on March 26, 1829 , he was retired from his professorship in March 1835. He passed away at the age of 84 after a painful illness.

family

Kops was married twice.

His first marriage was on January 22, 1788 in Haarlem with Catharina Daams (born January 6, 1768 in Haarlem; † November 30, 1805 in The Hague), the daughter of the pastor of the baptized parish in Haarlem Joost Pieterzoon Daams (around 1686; † 1777 in Haarlem) and his wife Helena Gre (e) ve. There are 6 sons and five daughters from the marriage, two of whom died young.

His second marriage was on April 14, 1807 in The Hague with Helena Biljouw (born September 16, 1774 in Leiden, † March 31, 1855 in Utrecht), the daughter of Bartholomeus Bijouw and Maria Tangen. There were five sons and a daughter from the marriage, and three sons died young.

From the children we know:

  • Jacobus Kops (born August 16, 1789 in Leiden, † January 7, 1818 in Utrecht)
  • Helena Elisabeth Kops (born April 23, 1791 in Leiden, † August 9, 1842 in Utrecht)
  • Jan Kops I (born January 15, 1794 in Leiden)
  • Josina Kops (born December 20, 1795 in Leiden, † April 29, 1852 in Utrecht) married. August 22, 1844 in Utrecht Daniel de Stoppelaar-Blijdestein (born July 26, 1789 in Utrecht, † June 9, 1858 in Maarsen)
  • Maria Kops (born January 3, 1798 in Leiden, † August 20, 1869 Utrecht) married. January 4, 1821 in Utrecht with Prof. Dr. phil. & med. Petrus Johannes Izaak de Fremery (born April 29, 1797 in Utrecht, † September 9, 1855 in Utrecht)
  • Margaretha Kops (born February 24, 1800 in Leiden; † August 23, 1877 in Utrecht) married. November 28, 1833 Thomas Bastiaan Templeman van der Hoeven (born April 11, 1776 in Rotterdam, † June 30, 1859 in Utrecht)
  • Maria Cornelia Kops (born January 20, 1802 in Leiden, † March 16, 1884 in Utrecht)
  • Jan Kops II (born December 8, 1803 in Leiden)
  • Willem Pieter Kops (born November 30, 1805 in Leiden, † November 22, 1828 in Amsterdam)
  • Catharina Kops (born August 13, 1809 in Amsterdam, † November 30, 1893 in Utrecht)
  • Isaac Cornelis Kops I (June 25, 1812 in Amsterdam; † April 3, 1816 in Amsterdam)
  • Isaac Cornelis Kops II (born April 5, 1816 in Amsterdam, † April 5, 1900 in The Hague) Dr. jur. Lawyer in Utrecht and Haarlem married. August 8, 1850 in Amsterdam with Catharina Elisabeth Anspach (born January 11, 1825 in Amsterdam, † October 28, 1887 in Haarlem)
  • Albertus Kops (born January 14, 1814 - † August 3, 1874 in Utrecht) Dr. med. mated September 11, 1845 in Amsterdam with Grietje Cleyndert (born March 24, 1824 in Zaandam; † April 10, 1865 in Utrecht)

Works

Flora Batava
  • Leerrede over den algemeenen grond van vereeniging onder de Christenen, 20 Maart 1796. Haarlem 1797
  • Tegenwoordige state of the duines .... Amsterdam 1798, 2nd vol.
  • Proeven van uiterlijke Nederl. welsprekendheid .... benevens een redevoering over Jacob Cats .... Haarlem 1818
  • Empty speech about Gods hulp en bescherming in the twaalfdaagschen veldtogt in Aug. 1831. Utrecht 1831
  • Negotiating over the state of the foremost waters in Nederland geteeld, en van de gesteldheid van het neither in the jare 1806 until 1812. Amsterdam 1816
  • Inwijdingsredevoering over het aanbelang van het academisch onderwijs in de Nederlandsche landhuishoudkunde. Utrecht 1816
  • State van Hollands duinen en ontwerp tot vruchtbaarmaking derzelven. Utrecht 1818
  • Index plantarum quae in horto Rheno-Trajectino coluntur. Utrecht 1823
  • Flora Batava, of afbeelding en beschrijving van Nederlandsche gewassen door JC Sepp en Zoon en J. Kops. Amsterdam 1800-1824, 5th vol.
  • Magazijn van vaderlandsche landbouw. Haarlem 1815, 6th vol.
  • Oratio de emolumento, quod ex Batavorum et Belgarum conjunctione in unum regnum agriculturae per totam patriam accesserit. Utrecht 1829
  • Empty speech over Gods bestuur van 's Menschen daden. Vijftigjarige preaching service, uitgesproken te Utrecht February 1838. Utrecht 1838
  • Beredeneerd algemeen register op de staten van landbouw, over de jaren 1814-1828. Utrecht 1832
  • Uitgezochte stichtelijke poems by D.Rz. Camphuizen .... with a levensbericht enz. Utrecht 1839
  • Hulde aan de letter-savvy merits van mr. Jac. Scheltema .... Utrecht 1836

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ His paternal grandfather was Goedschalck Kops (born September 9, 1705 in Amsterdam, † May 22, 1767 in Haarlem) and his grandmother Maria Beukelaer
  2. ↑ She was the daughter of Jan Dirksz. Schotvanger and Marritije Blaeuduyf

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Guilielmus du Rieu: Album Studiosorum Academiae Lugduno Batavae MDLXXV-MDCCCLXXV. Martin Nijhoff Verlag, The Hague, 1875, Sp. 1159
  2. ↑ JG van Cittert-Eymers: Album Promotorum the Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht 1815-1936 s album Promotorum the Veeartsenijkundige Hoogeschool 1918-1925. EJ Brill, Leiden, 1963, p. 1
personal data
SURNAME Kops, Jan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch Reformed theologian and agronomist
DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1765
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1849
Place of death Utrecht