Jan Wacław Machajski
Jan Wacław Machajski , pseudonym A. Wolski (born December 15, 1866 in Busko-Zdrój , † February 19, 1926 in Moscow ), was a Polish revolutionary , social theorist and anarchist .
Life
Wacław lost his father at the age of four. The family became impoverished. Even as a schoolboy, Wacław was forced to teach classmates. In high school in Kielce was Stefan Żeromski his school friend. In 1886, after graduating from high school, Wacław studied science and medicine at the University of Warsaw , but did not achieve a degree in any subject, but rather worked on his political education. In 1887 Wacław joined the Polish nationalist youth association Zet and wrote for the Warsaw labor movement.
In 1891 he moved to Cracow and, as a Marxist, moved in revolutionary circles. In May 1892, Wacław Machajski smuggled propaganda material from Switzerland to Łódź , for which he was imprisoned in Kraków until 1895 and then exiled to Wiljuisk in Siberia . He managed to escape in 1903. 1907–1911, Wacław Machajski worked underground in Kraków and Zakopane under the name Jan Kiżło. Stays in Galicia and Paris followed . After the October Revolution , Wacław Machajski lived in Moscow.
Works
Wacław Machajski's writings are mostly in Russian, but also in Polish and French.
- Wacław Machajski's works (Polish)
Trotsky
In his memoirs, Leon Trotsky tells of his exile in the Irkutsk governorate . At that time, three hectographed magazines by Machajski were circulating on the banks of the Lena River among the banned "political" and caused controversy for months:
- 1) The exposure of opportunism in German social democracy .
- 2) Marx's criticism of the economic system : socialism is a social order based on the exploitation of the workers by professional intellectuals.
- 3) Anarcho-syndicalism rejects political struggle.
literature
- Paris, February 1, 1911, Stefan Żeromski, Open Letter : The Machajski Case (Polish)
- Leon Trotsky: My life . Attempt an autobiography. Translated from the Russian by Alexandra Ramm . 543 pages. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1990 (Licensor: S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main). ISBN 3-320-01574-5
- Reference to Jan Wacław Machajski: Socialism and intelligence in the archive for the history of resistance and work
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ eng. Association of the Polish Youth "Zet"
- ↑ Trotsky, page 123, 18. Zvu, see also chapter The First Exile in the MIA .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Machajski, Jan Wacław |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | A. Wolski (pseudonym); Makhaïski, Jan Waclav; Machajski, Jan W .; Wolski, A. (pseudonym); Volʹskij, A. (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish anarchist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 15, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Busko-Zdrój ( Holy Cross Voivodeship ) |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 19, 1926 |
| Place of death | Moscow |