Jean Leray
Jean Leray (born November 7, 1906 in Chantenay-sur-Loire (now part of Nantes ), † November 10, 1998 in La Baule-Escoublac , Loire-Atlantique ) was a French mathematician . His name is best known for results in topology and functional analysis .
Life
Leray studied at the ENS Paris from 1926 and received his doctorate in 1933 under Henri Villat . In 1932 he married Marguerite Trumier, with whom he had three children.
In 1934 Leray published together with Juliusz Schauder a paper on topology and partial differential equations in which they defined the leray-schauder degree of mapping . In the same year he published results on the existence and uniqueness of regular solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations , which are groundbreaking to this day. He showed the existence of so-called weak solutions in two and three dimensions (the question of the existence and regularity of smooth solutions in three dimensions is still open today and is one of the Millennium problems ). Leray became a professor in Nancy in 1936 . From 1940 to 1945 he was a prisoner of war in Oflag XVII A in Edelbach in Austria , where he worked at a school for his fellow prisoners and had ideas for both spectral sequences in topology and sheaf theory . The Leray's theorem to determine Garbenkohomologiegruppen is connected with his name. from 1947 to 1978 he was a professor at the Collège de France in Paris .
In 1979 he was awarded the Wolf Prize . In 1971 he received the Feltrinelli Prize and in 1988 the Lomonosov gold medal . He was the commander of the Legion of Honor . In 1967 he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Chicago .
In 1953 Leray became a member of the Académie des sciences , in 1959 a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society , in 1965 a member of the National Academy of Sciences and in 1966 a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences . He was also a Fellow of the Royal Society , a member of the Royal Belgian Academy of Sciences, the Accademia dei Lincei , the Milanese, Turin, Göttingen Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences . In 1954 he was president of the Société Mathématique de France .
Fonts
- Leray Étude de diverse équations intégrales non linéaires et de quelquesproblemèmes que pose l'hydrodynamique , dissertation 1933
- Leray Sur le mouvement d'un liquide visqueux emplissant l'espace , Acta Mathematica, Volume 63, 1934, pp. 193-248
- Leray, Schauder Topologie et équations fonctionnelles , Annales scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure, Sér. 3, Volume 51, 1934, pp. 45-78
- Lagrangian Analysis and quantum mechanics , MIT Press 1981
literature
- Gazette des Mathematiciens, Supplement to No. 84, 2000, pp. 1-88 (dedicated to Leray, article by J.-M. Kantor, Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat , JY Chemin, H. Miller, J. Serrin, R. Siegmund- Schultze, A. Yger, C. Houzel, Paul Malliavin )
- Anna Maria Sigmund , Peter Michor, Karl Sigmund : Leray in Edelbach , Mathematical Intelligencer, 2005, No. 2
- Armand Borel , Gennadi Henkin, Peter Lax : Jean Leray (1906-1998) , Notices American Mathematical Society, Vol. 47, No. 3, 2000, pp. 350-356, online
Web links
- John J. O'Connor, Edmund F. Robertson : Jean Leray. In: MacTutor History of Mathematics archive .
Individual evidence
- ^ Mathematics Genealogy Project
- ^ Charles Fefferman, Existence and smoothness of the Navier-Stokes equation, pdf , official description of the Clay Millenium Problems 2000
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Leray, Jean |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 7, 1906 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Chantenay |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 10, 1998 |
| Place of death | La Baule |