Johan Fredrik Höckert
Johan (Janne) Fredrik Höckert (born August 26, 1826 in Jönköping ; died September 16, 1866 in Gothenburg ) was a Swedish painter .
life and work
Johan Fredrik Höckert was born in Jönköping in 1826 as the son of the landowner Gustaf Adolph Höckert and his wife Sophie Elisabeth, née Melin. His father died when he was nine years old; after that the mother took over the education alone. He received his first drawing lessons in Jönköping from the painter Johan Ringdahl . After finishing school in his hometown, he moved to the Hillska skolan boarding school in the Stockholm district of Södermalm . 1844-1845 he studied art at the Royal Academy of Art in Stockholm.
Together with his friend, the painter Johan Christoffer Boklund , Höckert traveled to Munich in 1846 and temporarily shared a studio with him. He continued his studies at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts , where the Danish painter Frederik Ludvig Storch was one of his teachers. Höckert's style was initially shaped by the realism of the Munich School and pictures from this period show motifs from Bavarian folk life. In 1849 Höckert returned to Sweden. In the summer of 1850 he made a trip to northern Sweden, visiting Skellefteå , Arvidsjaur , Arjeplog and Kvikkjokk . He was the first artist who, after visiting Lapland, portrayed the local nature and folk life in his pictures.
In 1851 Höckert visited Paris for the first time. There he met the history painter Max Hess , whom he knew from his student days in Munich. In the following year he began with his historical painting Drottning Kristina och Monaldeschi ( Göteborgs konstmuseum ), in which he shows an encounter between Queen Christina and her favorite Giovanni Monaldeschi . In this picture the influence of the French painter Paul Delaroche can be seen. Höckert exhibited the picture in the Salon de Paris in 1853 , where it received an honorable mention. In the same year he briefly returned to Sweden and showed the picture in Stockholms konstförening (Stockholmer Kunstverein), where it also received a lot of attention. With a scholarship from the Swedish Academy of Fine Arts, he was able to return to Paris in January 1854 and move into his own studio. In Paris he worked repeatedly with the Italian model Luisella, who posed for the painting Luisella's death , for example . The Swedish painter and poet Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander , known for Höckert , later dedicated the poem Luisella: en qvinnomodells öden ( Luisella, the fate of a female model ) to her. In addition, Höckert created motifs from everyday life in Paris. He had particular success with the painting Gudstjänst i ett fjällkapell i Lappland ( service in a mountain chapel in Lappland , Norrköpings konstmuseum ), which is based on studies of his trip to Lapland in 1850 and which refers to works by Rembrandt in its light and dark painting . For this painting Höckert received a gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1855 .
He then created a series of pictures with Lapland motifs, such as Det inre av en kåta ( Interior of a Fisherman's Hut , National Museum Stockholm ) from 1857 , for which the Italian Luisella played the role of mother. He also painted landscape motifs from Lapland, such as paintings in light colors with views of Lake Hornavan . In 1857 he visited England, Belgium and the Netherlands and finally returned to Stockholm. There he became a teacher at the Royal Art Academy in November of the same year.
In the summer of 1858, Höckert went on a study trip to Dalarna , where he stayed mainly in Mora and Orsa on the Siljan . Here he created portraits such as the portrait of Såssers Kerstin Andersdotter (Stockholm National Museum). In 1861 he was commissioned to paint a portrait of the Swedish King Charles XV. to draw. He then traveled on a royal mission and as a mentor to the young Count Gustaf Fredrik Bonde via Paris and Spain to Tunis . There he created the portrait of Muhammad III. al-Husain , des Bey of Tunis . The return journey took place via Paris and London. In the British capital, Höckert acted as deputy commissioner at the 1862 World's Fair . Back in Stockholm in 1863 he created costume designs for the Royal Opera . In 1864 he became a professor at the Royal Art Academy. He made numerous portrait drawings and caricatures and was one of the founders of the newspaper Ny illustrerad tidning , to which he repeatedly contributed drawings. To strengthen his already ailing health, he visited the Württemberg spa town of Wildbad in the Black Forest in the summer of 1864 . In the summer of 1865, Höckert made his second trip to Dalarna.
In 1866 Höckert presented his painting Slottsbranden i Stockholm the 7 maj 1697 at the great art and industrial exhibition in Stockholm , on which he had been working since 1862. In this historical picture he describes the fire of the old Tre Kronor Castle in Stockholm. This shows the artistic influences of Rembrandt and Delacroix . It is considered the artist's last major major work. Höckert had initially hoped for a purchase by the state, but this did not materialize. Contemporary critics criticized the sketchy execution of the picture, which finally got into the collection of the National Museum in Stockholm as a gift in 1883.
In the summer of 1866, Höckert traveled to Marstrand for a spa stay . On his return trip he died in Gothenburg . His grave is on Östra kyrkogården in Jönköping. Höckert was unmarried and had no offspring.
literature
- Aron Johan Teodor Borelius: Johan Fredrik Höckert 1826–1866 . Norstedt, Stockholm 1927.
- Claes Lundin: Johan Fredrik Höckert in Svea folkkalender 1872, pp. 175–188.
- Boo von Malmborg: J Janne F Höckert . Biography of Johan Fredrik Höckert in the Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (online).
- Herman Hofberg: Johan Frederik Höckert in Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon . Bonnier, Stockholm 1906, pp. 467-468.
- Höckert, Johan Fredrik in Nordisk familjebok , Stockholm 1884, pp. 315-318.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the painting Drottning Kristina och Monaldeschi by Johan Fredrik Höckert in Gothenburg's art museum
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Höckert, Johan Fredrik |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Höckert, Janne (nickname) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish painter and professor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 26, 1826 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Jonkoping |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 16, 1866 |
| Place of death | Gothenburg |