Johann August Zeune School for the Blind

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johann August Zeune School for the Blind and Vocational School Dr. Flint
Johann August Zeune School Berlin (1) .jpg
type of school Special school , vocational school , vocational school with special pedagogues. tasks
School number 06S05
founding 1806
address

Rothenburgstrasse 14
12165 Berlin

place Berlin-Steglitz
country Berlin
Country Germany
Coordinates 52 ° 27 '20 "  N , 13 ° 18' 52"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '20 "  N , 13 ° 18' 52"  E
carrier State of Berlin
student 100 (2016/2017)
Teachers 39 teachers + pedagogical staff, educators, trainee lawyers: 71 employees (2016/2017)
management Juliane Kruger
Website www.zeune-schule.de

The Zeune School , also called JAZ in everyday language, is a special needs school for pupils who are blind or visually impaired . It is located on Rothenburgstrasse in the Berlin district of Steglitz . The school is named after Johann August Zeune , founder of the first school for the blind in today's Germany .

history

1806

The second school for the blind in German-speaking countries was founded on October 4, 1806 by Johann August Zeune and officially opened on October 13, 1806 as the “Prussian-Royal Educational Institution” in Berlin. Classes took place in the private rooms of Johann August Zeunes, who at that time lived in Gipsgasse . This was preceded by an initiative by Valentin Haüys , who founded the world's first school for the blind, the Institution Royale des Jeunes Aveugles : the blind concert pianist Maria Theresia Paradis had so fascinated him on her concert tour in 1784 that he began to campaign for the education of the blind. Apparently Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart had written the piano concerto KV 456 for her, he had "made it for the Paradis in Paris".
Due to Haüy's influence, after Paris (1784), educational institutions for the blind were opened in Vienna (1804 by Johann Wilhelm Klein ), in Berlin he spoke to the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III on July 14, 1806 . in front. Shortly before, he had met the ophthalmologist Karl Johann Christian Grapengiesser and his friend Johann August Zeune in the Henriette Herz ' literary salon and encouraged them to found a school.

Initially the school was under ecclesiastical administration until 1809 Wilhelm von Humboldt took over the management of the Prussian teaching administration, and thus also the school for the blind.

In the first few years the location of the school changed several times, only from 1812 onwards it was located next to the Georgenkirche , built in 1780 , Georgkirchhof 19 for 28 years , while Johann August Zeune lived next door in the Spletthaus (or Splethaus ), Georgkirchhof 18.

The establishment of the school for the blind in 1806 was accompanied by major political events. To the horror of the other European powers , the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III initially remained neutral towards Napoleon Bonaparte . had to order the mobilization of his army on August 9, 1806 . In the course of further political developments, he fled Berlin in 1807, and Prussia collapsed. It was not until 1815, after the Wars of Liberation , that everyday life in Berlin consolidated again.

During the wars, infectious eye diseases were rampant in the army, which led to the blindness of many soldiers. These were increasingly looked after in homes for the disabled, in 1816 Johann August Zeune was named as the organizer of the newly founded "Prussian War Blind Service".

1838

In 1838 Rittmeister a. D. von Rothenburg 88,000 thalers , which enabled Zeune to acquire a larger house for the school for the blind: he bought the building at Wilhelmstrasse 139, in which the Plamann educational institution had been housed until 1830 . Twelve blind pupils, so-called boarders, lived in it and were both taught and fed. In addition, eight to twelve school-goers were able to take part in the lessons, known as “Königl. Free students ”and did not live in the house. Besides Zeune, who died in 1853, his wife, three teachers and a school caretaker lived in the school building. Schoolchildren between the ages of 9 and 15 were taught the subjects of handicrafts , clay arts and sciences .

1877

Since the headmaster Karl Friedrich Roesner took office in 1872, efforts have been made to relocate the school for the blind out of the urban area of ​​Berlin. The choice of the new location fell on the village of Steglitz in the Teltow district . The new school building built for this purpose was opened on May 8, 1877. The disadvantage was that until the incorporation of Steglitz, Berlin no longer had its own school for the blind for 43 years. Advantages lay in the development and expansion of education for the blind at the new location.

1906

Zeune relief in the foyer

To mark the 100th anniversary of the school on October 13, 1906, a granite relief was unveiled in the foyer , which Georg Meyer-Steglitz had created for the occasion.

1933

In the first weeks of the Nazi regime, on February 28, 1933, a Hitler Youth group was founded in the Zeune School , and in December 1933 the wake-up call appeared under the subtitle “Information sheet for the Hitler Youth of all German institutions for the blind “Called. The sheet was printed in Braille , but had to be transferred in black to make it easier to censor it. In 1934 the wake-up call became the official organ of the Reich Youth Leadership for the Blind Hitler Youth (magazine for the National Socialist blind youth). See: HJ Bann B .

Architecture and terrain

The brick school building, which has simple features in the neo-renaissance style , was built in the years 1876/1877. It was planned by David August Rudolf Stüve in collaboration with Johann Eduard Jacobsthal and Ludwig Giersberg .

The approximately 1.75  hectare park-like terrain on a hillside borders on the Rothenburg and Fichtenberg School to the south , from which it is separated by the Zeunepromenade . In the east it is bordered by Rothenburgstrasse, in the north by the building of the Evangelical Free Church in Berlin-Steglitz and in the west by Lepsiusstrasse, from which there is also an entrance.

In addition to the school, the property also includes the Silx building , the workshop for the blind and the German Museum for the Blind .

School types

The school covers several areas:

Regular school

Courses

  • Basic training in business and administration . For those interested who later intend to work in the office and administration area, a call center, in telephone exchanges, in the information and sales area.
  • One-year course: basic health training . As a prerequisite for training to become a masseur , medical lifeguard , physiotherapist or occupational therapist .
  • Basic training in trade and industry The training covers the areas of wood (wood workshop), metal (bicycle workshop) and housekeeping (teaching kitchen / school cafe).

Vocational schools

  • Vocational school for office professions : Degree as a specialist in office and telecommunications .
  • Vocational school, three-year training: specialist assistant / specialist for media and information services

literature

  • Thomas Kohlstedt, Sola Tetzlaff (Ed.): 200 Years of the Berlin School for the Blind . Anniversary commemoration of the Johann-August-Zeune-School for the blind and vocational school Dr. Flint. 200 years of education for the blind in Germany. tape 2 . Bentheim, Würzburg 2006, ISBN 3-934471-58-7 .
  • 209. The institution for the blind. 1806; the von Rothenburgsche Foundation. 1838 . In: Dr. Friedrich Gustav Lisco (Ed.): The benevolent Berlin. Historical-statistical news about the charity exercise in Berlin . GWF Müller's, Berlin 2006, p. 227 f .

See also

Web links

Commons : Zeune School  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b J. A. Zeune School for the Blind and Vocational School Dr. Flint. In: berlin.de. Senate Department for Education, Youth and Family, September 19, 2008, accessed April 26, 2017 .
  2. ↑ See: List of schools for the blind
  3. ↑ "The Blind Institution, Königliche , Georgkirchhof 19, was founded on October 4th, 1806 by the current director, Prof. Zeune , for the purpose of teaching the blind in all useful knowledge, in music and handicrafts; 12 blind people are brought up entirely at the expense of the city council, 18 are royal free students who take part in the lessons and 6 pensioners can be accepted by the director. 38 are now eligible for admission. The training period lasts 3–5 years. Besides the director and his wife, the institution has five teachers, a doctor and the necessary servants. You can visit the institution on Wednesdays at 10 o'clock ”; JGA Ludwig Helling (Ed.): Historical-statistical-topographical pocket book of Berlin and its immediate surroundings . HAW Logier, Berlin 1830, p. 33 f.
  4. ↑ Barbara Müller-Heiden: The Chronicle . In: Thomas Kohlstedt, Sola Tetzlaff (Ed.): 200 Years of the Berlin School for the Blind . tape 2 . Bentheim, Würzburg 2006, p. 24–42, here p. 25 .
  5. ↑ The gypsum alley was built in 1699 and bore her name in terms of the scale in this gypsum distillery. In 1824 it was renamed Gipsstrasse .
  6. ^ Expression of Leopold Mozart in a letter of February 16, 1785 to his daughter Maria Anna . Compare Marion Fürst: Maria Theresia Paradis - Mozart's famous contemporary. Böhlau, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-412-19505-7 , p. 114.See : Digitalisat
  7. ↑ Barbara Müller-Heiden: The Chronicle . In: Thomas Kohlstedt, Sola Tetzlaff (Ed.): 200 Years of the Berlin School for the Blind . tape 2 . Bentheim, Würzburg 2006, p. 24–42, here p. 26 .
  8. ↑ “Next to the church the institute for the blind, the Spletthaus, the Georgen- u. Dorotheenhospital “; JGA Ludwig Helling (Ed.): Historical-statistical-topographical pocket book of Berlin and its immediate surroundings . HAW Logier, Berlin 1830, p. 132.
  9. ^ Johann Christian Gädicke: Lexicon of Berlin . (1806), pp. 238 and 581.
  10. ^ Zeune, A. In: Allgemeiner Wohnungsanzeiger für Berlin, Charlottenburg and Umgebung , 1824, p. 143.
  11. ↑ Barbara Müller-Heiden: The Chronicle . In: Thomas Kohlstedt, Sola Tetzlaff (Ed.): 200 Years of the Berlin School for the Blind . tape 2 . Bentheim, Würzburg 2006, p. 24–42, here p. 28 .
  12. ↑ Rittmeister Friedrich Ernst von Rothenburg (born January 20, 1766 in Berlin; † December 1, 1833 ibid), erroneously referred to as baron in numerous publications, had earned services to the Prussian state, for which he earned income as cathedral dean of Kolberg , as canon of the Stifts to Our Lady of Halberstadt and had received an officer's pension. He had no offspring other than an illegitimate son. Since he was friends with Johann August Zeune, he bequeathed his accumulated fortune to the school for the blind.
    Hainer Weißpflug: A riddle about Rothenburg? In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 2, 1999, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 11-13 ( luise-berlin.de ).
  13. ↑ 209. The institution for the blind. 1806; the von Rothenburg Foundation. 1838 . In: Dr. Friedrich Gustav Lisco (Ed.): The benevolent Berlin. Historical-statistical news about Berlin’s charity exercise . GWF Müller's, Berlin 2006, p. 227 f .
  14. ↑ digitized version
  15. ↑ Barbara Müller-Heiden: The Chronicle . In: Thomas Kohlstedt, Sola Tetzlaff (Ed.): 200 Years of the Berlin School for the Blind . tape 2 . Bentheim, Würzburg 2006, p. 24–42, here p. 31 ff .
  16. ↑ Fig
  17. ↑ David August Rudolf Stüve, Prussian building officer (born June 18, 1828 in Osnabrück ; † December 31, 1896 ibid)
  18. ↑ See: glass-portal.privat.t-online.de accessed on January 17, 2017.