Johann Heinrich Schramm (theologian)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann Heinrich Schramm (born March 20, 1676 in Girkhausen (Bad Berleburg) , † January 20, 1753 in Herborn ) was a German Reformed theologian.

Life

The son of the pastor Johann Jakob Schramm (* March 9, 1645; † 1729) and his wife Anne Catherina, the daughter of the former mayor of Berleburg Andreas Lehr, was trained by the father up to the age of fourteen. In 1690 he continued his education at the high school in Herborn , where, after a two-year introductory period, he turned to the study of theology. Here were Johann Heinrich Florin (1650-1700) and Heinrich Horche (1652-1729) his teachers. He continued his studies in Holland at Franeker University. Here he attended the lectures of Campegius Vitringa the Elder , Hermann Alexander Roëll and Jacob Rhenferd (1654–1712).

He also familiarized himself with the scholars in Amsterdam , Leiden University and Utrecht University . In 1699 he returned to his homeland, practiced preaching and felt the urge to work as an academic lecturer. On October 15, 1701 he was appointed professor of rhetoric, history and the Greek language, as well as supervisor of the pedagogy at the High School in Herborn. But since he intended to reach a theological profession, he received his doctorate in 1706 with the inaugural dissertation "de Manipulo Hordeaceo ejusque mysterio" at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) for doctor of theology. In 1707 he was appointed consistorial advisor and appointed as the first preacher in Dillenburg .

In the autumn of 1709 he went to Herborn as a third theological professorship while retaining his consistorial council position. In 1721 he moved to the University of Marburg as a professor of theology , but had to return to Herborn in 1723 due to the will of his sovereign. For reasons of age he resigned from the ministry in 1745. Instead, he became General Superintendent of the Principality of Nassau-Dillenburg, where he earned a lot of recognition for his prudent administration.

He died in Herborn in 1753. His body was buried in the Herborn town church, where an epitaph was erected on the right side of the main entrance.

Act

Theologically he advocated a moderate reformed orthodoxy, which is based on the basic principles of the federal theology of Johannes Coccejus , whereby he leans more in the direction of Pietism . With Pietism, he had also shared efforts to unite the two Protestant churches. Already in Marburg he published a Latin dissertation on this subject in 1722, which also appeared in German translation under the title: "Proof of the Church Association among Protestants, which was extremely necessary at that time" . Of greater importance is his new edition of the “Politia ecclesiastica” and the “Explanatio legum mosaicarum forensium” by the former Herborn professor Wilhelm Zepper , which he provided with many excellent comments. His "Canones ad textuum sacrorum analysin et exegesin recte instituendam", a homiletic , published in 1749 are of more practical value . He has written several exegetical works on individual difficult passages from the Bible in theological journals such as the Bibliotheca Bremensis and the Miscellanea Duisburgensia . He also encouraged Reformed preachers to go to the United States.

In 1756 he was also the editor of a hymn book “Newly multiplied and improved Oranien-Nassauisches Kirchengesangbuch, in which the Psalms of David, besides the most edifying and most common chants and songs, provided by D. Luther and many other men, along with Neanders federal songs and other various “Appeared and also introduced own seals and changes. So he also appears as an occasional poet.

S. had a particular fondness for the history of Orange-Nassau's past. The heroic figures such as the men of this country who were outstanding in state and church service inspired him, as did the scholars who had previously worked at the Herborn University. To preserve her memory for posterity, he collected with his bee-diligence in all libraries, archives, parish registers and where else an opportunity arose. As a fruit of this historical research he left “De Principum Arausionensium et Nassovicorum meritis” in 1749 and two biographies of the two famous first professors of theology at Herborn, Johannes Piscator and Caspar Olevian , published in Leipzig in 1740 .

family

Schramm was married twice. His first marriage was in 1705 with Magarethe Elisabeth († 1710), the daughter of the Nassauisch Orang. Councilor Georg Daniel Cruciger. His second marriage was in 1713 with Constantie Magdalene, the daughter of the Electoral Palatinate official in Caub Johann Jakob Hörath. Two daughters died young from the first marriage. Two sons survived their father. His second marriage had six daughters and two sons, with one son and two daughters dying young. From the children we know:

  • Johann Daniel Schramm (1706–1727) studied in Marburg
  • Wilhelm Theodor Schramm (* 1709) became a legation preacher in Regensburg
  • Franz Ulrich Schramm (born August 19, 1724) was government secretary in Dillenburg, married. with Marie Elisabet, the daughter of the Dillenburg chamber director Bömer
  • Johanne Marie Phillippine Schramm married 1735 with the government council in Dillenburg Meno Metting
  • Dorothea Magdalene Schramm married 1738 to the Anhalt Ministerial Counselor in Regensburg Carl Heinrich von Pfau
  • Constantie Henriette Schramm married with Prof. med. in Herborn Johann Adam Hofmann
  • Susanne Amalie Schramm married with the professor in Herborn and Leiden Jan Jacob Schultens

Selection of works

  • Oratio funebris in obitum JA Crameri Dr. et Prof. Herborn 1701
  • De Nasua, fortissimo Suevorum duce, gentis nominitque Nassavici conditore. Herborn 1704
  • Diss, inaug. de manipulo hordeaceo, cujus oblatione messem suam auspicabantur Judaei ejusque mysterio. Frankfurt (Oder) 1706
  • Sermo academicus de stupenda eruditione Pauli Apostoli. Herborn 1710
  • The withering of a delicate branch on the Nassau Fürstenbaum, or speech given by the corpse of Prince Ludwig Heinrich. Herborn 1710
  • Diss. De pace Ecclesiae Novi Testamenti ultimo tempore, Esa. 11, 6 - 9, adumbrata per concordiam mansueta inter et fera animalia stabiliendam. Herborn 1710
  • Diss. De mysterio holocaustorum. Herborn
  • Diss. De bestia Arundineti, ad Ps. 68, 31. Herborn 1715
  • Diss. Ds vigilibus veterum. Herborn 1713
  • Positiones theologicae. Herborn 1713
  • G. Zepperi legum Moiaicarum forentium succinct am explanationem recensuit notisque auxit. Herborn 1714
  • G. Zepperi Politiam ecclesiasticam eodem modo edidit. Herborn 1714
  • Nucleus historiae universalis from orbe condito ad Machabaeorum tempora, facili et perspicua method per millenaria et saecula digestae. Herborn 1716
  • Funeral speech about the painful entrance of Prince Heinrich August Wilhelms, Hereditary Prince of Nassau etc. Herborn 1718
  • Lament over the most painful loss of Princess Elisabeth Charlotte, the only princess daughter of Prince Wilhelm zu Nassau etc. Herford in 1720
  • Diss. De parabola Christi de operaniis la vinea Matth. 20, 1-16. Marburg 1721
  • Diss. De unione Ecclesiarum Protestantium hoc tempore inprimis necessaria. Marburg 1722 (German under the title: Theological proof of the Protestant union, which was extremely necessary at that time. ) Marburg 1722
  • Diss. De triduo, quo Servator noster commoratus est in sepulcro. Marburg 1722
  • Diss. De baptismo diluvii antitypo, ad 1 Petr. 3, 21. Marburg 1722
  • Diss. De urna Mannae ejusque mysterio. Herbornae 1723
  • Funeral sermon on the death of Princess Amalie Friderike zu Nassau Dillenburg, from Röm. 8, 23. Herborn 1724
  • The royal honor of the overcomers, or funeral sermon about the death of Prince Wilhelm zu Nassau-Dillenburg, from Offenb. Joh. 3, 21. Herborn 1724
  • Glory of the goodness, mercy and faithfulness of God, on the commemoration day of the centenary fire in Herborn, presented from Jeremiä Lamentations 3, 21, 22. Herborn 1726
  • The rich reward of the goods of wisdom, in a funeral speech about the death of the holy scriptures diligent youth, from Proverbs. Salomonis 24, 13, 14 shown. Herborn 1726
  • Contemplation on Jerem. 2, 19, on a general feast, days of penance and prayer. Herborn 1727
  • Diss, de plaga Bethschemesitarum ad 1 Sam. 6, 19. Herborn
  • Diss. De curitate, perfectionis vinculo, ad Coloss. 3, 14. Herborn
  • Diss. De mysterio templi Hierosolymitani. Herborn
  • Specimina verilatum theologicarum XIV ventilata. Herborn
  • Diss, de fama Salomonis apud exteros. Herborn 1745
  • Diss. De voluntate Del revelandi, unico Theologiae typicae fundamento. Herborn 1745
  • Diss. De doxologia Pauli 1 Timoth. 1, 17, ad astruendam dictatum Domini nostri Jesu Christi. Herborn 1749
  • Canones ad analysin textuum sacrorum. Herborn 1749
  • Oratio de Principum Arausiacorum et Nassovensium praeclaris in rempublicam litterariam meritis, 1748 habita. Leiden (Lugd. Batav) 1749

literature

personal data
SURNAME Schramm, Johann Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German reformed theologian
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1676
PLACE OF BIRTH Girkhausen (Bad Berleburg)
DATE OF DEATH January 20, 1753
Place of death Herborn