John I (Sagan)
Johann I von Sagan (also Johann I von Glogau-Sagan ; * 1385 ; † April 12, 1439 ) was Duke of ( semi / ducal ) Glogau from 1403-1413 and from 1413 until his death in 1439 Duke of Sagan .
Origin and life
Johann I came from the Glogau branch of the Silesian Piasts . His parents were Duke Heinrich VIII and Katharina († 1420), daughter of Duke Wladislaus II from Opole .
When their father died in 1397, Johann and his younger brothers Heinrich IX. , Heinrich X. and Wenzel still underage. Together with their mother, they took over the reign of their father's undivided inheritance, but were initially under the tutelage of their uncle Ruprecht I of Liegnitz . In 1403 Johann came of age and took over the reign of Sagan and ducal Glogau, at the same time for his younger brothers. In 1413, the now independent area of Sagan was spun off for him , while at the same time he had to forego the succession in the ducal part of Glogau. From 1413 this was administered by his brothers Heinrich X., Heinrich IX. and Wenzel continued together until 1418.
Like his brothers, Johann paid homage to the Bohemian sovereign Sigmund in Breslau in 1420 , whom he supported in the fight against the Hussites . In 1428 he was in command of a Silesian-Upper Lusatian army, with which he unexpectedly came across the Hussites near Jauer , whereby Johann's troops disbanded. On January 23, 1429, he therefore concluded an association with the Saxon dukes and the Upper Lusatian Union of Six Cities to protect against the Hussites.
Because of Johann's renunciation of the succession in Glogau, the second-born brother Heinrich IX. Sole heir of the territories of Heinrich X., who died in 1423 on a legation trip to Flensburg , and Wenzels, who died in 1430/31. This led to armed conflicts between John I and Henry IX, which had already feuded. Although the covenant made in 1429 tried to mediate between the brothers, no reconciliation came about. Nevertheless, Johann had to be satisfied with Sagan.
Johann died in 1439 and bequeathed Sagan to his four sons Balthasar, Wenzel, Rudolf and Johann II. They divided it in half, but had to do foreign military service in order to find a livelihood. The envy and struggle of Johann against his brother Heinrich IX., Who ruled the great Duchy of Glogau alone, was continued in a cruel manner by Johann's son of the same name, Johann II.
Marriage and offspring
Between 1405 and 1409 Johann I married Scholastika († 1462/63), a daughter of Elector Rudolf III. of Saxony-Wittenberg . The children came from marriage:
- Balthasar († 1472), Duke of Sagan, ⚭ 1st with Agnes NN († 1460); ⚭ 2. 1469 with Barbara, daughter of Duke Boleslaus II of Teschen .
- Rudolf († 1453), Duke of Sagan
- Wenceslas († 1488), Duke of Sagan
- Johann II. († 1504), Duke of Sagan and at times also of Glogau; ⚭ around 1461 Katharina († 1505), daughter of Duke Wilhelm in Troppau
- Anna († around 1437), ⚭ Count Albrecht III. by Lindow-Ruppin († 1460)
- Hedwig († 1497), ⚭ 1432 Prince Bernhard VI. of Anhalt-Bernburg († 1468)
- Margarethe († 1491 in Salzderhelden ), ⚭ 1st around 1435 Count Volrad von Mansfeld († 1450); ⚭ 2. Heinrich XI. von Hohnstein- Wittenberg († 1454); ⚭ 3rd around 1457 Heinrich III. of Braunschweig-Grubenhagen († 1464)
- Barbara († 1476)
- Scholastica († around 1489)
- Agnes († 1475)
literature
- Historical Commission for Silesia (Ed.): History of Silesia. Volume 1: Ludwig Petry , Josef Joachim Menzel, Winfried Irgang (eds.): From primeval times to the year 1526. 5th, revised edition. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1988, ISBN 3-7995-6341-5 , pp. 183, 190, 197 f., 202, 206 and 222.
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 462 and family tree on p. 594/595.
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Johann I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Johann I. von Glogau-Sagan; John I of Sagan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of the ducal Glogau |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1385 |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 12, 1439 |