Johanna Gabriele of Austria
Johanna Gabriela of Austria (or Johanna Gabriele ; * February 4, 1750 Vienna ; † December 23, 1762 ibid) was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia , Hungary and Tuscany .
Childhood in Vienna
Johanna Gabriela Josepha Antonia was born on February 4, 1750 as the eighth daughter and eleventh child of Maria Theresa and Emperor Franz I. Stephan .
Johanna Gabriela was part of a series of children who were born one after the other. She was in the children's room with her siblings Maria Josepha , Maria Karolina , Maria Antonia and Maximilian Franz . There they were looked after by the parents and their companions. At the age of five, Johanna was given her own series of rooms in the imperial palace and a few additional tutors. She had a good relationship with her siblings, although she sometimes had arguments with her brothers. Maria Theresa encouraged her children to get along well. Johanna Gabriela was considered particularly lovable and good-natured and was therefore very popular at the imperial court and also in the large imperial family. Johanna enjoyed extensive training. It included reading, writing, Latin, foreign languages, history, geography, land surveying, military architecture, math, music, dancing and gymnastics, and religion from the age of three.
In addition, Johanna received intensive instruction in dance and music, her mother's favorite subjects. While her brothers were learning musical instruments, Johanna received singing lessons and had an above-average talent for painting and drawing.
Favorite sister Maria Josepha
Johanna and Maria Josepha were very fond of each other. The intimacy between the two was so close that the two ran around hooked. The relationship went so far that Johanna and Maria Josepha shared the children's room, playroom and bedroom. The nannies (also known as Aja ) and later the private tutors shared them. The two were never to be found alone. Both were talented in painting and drawing, as well as singing and dancing.
Marriage plans
Maria Theresa pursued a targeted marriage policy for all of her children. You and King Charles III. of Spain agreed that Maria Theresa’s fourth daughter, Archduchess Maria Amalia , Charles’s son, King Ferdinand III. of Sicily and IV of Naples should marry. Later Karl did not want to keep the obligation because Maria Amalia was five years older than Ferdinand. Maria Theresa then drew his attention to Maria Amalia's sister Johanna, who was only a year older than Ferdinand, so that the engagement between Johanna and Ferdinand was finally concluded.
In the second half of the eighteenth century, smallpox raged in the Holy Roman Empire . Leopold Mozart , the father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , wrote: “ In all of Vienna nothing was discussed except smallpox. Out of ten children on the death register, nine of them had died of smallpox. “Johanna's older brother Karl Joseph died in 1761 of smallpox. To send a strong signal, the Empress ordered all of her other children to be vaccinated.
death
Johanna Gabriela succumbed to smallpox on December 23, 1762. She is one of the 41 people who received a " separate burial " with the body being divided between all three traditional Viennese burial sites of the Habsburgs ( imperial crypt , heart crypt , ducal crypt ).
ancestors
literature
- Friedrich Weissensteiner : The daughters of Maria Theresa. Kremayer & Scheriau, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-218-00591-4 .
- Gigi Beutler: Guide through the Imperial Crypt of the PP Capuchins in Vienna (Capuchin Crypt). Beutler-Heldenstern, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-9500584-3-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sabine Weiss: Born to rule. Childhood and youth in the House of Habsburg from Emperor Maximilian to Crown Prince Rudolf. Tyrolia, Innsbruck 2008, ISBN 978-3-7022-2972-6 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Johanna Gabriele of Austria |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hannerl; Hanni |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Archduchess of Austria |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 4, 1750 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Vienna |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 23, 1762 |
| Place of death | Vienna |