Josef Axmann
Josef Axmann (born March 7, 1793 in Brno , † November 9, 1873 in Salzburg ) was an Austrian engraver . Among other things, the artist designed and engraved the first Austrian newspaper stamp series , which includes Austria's most valuable postage stamp , the vermilion Merkur .
Life
Axmann received his first artistic lessons from the history painter Ignaz Joseph Weidlich . With his support, Axmann came to the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna at the age of 18 in 1811 , where he was awarded a six-year scholarship by the Moravian Estates in 1812 for his copper engraving "The Macocha". He was trained in copperplate engraving by Johann Blaschke , and Adam von Bartsch is also said to have promoted him artistically.
In the following years, Axmann created the vast majority of his copperplate engravings as illustrations for various mostly foreign almanacs . In 1829 he invented a kind of high etching on zinc and copper, in 1843 he made attempts to etch daguerreotypes together with Josef Berres (1796–1844) .
In the same year, on the occasion of his 50th birthday, the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts accepted Axmann as a "real member". In 1851 he was entrusted with the design and engraving of the Merkur newspaper stamp series. 15 years later, Axmann withdrew into private life and settled in Salzburg. There he died at the age of 80 on November 9, 1873, while he was working on a portrait of Franz Grillparzer based on a model by his son Ferdinand.
Josef Axmann was widowed in his first marriage with Rosine Burger. Pölzl († 1828) and in second marriage with Walpurga born. Bielolawek (born 1806). This second marriage came from the history painter Ferdinand Axmann (1838–1910).
537 engravings by Axmann have come down to us. The most complete collections are now owned by the Vienna Court Library and the Albertina . An Axmann room is dedicated to him in the Brno City Museum .
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Axmann, Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 1st part. University printing house L. C. Zamarski (formerly JP Sollinger), Vienna 1856, p. 96 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Cyriak Bodenstein: Axmann, Josef. In: One Hundred Years of Art History in Vienna, 1788–1888. Verlag Carl Gerold's Sohn, Vienna 1888, pp. 12–24, No. 16 ( list of 308 engravings ).
- Wilhelm Schram : Directory of Moravian engravers from the period from 1480 to the present day. Historical Association, Brno 1894.
- Wilhelm Schram: Axmann, Josef . In: Ulrich Thieme , Felix Becker (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists from Antiquity to the Present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker. tape 2 : Antonio da Monza-Bassan . Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1908, p. 287 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- Axmann Josef. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1957, p. 39.
Web links
- Literature by and about Josef Axmann in the catalog of the German National Library
- To a leaflet with a portrait of Franz I and the Kaiserlied in the ÖNB's new acquisitions (accessed on February 10, 2009)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Axmann, Josef |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian engraver |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 7, 1793 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Brno |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 9, 1873 |
| Place of death | Salzburg |