Josef Kohlschein

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Holy Family after Carl Müller, 1875, Michaeliskirche Wrocław (formerly)
Madonna del Granduca after Raphael, Pitti Palace, Florence

Josef Kohlschein , also Joseph Kohlschein the Elder (born September 17, 1841 in Warburg , † March 29, 1915 in Düsseldorf ), was a German engraver and draftsman . He was the father of Edmund Anton Kohlschein , Hans Kohlschein and Josef Kohlschein the Younger .

Life

Even as a schoolboy, the son of a farmer and blacksmith stood out for his extraordinary talent for drawing. His firm desire to become a painter was made concrete with the help of two advocates against the resistance of his mother - his father had died in 1855. In the fall of 1856, Kohlschein was accepted into the elementary class at the Düsseldorf Art Academy . From 1859 he learned reproducing copperplate engraving from Joseph von Keller . Keller later also involved him in elaborate works such as Raphael's Sistine Madonna . After completing his studies, Kohlschein traveled to Dresden , Vienna , Paris , and Florence , among others , in order to make exact drawings as engraving templates in the museums. As an eminent draftsman, he perfected his favorite “line engraving” to the highest degree of precision. From 1863 to 1864 Joseph himself taught at the academy as an assistant teacher and was enrolled at the art academy from 1864 to 1870 with an interruption in 1866.

While contemporary graphic artists increasingly included etching and lithography in their field of work, Josef Kohlschein stuck to traditional copper engraving until the end. Extremely hardworking, he has engraved almost 100 records. These include 20 large-format ones, each of which he worked on for up to three years. This also includes around 60 small-format engravings that he created for the “ Association for the Dissemination of Religious Images ” in Düsseldorf. A reviewer put it in 1880: "The artist succeeded in translating the painterly values ​​of a painting into the engraving in an unsurpassed fragrant manner and yet maintaining the relationships between the colors in black and white". One of his secular engravings, The Wine Tasting after a painting by Johann Peter Hasenclever (53 × 71 cm, 1900), which also became his most popular, proves this perfectly . Kohlschein also made reproduction copperplate engravings based on religious paintings by the Nazarenes a . a. Ernst Deger , Franz Ittenbach and Heinrich Lauenstein . At the end of the 19th century, now dubbed a professor, Kohlschein lived in Pempelfort and at the beginning of 1900 moved to the up-and-coming Oberkassel district on Düsseldorfer Straße, where his son Hans also had his studio. Josef Kohlschein, like his wife Elisabeth, born Berke (1859–1932), was buried in the Heerdt cemetery.

Major works

  • Wedding at Cana according to Paolo Veronese , 37 × 73 cm
  • Madonna on the crescent moon after Bartolomé Esteban Murillo , 71 × 49 cm
  • Madonna del Granduca after Raffael da Urbino , 37 × 25 cm
  • Sistine Madonna after Raffael da Urbino, 73 × 54 cm
  • Madonna della Sedia after Raffael da Urbino, 68 × 57 cm
  • Coronation of Mary according to Karl Müller

In addition to the copperplate engravings , several sketchbooks by Joseph Kohlschein have survived. His early pencil drawings show medieval castle ruins on the Rhine and in the Eifel, including motifs from Zons , Andernach , Mürlenbach , Geroldstein , Kasselburg and Lissingen an der Kyll. The large sketchbook from 1868 shows on 35 pages (14 × 21.5 cm) pencil drawings with views of the city of Warburg and its surroundings, which Kohlschein made on his hikes. The filigree sketches show the Warburg panorama, water mills, church buildings, the medieval city wall and defense towers. The precise representations give an impression of the condition of the building in the middle of the 19th century.

Family portraits

  • The mother Gertrud Kohlschein, b. Drilling , pencil, unsigned. 29 × 25 cm
  • The father-in-law Johannes Berke , pencil, signed. JK, 1880, 29 × 25 cm
  • Self-portrait , copper engraving, 1883/84, signed, 17 × 15.5 cm

Awards and honors

  • 1880: IV. German Art Exhibition Düsseldorf: Gold Medal for Saint Cäcilie after Raphael
  • 1883: Austrian Golden State Medal Vienna
  • 1884: Gold medal of Pope Leo XIII for the Passion Cross according to Müller
  • 1885: Gold medal at the International Exhibition of Graphic Arts, Antwerp
  • 1933: The former Obere Strasse in the old town of Warburg was renamed "Josef-Kohlschein-Strasse" and a memorial plaque was attached to the house where he was born, " Am Johannisturm 10 ".

Exhibitions, locations

  • 1912: City Museum Neuss: Josef Kohlschein, Hans Kohlschein and Josef Kohlschein the Younger
  • 1985: Stadtmuseum Düsseldorf : The Kohlschein family of artists
  • 1991: Museum im Stern , Warburg: Josef Kohlschein 1841–1991 - drawings and copperplate engravings

Works can be found in the Museum im Stern , Warburg , the Kupferstichkabinett Dresden , the Nationalgalerie Berlin , the Museum Kunstpalast Düsseldorf, the Stadtmuseum Düsseldorf, the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart .

literature

Web links

Commons : Josef Kohlschein the Elder  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kohlschein, Josef, copper engraver, professor, Duisburgerstr. 40 , in the address book of the city of Düsseldorf for the year 1896, p. 203
  2. ^ Engraver: Kohlschein, Josef, O (= Oberkassel), Düsseldorferstr. 58 , in the address book for the municipality of Düsseldorf, Heerdt Business Directory, 1904, p. 60.
  3. ↑ Kohlschein, Josef, professor, painter a. Engraver, Düsseldorferstr. 58; Kohlschein, Hans, painter, Düsseldorferstr. 58 , in address book for the city of Düsseldorf 1905, Fünfter Part. Directory of the residents of the suburbs of Düsseldorf, Mayor's office Heerdt, p. 57.
  4. ^ Grave site Kohlschein Friedhof Düsseldorf-Heerdt with photos (2016) , on grabsteine.genealogy.net, accessed on February 26, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Kohlschein, Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kohlschein the Elder, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engraver and draftsman
DATE OF BIRTH September 17, 1841
PLACE OF BIRTH Warburg
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1915
Place of death Dusseldorf