Joseph Anton Nagel
Joseph Anton Nagel (born February 3, 1717 in Rittberg / Westphalia , † May 7, 1794 in Vienna ) was an Austro-Hungarian mathematician , cave explorer and cartographer .
Life
Nagel came to Vienna in 1740 to study mathematics, was appointed court mathematician by Emperor Franz I in 1748 and was commissioned to conduct scientific studies and research in the Austro-Hungarian countries, which he traveled to for this purpose from 1748. His cave researches in various caves of the monarchy, such as the Drachenhöhle near Mixnitz , the Wassermannsloches , the Ötscherhöhlen or the Postojna Caves are important for palaeontology insofar as they brought him into contact with fossils of Pleistocene mammals , which he saw as the remains of animals who perished in the Flood . He turned against the interpretation of the fossils as "giant and dragon bones". His handwritten reports on these investigations and cave visits are in the National Library in Vienna .
As court mathematician, he taught Archduke Karl Joseph around 1760 and was sent by Empress Maria Theresia to Lower Austria in 1768 , where an earthquake occurred in the Wiener Neustadt area on February 27 at around 1:45 a.m. Nagel was commissioned to carry out a systematic damage assessment, which was unique in Austria at the time.
From 1770 onwards, Nagel worked on a plan of the city and its suburbs on behalf of Maria Theresa, which was published in 1780/1781 as a copper engraving by Johann Ernst Mansfeld on a scale of around 1: 2600.
As early as autumn 1774, Nagel had published a larger-scale floor plan of Vienna's inner city , which, in terms of topographical accuracy, represented a step backwards compared to the plan by Werner Arnold von Steinhausen from 1710, but achieved its importance by following the scenography of Joseph Daniel von Huber served as the basis for his bird show plan. Together with this, Nagel's plan documents the city at the end of Maria Theresa's reign.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Nagel, Joseph Antonn . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 20th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1869, pp. 31–34 ( digitized version ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Nagel Joseph Anton on ZOBODAT
- ↑ Ladislaus Schönviszky: Joseph Anton Nagel's trip to Hungary in 1751. In: Die Höhle. Journal of Karst and Speleology. Volume 27, 1976, Issue 1, PDF on ZOBODAT
- ↑ The 1768 earthquake on the website of the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics , accessed on February 11, 2017
- ↑ Nagel's report on the earthquake online from the Austrian National Library , accessed on October 1, 2018
- ↑ City map, Joseph Anton Nagel (1773) in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- ^ Huber plan in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
- ^ Joseph Anton Nagel in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
Remarks
- ↑ "The plan Kayserlich-Königl.en residence-city of Vienna, your suburbs, and the adjoining places, 1770-1773, 1780-1781" on tantner.net . accessed on February 11, 2017
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Nagel, Joseph Anton |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austro-Hungarian mathematician, cave explorer and cartographer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 3, 1717 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rittberg |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 7, 1794 |
| Place of death | Vienna |