Joseph G. Gall

Joseph Grafton Gall (born April 14, 1928 in Washington, DC ) is an American zoologist and cell biologist .

Life

Gall received a bachelor's degree from Yale University in New Haven , Connecticut in 1949 and a Ph.D. in 1952. in zoology . He took up his first teaching duties at the University of Minnesota until 1963 , before taking on a visiting professorship at Yale. He later received a full professorship in biology and molecular biophysics , which he held until 1983, before moving to the department of embryology at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Baltimore . Here he received the American Cancer Society Professorship for Developmental Genetics in 1984 .

Act

Gall has dealt with numerous structures of the cell nucleus in the course of his scientific career , including the lamp brush chromosomes . He was able to show that these chromosomes consist of a single DNA double strand and postulated that this must apply to all chromosomes. Gall demonstrated that nuclear pores have a structure with eightfold symmetry. Together with Mary Lou Pardue , he achieved decisive work on the development of in situ hybridization . Further work dealt with the role of ribosomal RNA or the structure of satellite DNA and its localization in centromeric heterochromatin . Gall was able to make important first contributions to the study of gene amplification . Together with his postdoc Elizabeth Blackburn and her PhD student Carol W. Greider , Gall found the telomeres in Tetrahymena ; For this work, among other things, Blackburn and Greider were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2009. More recent works by Gall deal with the function and structure of the Cajal corpuscle , another structure of the cell nucleus.

Gall is one of the founding members of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) and was its president in 1967/1968. Three of his students, Mary Lou Pardue , Susan Gerbi and Elizabeth Blackburn later took on this role. Among Gall's students there is an unusually high number of women who were occasionally called Gall's Gals ("Gall's girl"). Many of his students later held important positions at universities and research institutions around the world.

Gall is considered an excellent user of numerous forms of microscopy and an expert on the history of microscopy.

Awards (selection)

• 1968 membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 1972 membership in the National Academy of Sciences
• 1983 EB Wilson Medal of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)
• 1989 membership in the American Philosophical Society
• 1996 Lifetime Mentor Award from the American Association for the Advancement of Science
• 2006 Albert Lasker Award for Special Achievement in Medical Science
• 2007 Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize together with Carol W. Greider and Elizabeth Blackburn
• 2008 Keith R. Porter Lecture

literature

• Sharyn A. Endow, Susan A. Gerbi: Joseph G. Gall. Journal of Cell Science 116, 3849-3850 (2003) doi: 10.1242 / jcs.00737
• Who's Who in America. 66th Edition, Volume 1: A – L. Marquis Who's Who, Berkeley Heights 2011, ISBN 978-0-8379-7031-8 (Volume 1), ISBN 978-0-8379-7035-6 (Complete Works ), ISSN  0083-9396 , p. 1521

Web links

• Joseph G. Gall at the Carnegie Institution for Science (ciwemb.edu); Retrieved February 6, 2011

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Gall's gals. In: archives.yalealumnimagazine.com. October 26, 2009, accessed April 18, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter G. (PDF; 931 kB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved April 18, 2018 . 
3. ^ Lasker Foundation: Founder of modern cell biology - The Lasker Foundation. In: laskerfoundation.org. Retrieved April 18, 2018 . 
4. ^ Joseph G. Gall - Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2007 at columbia.edu; Retrieved February 6, 2011
5. ↑ Keith R. Porter Lecture at ascb.org; accessed on January 31, 2012