Joseph Martini by Nosedo

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Joseph Freiherr Martini von Nosedo 1857

Baron Joseph Karl Ignaz Martini von Nosedo (born March 6, 1806 in Neu-Gradischka , Slavonia , † December 28, 1868 in Graz ) was an Austrian Lieutenant Field Marshal , owner of Infantry Regiment No. 30 and Knight Theresa .

Origin and family

According to tradition, the family came from an old, Italian noble family, whose rungs had been in imperial war and state services since the 16th century. Joseph's grandfather, Joseph Martini († January 28, 1808), kk major general (with rank of August 6, 1794) and fortress commander of Timisoara , received a diploma from July 16, 1804, the Reichs- u. hereditary-Austrian nobility. Of his sons, Anton Stephan Ritter von Martini (born June 13, 1792; † December 28, 1861) was kk Feldzeugmeister (July 20, 1849), Privy Councilor, and until his retirement on October 1, 1859, he was an envoy extraordinary to the royal court Naples .

Joseph Karl Ignaz married Sarah Elisabeth Mary, daughter of Peter Henry Barker Esquire in Norfolk on June 15, 1850 . The couple remained childless.

biography

Martini entered the 1st Szekel Border Infantry Regiment No. 4 on June 12, 1818 as a private cadet and received military training at the Graz cadet company. Then on January 1, 1819, he was assigned to the Piret Infantry Regiment No. 27, from there on March 1, 1821 as an Imperial Cadet to the Wohlgemuth No. 14 Infantry Regiment, from which he became a lieutenant in the then 2nd Szekler Border Infantry Regiment No. 14 on April 21, 1824 . 15 was promoted. He then progressed steadily in the ranking: on April 23, 1831 he came as a first lieutenant in the Brood border regiment No. 7, on May 1, 1832 as a lieutenant captain in the Gradiscaner border infantry regiment No. 8, and on April 16, 1836 as a real captain in the Infantry Regiment Haugwitz No. 38, in which he advanced to Major by March 22, 1844 and to Lieutenant Colonel on July 16, 1847 .

Battle near Volta, July 27, 1848
Porta Romana, Milan
Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order

At the time of the March Revolution in 1848, the regiment was in Mantua , which was its second main military district. With a regiment in the fortress, holding the fortress in a country already in revolt was no small task. Above all, his vigilance, combined with his energetic and wise measures, prevented a riot from breaking out, the consequences of which would have been incalculable. On April 7th and 8th he took part in the battle of Montebello , where he commanded the right wing of the brigade of Major General Prince Franz de Paula von und zu Liechtenstein . There he succeeded in overcoming the barricades of the insurgents in order to take the Torre di Consine and the Dazio Bridge in a very short time. The bulk of the brigade had been destined to storm the latter, but since it had only reached Sorio's heights, Martini, having received no orders, advanced inexorably against the enemy, who finally left Montebello in frenzy. At the head of six hussars, the officer rode into this place first, while the main troops held the Dazio Bridge. The attack on Vicenza took place on June 11th. This time, too, he commanded the right wing, now the Brigade Samuel Graf Gyula (u), which was advancing towards the suburb of Santa Lucia . Under the fierce artillery and small gun fire of the enemy, he led the detachments to the storm and inflicted great losses on the crew of the redoubt built there. In the battle near Volta , on July 27th, he was at the head of the assault column on the most dangerous points, during which his horse was shot down and he was wounded during a reconnaissance . Nevertheless, he remained on the battlefield, set up the gun, made careful arrangements and made a major contribution to the conquest and maintenance of this important position. On August 4th, during the struggle for the re-conquest of Milan near Nosedo and Vigentino, now districts of the city , he carried out an act of arms that was extremely decisive in its consequences . The first battalion Haugwitz, which he commanded and was assigned to Major General Edmund Fürst Schwarzenberg's brigade , stood on the convoy path that led from Chiaravalle to Milan towards the Porta Romana . The battalion, led by Martini with flying colors, carried out the storms on the casemates and the town of Nosedo and conquered the city. As soon as Nosedo was taken, however, he learned that a counterattack had been started at Casa Gambaloita. Without waiting for higher orders, he selected two platoons each from the Kaiser and Haugwitz regiments and two guns and hurried there. After a tough struggle and a strategically well thought out approach, he finally threw the enemy back. He was prevented from advancing further by an express injunction.

In the report of the corps commander Konstantin d'Aspre to Field Marshal Radetzky , Martini's act of weaponry was expressly praised and on October 15, 1848, in addition to the ranking, he was appointed Colonel in the Infantry Regiment Prince Emil of Hesse No. On January 14th 1849 he was transferred to the Archduke Wilhelm Infantry Regiment No. 12 and on February 14th of that year to the Emperor Franz Joseph Infantry Regiment No. 1, in which capacity he participated in the second war against Piedmont. In addition, he was honored in his 153rd doctorate on June 29, 1849 with the Knight's Cross of the Maria Theresa Order.

On June 4, 1850 Martini advanced to major general and with a diploma of August 30, 1850, according to the statutes of the Maria Theresa Order, with the predicate "von Nosedo" in the hereditary-Austrian baron status he received as a result of his on On August 4, 1848, in the battle of Nosedo before Milan, they carried out a particularly brave and wise act of arms. In 1851 the general commanded a brigade during the occupation of Schleswig-Holstein . On July 25, 1857 he was promoted to field marshal lieutenant. The baron, who was also the bearer of the Knight's Cross of the Austrian-Imperial Leopold Order with the war decoration and commander 1st class of the royal Hanoverian Guelph Order , was retired as a division general in Graz on August 30, 1859. On December 15, 1862, the baron was appointed by Emperor Franz Joseph I to own the 30th Infantry Regiment.

He is buried in the St. Leonhard Cemetery in Graz .

coat of arms

1850: In blue on a green lawn, a forward-looking, armored, forward-looking knight in silver armor adorned with gold clasps and the helmet decorated with red ostrich feathers. On his left arm the knight wears a round, silver shield and, with his visor closed, dashes to the right on a black bridled white horse draped with a red saddlecloth. The shield is covered by the barons' crown, on which a crowned tournament helmet rises up. Five ostrich feathers tumble out of the crown of the helmet, the second and fourth made of silver, the rest of blue. The helmet covers are blue-silver on both sides.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: Imperial and Imperial Generals (1618-1815), Austrian State Archives / A. Schmidt-Brentano 2006, p. 62
  2. ↑ a b c d Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: "New general German Adels-Lexicon", Volume 6, Friedrich Voigt'sche Buchhandlung, Loewenthal - Osorowski, Verlag Friedrich Voigt's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1865, p. 153
  3. ↑ Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch dir freiheitlichen Häuser, 32nd year, Julius Perthes Verlag, Gotha 1857, p. 480
  4. ^ A b Constantin von Wurzbach : Martini von Nosedo, Joseph Karl Ignaz Freiherr von . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 17th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1867, pp. 28–31 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/mmto4.htm
  6. ^ Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: The kk or kuk Generalität 1816–1918, Austrian State Archives, 1907, p. 113
  7. ↑ Army_Nachrichten No. 24, December 15, 1862, p. 191
personal data
SURNAME Martini by Nosedo, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Martini by Nosedo, Joseph Karl Ignaz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian officer
DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1806
PLACE OF BIRTH New Gradischka , Slavonia
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1868
Place of death Graz