Julius Cornelius Schaarwächter

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Back of a photograph from 1897
Group photo of the imperial family from 1896; Distributed in 1898 by the Neue Photographische Gesellschaft
The young Prince Adalbert of Prussia
The opera singer (soprano) Thila Plaichinger , 1909 first Berliner Elektra by Richard Strauss
Theodor Fontane , 1890
General of the Infantry Albert von Rauch , 1897

Julius Cornelius Schaarwächter (born July 14, 1847 in Amsterdam , † October 14, 1904 in Berlin ) was a German photographer and publisher .

Life

Julius Cornelius Schaarwächter received his training in the photographic studio of his father Julius Schaarwächter (* 1821 in Barmen ; † 1891 in Apeldoorn ). He then completed further training in Berlin at the trade academy with Hermann Vogel . At the end of 1868 he went to Hamburg for two years, where he a. a. worked for the Atelier August Mencke & Co.

On April 4, 1872, Schaarwächter's "Photographic-artistic studio and photographic art publishing house" was opened at Friedrichstrasse 190 in Berlin . The Englishman JR Sawyer , who had visited Schaarwächter, wrote in an essay in the Photographische Mitteilungen about the meticulous care of the photographer. As early as 1882, his studio was covered in the English publication The Photographic Studios of Europe .

In 1886 Schaarwächter moved into his own house at Leipziger Strasse 130; The studio was in the back building, but the street front was entirely geared towards advertising for the photographer. In 1889 Schaarwächter opened a second studio at Potsdamer Straße 7. In the same year E. Kiewning wrote in detail in the magazine Photographisches Archiv about the ambience and furnishings of the “one of the first in the residence ” photographer establishment .

In May 1889, Schaarwächter was promoted to “Court photographer Sr. Majestät des Kaisers u. King and your King Highness of the Hereditary Princess of Saxony-Meiningen, Princess of Prussia ”. His photographs, especially those of the imperial family, including were about the publishing of the company New Photographic sold. He also exhibited them in his shop windows and "accompanied the growing children" of Kaiser Wilhelm II with his photographs.

The photographers Friedrich Goebel (1843–1934) and the later reportage photographer and filmmaker Louis Held (1851–1927) completed their training with Schaarwächter. In the opinion of the author Sybille Einholz he was (in Berlin) "... the most successful photographer of the late 19th century, who was regarded by his contemporaries as internationally important". The archive of the Association for the History of Berlin contains portraits of 17 members from Schaarwächer's studio.

Schaarwächter was buried in the St. Matthew Cemetery in Berlin. In 1938/39, however, his remains were reburied in the south-west cemetery in Stahnsdorf due to a building project by the National Socialists . The sculptor Wilhelm Wandschneider created a grave figure for the (original) grave of the family in the Old St. Matthew Cemetery, which was also brought to Stahnsdorf with the reburial of the deceased and received there as an old reburial in Section B. is.

Exhibitions and awards

Information is considered "not verified" if it can only be found on the lapel of a photograph.
Medals

  • Bronze medal for carbon printing (= pigment printing ) at the Hamburg exhibition in 1868.
  • Silver medal for pigment print portraits at the exhibition for photography, nature and color printing in Groningen / NL 1869; additionally Tijdschrift Nederlandsche Maatschaapij ter bevordering van Nijverheid , Volume 92, de Erven Loosjes, Harlem, 1870, p. 183, online .
  • Participation / presentation of pigment charcoal pictures at the (industrial exhibition) of the Altona 1869 exhibition . (Proof of a medal is currently missing.)
  • Acknowledgeable achievement for charcoal pictures (= pigment printing) . Because of a successful execution at the general industrial exhibition in C [K] assel 1870.
  • Merit medal for portraits on the occasion of the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873 (photography department).
  • Bronze medal for portrait studies at the photographic exhibition of the Photographic Society in Vienna in 1875.
  • Medal for artistically excellent portraits at the World's Fair in Philadelphia 1876 .
  • First prize for excellent work in the portrait field at the exhibition of the reproductive arts in Nuremberg in 1877.
  • 1889 at the trade and industry exhibition in Hamburg (not verified)
  • 1890 in Bremen (not verified)
  • Gold medal in the photography category (grade 12) at the Paris World's Fair in 1900 .

Juror Schaarwächter was a juror at international exhibitions:

  • Member of the jury at the 1st Photographic Exhibition in Brussels in 1875.
  • 1876 ​​in Utrecht at the art and industry exhibition.
  • 1877 in Amsterdam (not verified)

Court photographer

Medals and decorations (not verified)

  • Medal of Merit for Art and Science in Silver ( Saxony-Ernestine House Order and Medals of the Dukes), (awarded between 1892 and 1905)
  • Duke Alfred Medal (to be worn around the neck) (Saxon-Ernestine House Order and Dukes' Medals), (awarded between 1892 and 1905)

Secondary literature

  • Studio in Prussia . Mr. JC Schaarwachter in the Friedrichstrasse, Berlin. In: H. Baden Pritchard: The Photographic Studios of Europe , London: Piper & Carter, 1882, pp. 227–232, ( digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3Dphotographicstu00pritgoog~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dn233~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
  • Bernd and Fred Ruchhöft: Wilhelm Wandschneider. Life and work of a sculptor from Mecklenburg . Self-published, Plau am See 1992
  • Hermann Vogel (Ed.): Photographische Mitteilungen , Robert Oppenheim, Berlin, 5th year, 1869, 6th year, 1870
  • ON: Exhibition Altona 1869 Catalog with guide , Hermann Uflacker, Altona, 1869.
  • Dr. E. Hornig (Ed.): Photographische Correspondenz , Vienna, 7th year, 1870, 10th year, 1873, 12th year, 1875, 13th year, 1876, 14th year, 1877

literature

  • Irene Ziehe; Ulrich Hägele (Hrsg.): Photos - "beautiful and useful at the same time" / the object photography , Vol. 2 in the series Visual Culture: Studies and Materials / on behalf of the photography commission of the German Society for Folklore . Lit, Münster / Berlin / Hamburg / London / Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-8258-8663-8 , p. 120; books.google.de
  • Eduard Kiewning: The Atelier JC Schaarwächter in Berlin 1889 . In: Paul Liesegang (Ed.): Photographisches Archiv , Vol. 30, VIII. Issue / No. 620 (April 16, 1889), pp. 116-119 and IX. Issue / No. 621 (May 1, 1889), pp. 139–142, for a copy see Dr. Schaarwächter (website).
  • Sibylle Einholz : The association for the history of Berlin as reflected in the history of photography . In: Bär von Berlin 2006 . Association for the History of Berlin, Berlin 2006, ISSN  0522-0033
  • Saur's general artist dictionary . de Gruyter, 2007, p. 478
  • Renate and Eberhard Renno (eds.): Louis Held. Court photographer in Weimar - reporter at the turn of the century . VEB Fotokinoverlag, Leipzig 1985, p. 8.

Web links

Commons : Julius Schaarwächter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Journals (photography)  - sources and full texts
  • Crowd guard Cornelius. Europeana , accessed October 30, 2016 .
  • Dr. Jürgen Schaarwächter: Julius C. Schaarwächter. In: Schaarwächter. Retrieved October 30, 2016 .
  • Depth of Field. In: ScherpteDiepe. Accessed October 30, 2016 (English, Search = Schaarwächter).
  • Prof. Dr. Sibylle Einholz: Ateliers. In: Berlin photography studios of the 19th century. Berlin University of Technology and Business (HTW), accessed on October 30, 2016 .
  • Kerstin Delang: Schaarwächter, Julius Cornelius. In: Archives of Photographers. Deutsche Fotothek, accessed on October 30, 2016 .
  • JC Schaarwächter. In: Photographers. Luminous-Lint.com, accessed October 30, 2016 .
  • Danuta Thiel-Melerski: JC Schaarwächter. In: Lexicon of Photographers. Retrieved October 30, 2016 (collection of photographs, representation of the lapels).
  • Ryszard Hałabura: Eduart Kiewning. 2015, accessed October 30, 2016 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ a b c d Schaarwächter, Julius Cornelius . German photo library
  2. ↑ Imprint under photo of Thila Plaichinger.
  3. ↑ ScherpteDiepe
  4. ↑ 1870 and 1871 there are entries in the Hamburg address book for JC Schaarwächter with the address: Zeughausmarkt 35. When participating in the exhibitions in Hamburg (1868), Groningen (1869), Altona (1869) and Kassel (1870), the place name “Hamburg” is behind given his name.
  5. ↑ This contradicts the information on the website (accessed October 18, 2015) of the Deutsche Fotothek on Schaarwächter. Sources: see individual reference "Bronze medal for carbon printing ". After August Mencke died in 1862, his widow continued the photography studio on Bleichenbrücke and later on Neuer Wall . Since A. Mencke & Co established itself as a publishing house and printing company with an address in Wandsbek in the years after 1870, this could be the beginning or improvement of this activity.
  6. ↑ a b Irene Ziehe, Ulrich Hägele: Photos - “beautiful and useful at the same time”… .
  7. ^ H. Baden Pritchard, FCS, The Photographic Studios of Europe , pp. 227–232 [1]
  8. ↑ Berliner Börsenzeitung, May 30, 1889
  9. ↑ Photo with subtitles
  10. ↑ Berlin photography studios of the 19th century . Click on the studios required.
  11. ↑ Goebel, Friedrich, German photographer . In: Saurs General Artist Lexicon . de Gruyter, 2007, p. 478
  12. ↑ Renate and Eberhard Renno, p. 8.
  13. ↑ a b Sibylle Einholz: The Association for the History of Berlin ... , p. 30.
  14. ^ English translation of a studio description from 1889 by luminous-lint.
  15. ↑ Bernd and Fred Ruchhöft
  16. ↑ Photographische Mitteilungen , Vol. 5, 1869, p. 240. Here Schaarwächter is given with the place name “Hamburg”. His father Julius Schaarwächter was a juror at this exhibition (source: ScherpteDiepe , nl. Website). On p. 231 it can be read that Schaarwächter made the pigment print of “the [printing] establishment A. Mencke & Co” for this exhibition. Schaarwächter was then a student of Hermann Vogel. Since Vogel taught at the trade academy, it can be assumed that Schaarwächter worked there in Berlin. He then went to Hamburg a. a. to A. Mencke & Co (additionally Die Pigmentdrucke von A. Mencke & Co in Hamburg , p. 234).
  17. ↑ Photographische Mitteilungen , 6th Jg., 1870, p. 131. Here Schaarwächter is given with the place name "Hamburg". The father Julius Schaarwächter was a juror at this exhibition (source: ScherpteDiepe ).
  18. ↑ In this Dutch magazine you can read the place name "Nijmegen" next to the name JC Schaarwächter.
  19. ^ ON: Exhibition Altona 1869 Catalog with Guide , p. 11 (SLUB) (photographs and photography related). Here Schaarwächter is given with the place name "Hamburg".
  20. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , 7th year, 1870, p. 240. Here Schaarwächter is given with the place name "Hamburg".
  21. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , Volume 10, 1873, p. 87.
  22. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , 12th year, 1875, p. 160.
  23. ↑ There is no specification in the article.
  24. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , Volume 13, 1876, p. 231.
  25. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , 14th year, 1877, p. 265.
  26. ^ Photographische Rundschau , 14th year, Wilhelm Knapp, Halle / S., 1900, 9th issue, (last page without numbering), ( digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D~IA%3Dbub_gb_XcwEAAAAYAAJ~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3Dn447~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D ).
  27. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , 12th year 1875, p. 205.
  28. ↑ Photographische Correspondenz , 13th year, 1876, p. 75 u. P. 195.
  29. ↑ Thuringian State Archives Gotha, special inventories, Saxon-Ernestine house orders and medals of the dukes, Saxony Ernestine house order (SEHO) and medals of the dukes, Medal of Merit for Art and Science, Medal of Merit for Art and Science in silver, Thuringia archive portal (38807)
  30. ^ Thuringian State Archives Gotha, Thuringia archives portal (38807)
personal data
SURNAME Schaarwächter, Julius Cornelius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schaarwächter, JC; Schaarwächter, Julius; Schaarwächter, Julius C.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German (court) photographer
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Amsterdam
DATE OF DEATH October 14, 1904
Place of death Berlin