Justo Perez de Urbel

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Justo Pérez de Urbel (1933)

Justo Pérez Santiago (also: Justo Pérez de Urbel y Santiago ; born August 7, 1895 in Pedrosa de Río Úrbel , Spain ; † July 29, 1979 in Madrid , Spain) was a Spanish Benedictine monk , medievalist and the first abbot of the Benedictine abbey of Holy Cross in the Valley of the Fallen ( Spanish : Monasterio de la Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos / Abadía Benedictina de la Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos).

Career

Justo Pérez Santiago was born in Pedrosa de Río Úrbel in 1895 as one of seven children of Salvador Pérez and Francisca Santiago. His parents were farmers and his father owned a shop in the village. From the age of twelve, in 1907, he attended the monastery school near the Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos - a Benedictine monastery in the town of the same name, which is located in the south of the northern Spanish province of Burgos . In 1912 he entered the Benedictine order. When Abbot Guepín died on April 30, 1917 , the historian Luciano Serrano succeeded him. With the change of the abbot, the plan to send Justo Pérez Santiago to Rome ( Italy ) was abandoned , who was still a novice at the time . He then devoted himself to his historical studies in the monastery library . His ordination took place on August 25, 1918. From 1925 he published hagiographic , historical and religious studies. He was a well-known religious writer and author of historical works as early as the time of the Second Spanish Republic .

During the Spanish Civil War , the headquarters of General Franco's nationalist government moved to Burgos in mid-1938 and the headquarters (Delegación Nacional) of their women's organization Sección Femenina moved to the Salesian convent in Burgos . In the following years, Pilar Primo de Rivera , founder and director of the Sección Femenina , looked for a spiritual leader for her organization. She was the sister of José Antonio Primo de Rivera , the founder of the Falange, and daughter of the former Spanish dictator Miguel Primo de Rivera . The Spanish sociologist, academic and journalist Severino Aznar , the father of Agustín Aznar , told her about Justo Pérez Santiago. As a result, Pilar proposed to Abbot Luciano Serrano Santiago as a candidate for this post.

In 1938 Justo Pérez Santiago was appointed director of the nationalist youth magazine Flechas y Pelayos and also worked on the Clarín and Maravillas magazines . During his time at Flechas y Pelayos he worked with Avelino de Aróztegui and Pilar Valle . Flechas y Pelayos emerged from a merger of two previous magazines ( Flechas and Pelayo ). The amalgamation of the magazines was intended to overcome tensions between two factions within the nationalist camp. In addition to managing the magazine, he wrote the section "Doctrina y estilo."

At the end of the Spanish Civil War, he was appointed prior of the Church of Nuestra Señora de Montserrat (Spanish: Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de Montserrat ) in Madrid, which had belonged to the Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos since 1918 . At the same time, he was acting as a censor , handling inquiries regarding the introduction of new comics .

An Arabic stele found by Justo Pérez de Urbel in the Castillo de Saldaña (2008)

In the following years Justo Pérez Santiago became deputy professor of history at the Universities of Granada and Murcia . He worked in the Technical Information Office of the Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación and was a member of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas . He earned a degree in history in 1946 and a doctorate in 1950. Since 1950 he has held the Chair of Medieval History at the Complutense University of Madrid .

Justo Pérez Santiago was a member of the Consejo Nacional del Movimiento (the first quasi-parliamentary assembly under the dictatorship of Francisco Franco ) and from March 16, 1943, as Procurador en Cortes, a member of the Cortes Generales (the long-standing Francoist council after the end of the Spanish Civil war).

Benedictine Abbey of the Holy Cross in the Valley of the Fallen (2008)

On July 17, 1958, after the opening of the Valle de los Caídos by Franco, he was appointed the first abbot of the Benedictine Abbey of Santa Cruz del Valle de los Caídos , which is located near Cuelgamuros near the municipality of El Escorial in the Sierra de Guadarrama . The inauguration took place in the presence of Luis Carrero Blanco and the Minister of the Interior (Spanish: Ministro de la Gobernación ) Camilo Alonso Vega , while the monastery was consecrated by the Abbot of Santo Domingo de Silos , Isaac María Toribios Ramos . Santiago held the post until his resignation in 1966, which was due to his poor health.

From 1964 to 1967 he was a member of the tenth National Council of FET y de las JONS .

In the course of his life he learned several languages. In addition to Spanish, Justo Pérez Santiago spoke fluent French , as well as good English and German . He was also familiar with Hebrew , Greek , Latin, and Arabic .

Works (selection)

His literary work is very extensive. He wrote many books and hundreds of articles, reviews, translations, etc. He made his first literary experience with the Boletín de Silos , in which he worked for many years. At the age of 18 he published a poem in honor of Santo Domingo de Silos and the following year a hymn to the Abbot of Silos.

His best known works in history include:

  • 1945: Historia del Condado de Castilla
  • 1950: Sancho el Mayor de Navarra
  • 1952: Fernan González, el héroe que hizo a Castilla
  • 1952: Sampiro. Su crónica y la monarquía leonesa en el siglo X
  • 1969: El Condado de Castilla: los 300 años en que se hizo Castilla
  • 1979: García Fernández (El conde de las bellas manos)

Among his hagiographic and liturgical works are:

  • Vida de Cristo
  • El año cristiano (5 volumes between 1933 and 1935)
  • San Pablo , apóstol de las gentes

Honors (selection)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Norberto Núñez: Fr. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 13
  2. ^ Fray Justo Pérez de Urbel, abad del Valle de los Caídos, Diario de Burgos, July 18, 1958
  3. ^ Norberto Núñez: Br. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 4
  4. ↑ a b c Norberto Núñez: Fr. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 5
  5. ^ Norberto Núñez: Br. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 6
  6. ^ Norberto Núñez: Br. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 9
  7. ^ Norberto Núñez: Fr. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 10f
  8. ↑ a b c d e Norberto Núñez: Fr. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 12
  9. ↑ a b Antonio Martín Martínez: Apuntes para una historia de los tebeos III. Tiempos heroicos del tebeo español (1936-1946), 1968, p. 64f
  10. ↑ a b Norberto Núñez: Fr. Justo Pérez de Úrbel: Reseña biográfica en el 30 aniversario de su muerte, 2009, p. 11
  11. ^ Antonio Martín Martínez: Apuntes para una historia de los tebeos III. Tiempos heroicos del tebeo español (1936-1946), 1968, p. 67
  12. ↑ Decreto de 23 de noviembre de 1942 por el que se modifica la composición del Consejo Nacional de FET y de las JONS y se nombran los miembros del tercer Consejo Nacional (decree of 23 November 1942, which sets the composition of the National Council of FET and the JONS changes and names the members of the third National Council)
  13. ↑ a b Justo Pérez de Urbel on the website of diccionariodehistoriadores.unizar.es
  14. ↑ Congreso de los Diputados , congreso.es
  15. ↑ Justo Pérez de Urbel: Vida de Cristo (in Spanish), 5th ed., Ediciones Rialp, 2004, ISBN 9788432135163

Web links
personal data
SURNAME Perez de Urbel, Justo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pérez de Urbel y Santiago, Justo (alternative name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish Benedictine monk and abbot
DATE OF BIRTH August 7, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Pedrosa de Río Úrbel , Spain
DATE OF DEATH July 29, 1979
Place of death Madrid , Spain