Cards
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Wild teasel ( Dipsacus fullonum ) |
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| Dipsacus | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The cardens ( Dipsacus ) are a genus of plants in the subfamily of cardiac plants (Dipsacoideae) within the honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae). The 20 or so species are widespread in Eurasia and North Africa.
description
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Vegetative characteristics
The card species are vigorous, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants . The above-ground parts of the plant are bare or hairy. The stems are erect, branched and prickly.
The oppositely arranged leaves can be divided into petioles and leaf blades and often fused at the base. The leaf blades are simple or divided. The central ribs on the underside of the leaves are also often prickly.
Generative characteristics
A heady, egg-shaped to cylindrical, spiked inflorescence stands on a long inflorescence stem . The bracts are as long as or longer than the bracts of the flowers. There are two rows of bracts. There are stinging leaves of chaff on the bottom of the head . The outer cup is very small and barely toothed. The calyx is square, whole or toothed, has no bristles. The crown is unevenly four-lobed. Marginal flowers are not ray-flowers. Two of the four stamens are fertile. The scar is on the side.
The nutty , ribbed-furrowed closing fruits have four edges.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Dipsacus was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum . A synonym for Dipsacus L. is Simenia Szabó . The species previously listed as an independent genus "Schuppenkarden" ( Virga Hill ) are placed in the genus Dipsacus .
The genus Dipsacus is widespread in Europe, the Mediterranean , North Africa, and South and East Asia.
The genus Dipsacus contains about 20 species (selection):
- Dipsacus arcimusci Lojac. : This endemic occurs only in Sicily .
- Dipsacus cephalarioides V.A. Matthews & Kupicha : It was first described from Turkey in 1972.
- Dipsacus comosus Hoffmanns. & Link : In Europe it only occurs on the Iberian Peninsula .
- Spiny teasel ( Dipsacus ferox Loisel. ): It occurs in France , Italy , Bulgaria , Corsica , Sardinia and Porto Santo .
- Wild teasel ( Dipsacus fullonum L. , Syn .: Dipsacus sylvestris Huds. ): It is widespread in Europe, North Africa and West Asia.
- Dipsacus gmelinii M.Bieb. : It occurs from Romania across the northern Caucasus and the southern part of European Russia to Ukraine .
- Dipsacus inermis Wall. : It iswidespreadin Asia from Afghanistan to China.
- Schlitzblatt-Karde ( Dipsacus laciniatus L. ): The home is Europe, West and Central Asia , u. a. Central Europe.
- Hairy teasel ( Dipsacus pilosus L. , Syn .: Virga pilosa (L.) Hill , Cephalaria pilosa (L.) Gren. & Godr. ), U. a. in Central Europe, Western Europe and Southeast Europe.
- Weber teasel ( Dipsacus sativus (L.) Honck. ): It is only known naturalized, u. a. in Europe, including Central Europe, plus North and South America.
- Slim teasel ( Dipsacus strigosus Willd. Ex Roem. & Schult. ): It is native to Southeastern Europe and is u. a. in Central Europe a neophyte .
photos
Wild teasel ( Dipsacus fullonum )
Slit-leaf teasel ( Dipsacus laciniatus )
Slit-leaf teasel ( Dipsacus laciniatus )
Slit-leaf teasel ( Dipsacus laciniatus )
Hairy teasel ( Dipsacus pilosus )
Weber teasel ( Dipsacus sativus )
swell
literature
- Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
- Werner Greuter, Hervé-Maurice Burdet, Guy Long (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 3: Dicotyledones (Convolvulaceae - Labiatae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1986, ISBN 2-8277-0153-7 , p. 179-180 ( online ).
- Yasin J. Nasir: Dipsacaceae . In: SI Ali, M. Qaiser (Ed.): Flora of West Pakistan . tape 94 . Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi 1975, OCLC 311348861 , Dipsacus , p. 9 ( online at efloras.org and at Tropicos . At Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum . tape 1 . Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 97 ( online ).
- ^ Dipsacus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on April 21, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e Dipsacus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i G. Domina (2017+): Dipsacaceae. - Datasheet Dipsacus In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
- ↑ Yasin J. Nasir: Dipsacaceae . In: SI Ali, M. Qaiser (Ed.): Flora of West Pakistan . tape 94 . Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi 1975, OCLC 311348861 , Dipsacus , p. 9 ( online at efloras.org and at Tropicos . At Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis).
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