Karl Wilmanns (medic)

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Franz Karl Heinrich Wilmanns (born July 26, 1873 in Durango , Mexico , † August 23, 1945 in Wiesbaden ) was a German psychiatrist .

Live and act

Wilmanns was born as the son of the Hanseatic merchant and scholarly family Wilmanns in Mexico , came to Germany at the age of six and grew up in Bremen. He studied in Bonn , Göttingen and Berlin and received his doctorate in 1897 with a pharmacological dissertation : The direct excitation of the respiratory center by the alcohol .

From 1898 to 1901 he was assistant to Anton Delbrück - who described the pseudologia phantastica - in the St. Jürgen Asylum in Bremen and with Carl Wilhelm Pelman at the sanatorium and nursing home in Bonn . In 1902 he became Emil Kraepelin's assistant at the Grand Ducal Psychiatric University Clinic in Heidelberg , where he completed his habilitation in 1906 under his successor, Franz Nissl , and became an associate professor in 1912. As an "auxiliary doctor " - today senior physician  - from Nissl, he promoted the medical student and volunteer assistant Karl Jaspers . During the First World War he was temporarily active as a medical officer.

In 1917, as the successor to Leopold Oster (1863–1917), he was briefly director of the Grand Ducal Baden sanatorium and nursing home near Konstanz , and in 1918 Wilmanns was appointed Nissl's successor as head of the Heidelberg University Psychiatric Clinic.

In 1933 he was dismissed from civil service on the basis of Section 4 of the newly introduced “ Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service ” , because shortly before the National Socialists came to power he had made disrespectful statements about Hitler and Göring . In a lecture he should have found: "Hitler has suffered following its field spillage a hysterical reaction had" . He said of Goering that he was a " chronic morphinist " . His successor was Carl Schneider , who was a supporter of the National Socialists and had put himself in the service of euthanasia .

family

Karl Wilmanns' father was a merchant and partner in various trading houses in Durango, Torreón and Honolulu . His mother Ottilie Delius was the daughter of the textile entrepreneur and landowner Heinrich Anton Delius , who worked temporarily in Mexico and came from the Versmold dynasty of linen traders. Karl Wilmanns was a brother of the chemist Gustav Wilmanns .

The lawyer and member of the Reichstag Karl Wilmanns , the ancient historian Gustav Heinrich Wilmanns and the Germanist Wilhelm Wilmanns were brothers of his father Franz Rudolph Florenz.

The doctor Richard and the history didactician Ernst Wilmanns were cousins ​​of Karl Wilmanns. Their father Hilmar, consul and merchant in Durango, was a brother of Karl Wilmann's father.

Karl Wilmanns died in August 1945 and was buried in the family grave of Franz Rudolph and Ottilie Wilmanns at the Bremen-Osterholz cemetery.

Prinzhorn Collection

Kraepelin and Wilmanns had already collected drawings and watercolors from patients at the Heidelberg University Psychiatric Clinic. This collection was extensively expanded between 1919 and 1922 by Hans Prinzhorn , who was Wilmanns' assistant, on his behalf. The resulting “Prinzhorn Collection” now includes around 5,000 works by around 450 patients in psychiatric institutions.

Fonts (selection)

  • 1902 The tramp's psychoses. Zentralblatt der Nervenheilkunde und Psychiatrie 25: 729–746
  • 1905 The vagrancy, its remedy and fight. Monthly for criminology and criminal law reform 1: 605–620
  • 1906 On the psychopathology of the vagabond. Barth, Leipzig
  • 1908 About prison psychoses. C. Marhold, Halle / Saale 1908, 65 pp. - Wilmanns, Karl (1908) on Wikiversity
  • 1911 together with P. Nitsche: The history of detention psychoses. Journal of Neurology, Papers and Supplements. Pp. 353–382 (also New York 1912)
  • 1932 Red. Schizophrenia . In: Oswald Bumke (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Geistkrankheiten. Vol. 9. Springer, Berlin

literature

  • Wilhelm Stekel : Lecture evening February 6, 1907 Psychological Wednesday Society Vienna: On "On the Psychology of the Tramp" by Karls Wilmanns and on "The Psychology of Dementia praecox by Carl Gustav Jung " , in: Hermann Nunberg and Ernst Federn : Protocols of the Vienna Psychoanalytical Association, Volume I, 1906–1908, Fischer Frankfurt am Main 1976, pp. 97 + 98.
  • Karl Wilmanns: Lues, Lamas, Leninists. Diary of a trip through Russia to the Buryat Republic in the summer of 1926 , with a med.-historical introduction by Susan Gross Solomon, Centaurus Pfaffenweiler, Modern Medicine and Science History, Vol. 1, Ed. Wolfgang U. Eckart , 1995. Karl Wilmanns: Lues lamas Leninists .
  • Alma Kreuter: German-speaking neurologists and psychiatrists. Bd. 3 Paetz to Zwinger . Saur, Munich a. a. 1996, pp. 1588-1590.
  • Maike Rotzoll & Thomas Röske: Karl Wilmanns (1873–1945) and the birth of the Prinzhorn Collection from the war , in: Ingo Runde (ed.): The University of Heidelberg and its professors during the First World War. Contributions to the conference in the Heidelberg University Archives on November 6 and 7, 2014 (= Heidelberger Schriften zur Universitätsgeschichte 6) , Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2017, pp. 279–296, ISBN 978-3-8253-6695-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Direct lineage from Peter Gustav Wilmanns ( Memento from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ^ Family grave of Franz Rudolph and Ottilie Wilmanns in the cemetery Bremen-Osterholz
personal data
SURNAME Wilmanns, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wilmanns, Franz Karl Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German neurologist and psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH July 26, 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Victoria de Durango , Mexico
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1945
Place of death Wiesbaden