Kelze

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Kelze
City of Hofgeismar
Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ′ 53 "  N , 9 ° 22 ′ 17"  E
Height : 199 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 257 (HW + NW)
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Postal code : 34369
Area code : 05671
Kelze from the northwest (2020)
Protestant church

Kelze is a formerly independent municipality in the Kassel district in northern Hesse . Kelze has been part of the city of Hofgeismar since the Hessian regional reform in the early 1970s .

history

The Carnival on Ash Wednesday and the Mayence Festival on the first Sunday in May are still reminiscent of the folk customs of the French residents who found a new home in Kelze from 1699. In the 17th century, Landgrave Carl von Hessen also settled French religious refugees ( Huguenots ) in the vicinity of the town of Hofgeismar , who had lost their home after the Edict of Fontainebleau and the abolition of religious freedom in France in 1685. Huguenots and Waldensian refugees also found a new home here, who had been expelled in 1698 on the orders of Louis XIV . After 1698, after the expulsion of Waldensians (in Kelze, e.g. from Orpierre ), Waldensian communities also formed in other areas of Germany.

Kelze was created following this second expulsion of religious refugees from France from 1699 onwards on the site of a desolate village that was mentioned in 1146 under the name Oberkelze.

The Protestant church in the cross-shaped village of Kelze was built in half-timbering and inaugurated in 1709.

David Clement

The pastoral care of the community was carried out in the early years by Pastor David Clément until his death in 1725. Clément had been pastor of the French Reformed community at the Neustädter Church in Hofgeismar since 1686 . A memorial plaque on the Neustädter Church and a statue erected not far from the church commemorate his work in Hofgeismar until his death on January 29, 1725. His entries in the parish register from 1686 to 1725 provide information about official acts in the French Reformed parish in Hofgeismar, but later also in Carlsdorf , Kelze and Schöneberg .

In the census of 1779 131 people in 36 households were recorded in Kelze, of which 22 were purely French households and a further eight households in which one spouse was of French descent. Due to the high child mortality rate at the time, the number of the population had hardly changed since the town was re-established. The village population was active in agriculture in 1779, with some residents secondary occupations were recorded, including two stocking makers, a shoemaker and a weaver.

time of the nationalsocialism

As early as the 1920 Reichstag election , the Kelz citizens voted for conservative and extreme right-wing parties. In the Reichstag election of December 7, 1924 , a National Socialist grouping received 16.8% of the vote. In the Reichstag elections in 1930 , the NSDAP achieved 45.6% of the vote in Kelze, making it the strongest party. The NSDAP thus replaced the DNVP as the dominant force, which had achieved results of 60.2% to 83.3% in the Reichstag elections 1920–1928. In the Reichstag elections in 1932 the NSDAP increased its result to 93.2% ( 1932, I ), 82.7% ( 1932, II ). In the runoff election for Reich President in 1932 , in which Hindenburg was victorious, Adolf Hitler received 94.0% of the votes in Kelze (Hofgeismar district 51.1%, Germany 36.7%). In the referendum initiated by the anti-republic steel helmet on August 9, 1931, 87.1% of 148 eligible voters voted for the dissolution of the Prussian state parliament. As early as 1931 there were reports of anti-democratic and anti-republic violence against republic-loyal residents from Kelze. The innkeeper family and owner of a shop Jean Bonnet was portrayed as particularly supportive of National Socialism during this time . During the Weimar Republic and National Socialism , Kelze is generally regarded as a stronghold of National Socialism.

Incorporation

On February 1, 1971, Kelze was incorporated into the city of Hofgeismar as part of the regional reform in Hesse .

partnership

  • FranceFranceA partnership with the French municipality of Maringues has existed since 1984 .

Cultural monuments

For the cultural monuments of the place under monument protection see the list of cultural monuments in Kelze .

Honorary citizen

literature

  • Auguste Homburg: The French colony Kelze . Hofdruckerei Paul Schulz, Hofgeismar 1941.
  • Friedrich Bleibaum (editor): District Hofgeismar (= Handbook of the Heimatbund for Kurhessen, Waldeck and Upper Hesse , vol. 3). Oberhessische Presse, Marburg / Lahn 1966, p. 158 ff.
  • Jochen Desel : French Villages: 300 Years of Kelze and Schöneberg , Volume II: German Immigrants 1669–1779 . Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies Kassel 1834, branch association Hofgeismar, Hofgeismar 1999.

Web links

Commons : Kelze  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Numbers and facts (main and secondary residences). In: Internet presence. City of Hofgeismar, archived from the original ; accessed in July 2018 .
  2. ↑ Th. Klein: "The Hessians as Reichstag voters: Tables for the political history of the country 1867-1933" , second volume, first part volume, Marburg 1992 (publication of the Historical Commission for Hesse, 51), pp. 529-565
  3. ↑ Handwritten compilation of the results of the Reichstag election of December 7, 1924 (StAM, inventory 180 LA Hofgeismar No. 3520)
  4. ↑ Hofgeismarer Zeitung, Vol. 58, No. 288, December 8, 1924.
  5. ↑ Report of the county council Vecherer to the provincial government of 18 June 1931 (StAM, Inventory 165 no. 7010)
  6. ↑ Copy of the report by Oberlandjäger Trochim to the Chief Public Prosecutor of June 15, 1931 (StAM, inventory 165 No. 7010).
  7. ↑ Michael Schmitt: “A Republican on Outposts: A Political Controversy in the Hofgeismar District at the End of the Weimar Republic. Depicted in an incident in the community of Kelze. ” , In the magazine of the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies , Volume 100, Kassel 1995
  8. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , para. 11 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 398 .