Friedrich Bleibaum

Friedrich Bleibaum (born May 1, 1885 in Hanover , † March 30, 1974 in Marburg ) was a German art historian and from 1945 to 1950 the first state curator of Hesse . He played an important role in the development of monument preservation in Hesse .

Conservationist

After attending the Ratsgymnasium and the Oberrealschule in Hanover, Bleibaum studied architecture at the Technical University of Hanover from 1905 to 1910 , after which he worked in Otto Lüer's construction office . In 1914 he received his doctorate in Hanover on the Hanoverian sculptor Johann Friedrich Blasius Ziesenis . After the war he became assistant to the district curator Alois Holtmeyer in Kassel in April 1919 . As part of the Hessian art monuments inventory , he wrote Volume 7, Part 1 on Wilhelmstal Castle (1926). In 1926 Bleibaum succeeded Holtmeyer as district curator. He succeeded in increasing his staff, u. a. an inventory group , which dealt with the recording of the Hessian cultural monuments and was composed of two art historians and an architect , and a photographer.

In 1940 the two monument offices of the regional councils of Kassel and Wiesbaden were merged into one central office for the entire Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau in Marburg . Friedrich Bleibaum was appointed provincial curator and set up his new office in the Hotel Ritter opposite the Elisabeth Church . The employees who were not called up for military service in the Second World War had to evacuate endangered works of art into safe magazines with the increase in air raids on Germany. A large number of works of art such as altars , stained glass windows and statues from churches, state and private buildings could be saved from destruction. However, the rich inventory of architectural monuments in the cities of Kassel , Frankfurt am Main , Darmstadt , Offenbach am Main and Hanau was extensively destroyed .

After the state of Greater Hesse was founded on September 19, 1945, the previous provincial curator, Friedrich Bleibaum, was appointed state curator based in Marburg by the US occupation forces , so he was able to continue his previous work without interruption. At that time, he and his employees were called in by the Americans to secure and inventory the previously evacuated objects as part of the activities of the Marburg Central Collecting Point . The main task of the preservation of monuments in the post-war period, however, was to help rebuild the destroyed cities. The second task of the preservation of monuments in Hesse was to reduce the backlog of renovation work that had accumulated since 1914 on monuments that had no longer been systematically maintained.

After Friedrich Bleibaum retired in 1950, the preservation of monuments was decentralized , the central monument office in Marburg was dissolved and its tasks were distributed among the branch offices. The functions of Friedrich Bleibaum took the body responsible for historic preservation officer in the Hesse Ministry of Culture , Karl Nothnagel , in personal union true.

The merit of Friedrich Bleibaum is the extensive Heritage Hesse historic town halls and local images from truss to have moved into the public consciousness.

Heimatbund

In 1928 Friedrich Bleibaum was a founding member of the former Kurhessischer Heimatbund (today: Society for Culture and Monument Preservation - Hessischer Heimatbund ). From 1947 he was its deputy chairman, from 1953 he was chairman until 1973 and was then made honorary chairman. He combined his official position as district curator with work in the Heimatbund. Under the rule of National Socialism , Bleibaum succeeded in maintaining the profile of the Heimatbund and largely fending off the Gleichschaltung that began in 1933 ; he was a member of the Freemasons Association .

Honors

• 1952: Cross of Merit (Steckkreuz) of the Federal Republic of Germany

Fonts (selection)

As a writer

• Carver families of the Hanoverian and Hildesheim Baroque (= studies on German art history, no. 227). JHE Heitz, Strasbourg 1924.
• The architectural and art monuments in the Kassel administrative region , vol. 7: Hofgeismar district , part 1: Wilhelmstal Palace . Self-published by the state administration, Cassel 1926.
• Wilhelmstal Castle and François de Cuvilliés d. Ä. (= Yearbook of the preservation of monuments in the Kassel administrative region, 2nd special issue). Bernecker, Melsungen 1932.
• Johann August Nahl (1710–1781), the artist of Frederick the Great and the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel . RM Rohrer, Baden near Vienna / Leipzig 1933.
• (Co-author): Kurhessisches Kulturhaus. Former Palais Schlieffen. Kassel. Memorandum on the occasion of the rebuilding and renovation of the Königsplatz building . AG Druck und Verlag, Kassel 1938.
• The Hessian half-timbering and its care (= publications for internal advertising of the Hessian tourist associations, issue 2). Tourist Association Kurhessen and Waldeck, Kassel 1957.
• The restoration of Birstein Castle . In: Hessian homeland. Aus Natur und Geschichte , Vol. 11 (1961), pp. 19–24.
• Fritzlar. Portrait of a historical city . Magistrate of the City of Fritzlar, Fritzlar 1964.

As editor and editor

• Exposed wall and panel paintings from the 11th to the 17th century (= Yearbook of Monument Preservation in the Kassel Administrative Region , Vol. 2). Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel 1936.
• Restored wall and panel paintings from the 14th and 15th centuries (= Yearbook of Monument Preservation in the Kassel Administrative Region , Vol. 3). Bärenreiter-Verlag, Kassel 1938.
• Handbook of the Heimatbund for Kurhessen, Waldeck and Oberhessen
  • Vol. 1: Frankenberg district . Bernecker, Melsungen 1961.
  • Vol. 2: District of Hersfeld . Bernecker, Melsungen 1966.
  • Vol. 3: Hofgeismar district . Bernecker, Melsungen 1966.
  • Vol. 4: Witzenhausen district. Festschrift for the 150th anniversary of the Witzenhausen district . Koch, Marburg 1971.

literature

• Christian Burger: The new district curator. In: Hessenland , vol. 40 (1928), pp. 74-76.
• Gottfried Kiesow : On the development of monument preservation in Hessen. In: Denkmalpflege in Hessen 1 (1988), pp. 2-6.
• Albrecht Kippenberger: Friedrich Bleibaum as an art historian and researcher . In: Hessian homeland. Organ of the Heimatbund for Kurhessen, Waldeck and Oberhessen , Vol. 20 (1970), Issue 2/3, pp. 38–42.
• Folckert Lüken-Isberner: Big plans for Kassel 1919-1949 , urban development and urban planning projects, Marburg 2017
• Gerhard Seib: Friedrich Bleibaum as a university teacher . In: Hessian homeland. Organ of the Heimatbund for Kurhessen, Waldeck and Oberhessen , vol. 20 (1970), issue 2/3, pp. 42-46.

Web links

• Bleibaum, Friedrich. Hessian biography. (As of April 27, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ GS: In Memoriam Friedrich Bleibaum 1885–1974 . In: Hessische Heimat , vol. 24 (1974), p. 181; Fritz Wolff: The Hessian Heimatbund in its history . In: Hessische Heimat , vol. 34 (1984), pp. 119-140.
2. ^ Gottfried Kiesow: Introduction to the preservation of monuments . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1982, p. 25 f .; Adolf Kallweit: Freemasonry in Hessen-Kassel. Agis-Verlag, Baden-Baden 1966, p. 260.