Fischhausen Church (East Prussia)
The church in Fischhausen am Frischen Haff in East Prussia was a brick building and dates from the 14th century. From the Reformation until 1945 it was a Protestant house of worship, which was badly damaged in World War II and demolished by the authorities of the then Primorsk city in the early 1960s.
Geographical location
The city of Fischhausen, which today bears the Russian name Primorsk , is located in the southwest of the Samland and is 35 kilometers away from Kaliningrad . It now belongs to the Baltiysk district ( Pillau district ) in the Kaliningrad Oblast ( Koenigsberg region (Prussia) ). The former district town can be reached via the Russian highways A192 and A193 and soon via a feeder from the Primorskoje Kolzo (coastal motorway ring). Primorsk is a train station on the Baltijsk – Kaliningrad (Pillau – Koenigsberg) line of the former East Prussian Southern Railway .
The Fischhausen church stood in the now leveled former old city district, which can be found in the east of the city today.
Church building
The Fischhausen church was a brick building from the first half of the 14th century with a just closed choir and tower . The building was extensively restored in the 19th and, most recently, in the 20th century.
In front of the church entrance were life-size figures in terracotta , later renewed in bronze , which represented Saint Adalbert , Bishop Georg von Polenz and Jesus Christ and were gifts from King Friedrich Wilhelm IV .
The oldest part of the church, the choir, was initially flat, like the nave. The vaulting was not made until 1500 . At the same time, which were pointed arches - arcades placed in front of the interior walls.
The altar shrine dates from 1606. In the middle picture it showed the divine trinity , above the ten wise and ten foolish virgins. The four evangelists could be seen on the open wings of the altar ; when closed, pictures from the Passion story could be seen.
The baptismal font of granite came from the 16th or 17th century, the pulpit from the 18th century. The organ gallery was moved in around 1580. The organ itself is a work by Zickermann from the year 1616. A splendid baroque confessional and valuable sacrament devices from the 15th to 18th centuries have been preserved.
The church had three bells, the largest of which was built in 1674.
The church suffered badly in the Second World War . Until about 1961 the ruins stood in the remains of the destroyed city. On the occasion of a visit by the Soviet party and government leader Nikita Khrushchev - in order to spare the politician the embarrassing sight - the historic city center with the church was leveled. The area is now at the gates of the new town of Primorsk; only a few stone fragments can be seen of the church.
Parish
Church history
Fischhausen is a very old church town. The establishment of a parish here dates back to 1305. As early as 1264 the city became the seat of the bishop of Samland - it was then also called "Bischofshausen" - and remained so until 1523, when the incumbent at that time Georg von Polenz converted to Lutheran doctrine and in 1525 the diocese was dissolved. Fischhausen was the seat of an inspection and later until 1945 a church district in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . Since the Reformation two clergymen have officiated in the parish in Fischhausen, which in 1925 had a total of 4473 parishioners in 15 parish towns.
Due to the flight and expulsion of the local population as a result of the war, church life in the city now called Primorsk came to a standstill. Today the city is in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Swetly (Zimmerbude) , a branch church of the Resurrection Church in Kaliningrad (Königsberg) in the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Parish places
Until 1945, that counted parish Fischhausen next to the vicarage 16 parish locations:
| German name | Russian name | German name | Russian name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bludau | Kostrowo | Kobbelbude | Bobrowo | |
| Break (at Kallen) | Dairy stall | |||
| Dargen | Lunino | Littausdorf | Sorino | |
| Forks | Podorozhnye | Ludwigsfelde | Serjogino | |
| Geidau | Prosorovo | Neuendorf | Divnoye | |
| Kallen | Zwetnoye | Sanglians | Kmelevka | |
| Karlshof | Cheryomukhino | Schäferhof | ||
| Kaspershöfen | Dorozhnoye | Wischrodt | Krylovka |
Pastor
From 1590 until the end of the Second World War , two Protestant clergymen officiated at the Fischhausen Church, among them also assistant preachers and rectors of the school between 1810 and 1863:
- Michael N., until 1530
- Modestus N., 1530
- NN, until 1545
- Peter Hoffmann, since 1546
- Michael Beer, 1559
- NN, since 1561
- Johann Gansewind, 1565–1602
- Georg Kluge, 1590–1593
- Arnold Hecker, 1602-1612
- Johann Neander, 1606–1619
- Johann Wehner, 1613–1648
- Jacob Ulricus, until 1631
- Johann Thilo, 1631-1634
- Christian Heineccius, 1634-1638
- Marcus Zinckenius, 1639-1648
- Jacob Teicher, 1648–1669
- Andreas Scriverius, 1648-1675
- Jacob Tydäus, 1669-1700
- Daniel Valentini, 1675-1710
- Georg Richard Tydäus, 1700–1710
- Georg Fischer, 1710–1744
- Johann Caspar Witzel, 1711–1721
- Friedrich Boltz , 1721-1725
- Johann Adolph Baumgarten, 1725–1733
- Justinus Wilhelm Zennisch, 1733–1740
- Carl Christoph Fischer, 1740–1743
- Christoph Wilhelm Martini, 1743–1776
- Johann Gottlieb Fischer, 1744–1796
- Jacob Nathanael Trosien, 1776-1810
- Carl Friedrich Schaeffer, 1810–1811
- Karl Heinrich Lebrecht Schmidt, 1810–1812
- Johann Chr. Daniel Hellmann, 1811–1819
- Friedrich Georg Sande, 1813–1814
- Johann Fr. Georg Schlakowski, 1814–1820
- Carl Emil Lebermann, 1819–1828
- Gottlieb Ferdinand Grabowski, 1820–1841
- Friedrich Wilhelm Lange , 1828–1839
- (Carl Friedrich) Eduard Grawert, 1839–1866
- Carl Ferdinand Rudolf Wogram, 1842–1847
- Carl Benjamin Franz Schmall, 1848–1854
- Daniel Albert Theodor Hoffheinz,
1854–1863 - Carl Friedrich Em. Seydler, 1863–1885
- Wilhelm (Leopold) Merleker, 1867–1887
- Hermann Moritz Wilhelm Lau, 1885–1894
- Johann Friedrich Richter, 1887–1907
- Franz Gustav Berg, 1894–1899
- Fedor Hugo Gerlach, 1899–1900
- Karl Gustav Sulanke, 1900–1907
- Fritz Pachnio, 1907-1913
- Hermann Otto Friedrich Balzer, 1907–1915
- Herbert Lipp, 1913-1917
- Georg artist, 1915–1934
- Kurt Heilbronn, 1918–1924
- Reinhold Naubereit, 1924–1928
- Walter Kowalewski, 1928–1932
- Gerhard Bolz, 1932–1937
- Paul Ankermann, 1934–1945
- Horst Oberländer, 1939–1943
- Armin Fligge, 1943–1945
Church records
Of the church records of fish Hausener parish valuable stocks have received. Today they are kept in the Evangelical Central Archive in Berlin-Kreuzberg :
- Baptisms: 1648-1944
- Weddings: 1648 to 1944
- Burials: 1648 to 1943
- Confirmations: 1840-1846
- Communicants: 1894 to 1924
There are also a number of name directories in the church registers and a list of those killed in action from 1940 to 1943 and 1944.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume II: Images of East Prussian churches. Göttingen 1968, page 32, figures 34 and 35
- ↑ Adrian Zickermann the Elder or his sons Johann or Adrian the Younger come into question
- ↑ Patrick Plew, The churches in Samland: Fischhausen
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume III: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, page 454
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume III: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, page 454
- ↑ Friedwald Moeller: Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945. Hamburg 1968, p. 37
- ^ A b Member of the Masovia Corps
- ↑ W. Merleker: Description of the church in Fischhausen and the clergy who have acted there since the Reformation (1843).
- ^ Christa Stache: Directory of the church records in the Evangelical Central Archives in Berlin. Part I: The eastern church provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union. Berlin 1992³, pp. 39 to 40
Coordinates: 54 ° 44 ′ 0 ″ N , 20 ° 0 ′ 0 ″ E