Kladno-Nučice Railway

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Staré Kladno – Mořina
Route length: 42.132 km
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Maximum slope : 19.8  ‰
Minimum radius : 200 m
Top speed: 30 km / h
Legend
            
0.0 Staré Kladno (Alt Kladno station)
            
to Kladno-Dubí (formerly BEB )
            
0.5 Kladno železárny (ironworks)
            
1.6 Kladno Prádlo uhlí (coal washing)
            
6.0 Důl Amalie
            
Odb. Max
            
Kralupy nad Vltavou – Kladno (formerly BEB )
            
Connecting track to Kladno station (Vejhybka station)
            
Chomutov – Praha at the same level (formerly BEB )
            
St. Křížovatka
            
8.6 Unhošť
            
9.5 Důl Max (Maxschacht)
            
15.0 Červený Újezd
            
20.3 Hořelice (Hořelitz station) 365 m
            
Connecting track to Nučice
            
Beroun – Rudná u Prahy
            
Odb. Nučická
            
21.8 Nučice
            
            
23.0 Odb. Trnoújezdská
            
Tachlovice
            
27.5 Kuchař 389 m
            
Odb. Mořinská
            
Holý vrch
            
Odb. Kozolupská
            
31.1 Kozolupy 379 m
            
32.8 Mořina 365 m
            

The Kladno-Nučice Railway (KNB), from 1919 in Czech: Kladensko-nučická dráha (KND) was a coal and steel railway in what is now the Czech Republic , which was originally built and operated by the Prague iron industry . It connected the iron ore and lime mines at Nučice and Mořina and the company's own coal mines with the iron works in Kladno . Today there is only the section between Nučice and Mořina, which is still used as a connecting line for the Mořina lime works.

history

Ironworks in Kladno (around 1930)
Abandoned railway track at Červený Újezd ​​(2008)

On October 20, 1857, the Prague Iron Industry Company (PEG) received the concession for a mining railway between its ironworks in Kladno and the iron ore mines near Nučice. The 22.7 kilometer route was opened on January 7, 1858. The level crossing with the Praha – Chomutov railway line of the Buschtěhrad Railway near Unhošť, secured only by a block ("St. Křížovatka"), was unique . The first major extension to Tachlovice went into operation on November 26, 1858.

In the first year of operation, 58,000 tons of freight were transported. Not only lime and iron ore were transported, but also ingots of pig iron intended for further processing in Hermannshütte (Heřmanova Huť) in West Bohemia . They were loaded onto horse-drawn carts in Hořelice.

In 1864 PEG's own hard coal mine Amalienschacht received a siding, which was extended to Maxschacht on August 14, 1891. The now 6.5 km long branch line crossed the BEB line from Kladno to Kralupy nad Vltavou west of Kladno .

On October 1, 1891, the extension of the line to the Čížovec and Holý Vrch Trněný Újezd limestone quarries went into operation. The last extension was the extension to Kozolupy and the America quarry near Mořina on November 24, 1900 .

On January 2, 1908, the short connecting line to the Hořelitz-Nučitz station (today: Nučice) on the Beraun – Dušník state railway was opened .

Branch at Hořelice station: straight ahead leads to Mořina, left to Nučice State Station (2012)
Street underpass at the now-abandoned branch line to Holý Vrch (2012)

After the establishment of the Czechoslovak state, the railway operated in Czech as Kladensko-nučická horní dráha (KND) from 1919. During the time of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia from 1939 to 1945 the German equivalent "Kladno-Nutschitzer Bergwerksbahn" with the abbreviation KNB was again official.

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the PEG was placed under state administration as “German property”. As a result of the Decree of the President on the confiscation of enemy property and the Fonden the National Reconstruction of 25 October 1945, the company was finally transferred to state ownership and with the neighboring Poldi Hütte in the Group Spojené ocelárny np Kladno together (SONP Kladno). The Kladno-Nučice Railway remained in their ownership as a works railway.

SONP Kladno initially invested in its industrial railway. In 1953 a new branch line was laid from the ironworks to the newly created heap at Buštěhrad . Between 1948 and 1953, 13 newly built locomotives were acquired. The outdated rolling stock was also replaced by new buildings.

In the 1960s, however, the amount of iron ore transported from the Nučice mines decreased more and more. The reason was that cheaper Soviet iron ore was imported from the Krywbass in Ukraine. On December 31, 1968, the SONP laid the section Odb. Max - Hořelice quietly. The route was removed shortly afterwards. From then on, only the line from the Nučice State Railway Station via Hořelice to Mořina remained in operation, which was transferred to the Rudné a nerudné doly Ejpovice np, závod Mořina in a stepped manner. In 1973 the branch line to Maxschacht ended.

After the social upheaval of 1989/90 , the production of the Mořina lime works came to a standstill. In December 1991 the last freight train ran on the works line. In the spring of 1993, the power supply company ČEZ as acquired the closed operation, which resumed lime production and the operation of the industrial railway. This was particularly due to the need for lime for flue gas desulphurization in ČEZ's own coal-fired power plants , which at that time were retrofitted with exhaust gas cleaning systems. Another owner today is the cement manufacturer Českomoravský cement, as , which uses limestone for cement production.

The SONP spun off their factory railway as an independent company in 1990, from then on it traded as KND Kladno. With the fundamental cessation of hard coal mining in the Kladno mining district in 2002, however, there was a lack of transport requirements, which most recently consisted of coal transport from the Schöller mine in Libušín to the power plant in Kladno. The company was finally liquidated on January 27, 2007 when it was deleted from the commercial register.

Vehicle use

Locomotives

As initial equipment, KND acquired four used locomotives with a tender from the kk priv. Austro-Hungarian State Railway Company (StEG). They were built in 1845 by Günther in Wiener Neustadt for the Northern State Railway. They remained in service until the mid-1860s. Later on, the KND only acquired three-coupled tank locomotives from different manufacturers. In 1905 the locomotives of the Wilkischner Montanbahn , which had been sold to the state, were part of the KND portfolio.

At the end of the 1920s, the replacement of the now outdated vehicles from the early days began. Between 1928 and 1942, ČKD in Prague delivered seven triple-coupled tank locomotives of the plant type CN 450. Other new, similar locomotives of the type 1435 Cs 500 came from Škoda from 1948 onwards . As the most powerful locomotives, four five-coupled locomotives of the ČKD type EP 1000 were added to the fleet in 1956.

No. 6 NUČIC , built by Krauss in Munich in 1876 , has been preserved as a museum and has been part of the National Technical Museum in Prague since 1969 .

Lomy Mořina now handles the connecting rail traffic with two locomotives of the 740 series .

dare

For transporting ore and limestone, KND owned open hopper cars, all of which had been delivered by Ringhoffer in Praha-Smichov. They initially had wooden superstructures, later they were made entirely of steel. In the first year of operation in 1858, the KND owned 36 of them.

literature

  • Michal Martinek: 150 let KND - 40 let vlečky Mořina ; Dopravní vydavatelství Malkus, Praha 2008, ISBN 978-80-87047-11-8

Web links

Commons : Kladensko-nučická dráha  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SD - Kolejová doprava , annual report 2012, page 7, "od července jsme své dopravní služby rozšířili o přepravu vápenců z Lomů Mořina pro elektrárny Prunéřov a Tušimice"
  2. ↑ Locomotive overview on www.pospichal.net