Classical horsemanship

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The art of classical riding is the equestrian presentation of a horse in the horse through a logical and psychological training to be physical exercise.

Classical horsemanship

The term “classical equestrian art ” does not refer to the cultural-historical epoch of the classical period , but to its status as a classic (= generally applicable / independent of fashion).

“Ideally and theoretically there should be no difference between the classical school and the dressage sport: In practice, however, it does exist. ... The aim of the classical school is to train the horse through logical and psychological training. Dressage wants to teach horses lessons for competition. "

- Kurt Albrecht : Dogmas der Reitkunst, 1994

The training scale developed by the FN in the 1950s summarizes a number of principles in horse training :

  • Tact
  • Serenity
  • Reliance
  • Momentum
  • Straightening
  • Assembly

It is mainly used as a guideline in German-speaking countries. In classical equestrian art, lessons from the baroque art of riding ( piaffe , passage ) as well as exercises formulated later ( series change , trot reinforcement) are taught and carried out in a manner characterized by great momentum and space.

In classical equestrian art, horse training is carried out in the following three stages:

The most famous public places of classical equestrian art are:

Other forms of horsemanship are for example baroque horsemanship and doma clásica .

History and Development

The oldest evidence of horsemanship can be traced back to ancient Greece to riding master Xenophon (around 400 BC). The art of riding was used to train war horses and for parade purposes.

In general, the art of riding stands in the field of tension between the artistic claim (the horse as an art object “l'art pour l'art”) on the one hand and the practical use of the horse for certain service purposes. Solinski goes so far as to subdivide the riding into a purpose-free leisure riding (which also includes equestrian sport) and a practice-related utility riding ( called applied equestrian art in the Bückeburg Riding School ).

The following (chronologically ordered) developments are to be seen as the crossroads of the art of riding:

  • the clash of the light cavalry ( Hannibal ) and the heavy cavalry (Iberian tribes) in the battle of the Tagus in 220 BC Chr.
  • the progressive change in the military system through the spread of firearms in the 15th to 16th centuries
  • the patronage of the absolutist rulers for all kinds of arts in the 17th and 18th centuries
  • its abrupt demise with the French Revolution at the end of the 18th century
  • the "Anglomanie" called breeding selection and preference for English thoroughbreds in the 19th century
  • the introduction of large cavalry units and the need for rapid training for rider and horse in the 19th and early 20th centuries
  • the decision to build equestrian sport on the principles of military equestrianism in the 20th century
  • the trivialization of riding as a popular sport in the 20th century

literature

  • Otto Baron Digeon von Monteton : About the art of riding (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 1995, ISBN 3-487-08346-9 (2 volumes in one volume, reprint of the edition Stendal 1877/79).
  • Johann Christian Ginzrot: The chariots and chassis of the Greeks and Romans and other ancient peoples. In addition to the covering, bridle and decoration of their draft, riding and pack animals (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 1979 (reprinted Aug. Munich 1817, 2 vols., Translated by Louis-Charles M. Dupaty de Clam).
  1. Text tape . 1979, ISBN 3-487-08177-6 .
  2. Panel tape . 1979, ISBN 3-487-08178-4 .
  • Ludwig Koch : The art of riding in the picture (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 1976, ISBN 3-487-08125-3 (reprint of the Vienna 1923 edition).
  • Max Lochner : Training of Riding Horses and Riders, Vol. 1 . ES Mittler, Mainz 1915.
  • Wilhelm Müseler (greeting), Kurd A. von Ziegner (editing): Riding apprenticeship . 48th edition Müller-Rüschlikon, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-275-01513-3 .
  • Michaela Otte: History of Riding. From antiquity to modern times . FN-Verlag, Warendorf 1994, ISBN 3-88542-255-7 .
  • Alois Podhajsky : The classical art of riding. The riding apprenticeship from the beginning to the completion . New edition Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07527-3 (Nauchdr. D. Edition Munich 1965).
  • Berthold Schirg: Riding art in the mirror of their masters, Vol. 1 (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 1987, ISBN 3-487-08285-3 .
  • Waldemar Seunig : From the paddock to the caper. The training of riding horses (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 2001, ISBN 3-487-08348-5 (reprint of the Berlin 1943 edition).
  • Sadko Solinsky : rider, riding, cavalry. The basics of horse-friendly riding . Olms, Hildesheim 1993, ISBN 3-487-08248-9 .
  • Peter Spohr : The logic in the art of riding. Four parts in one volume (Documenta hippologica). Olms, Hildesheim 1979, ISBN 3-487-08187-3 (reprint of the Stuttgart edition 1903/09)
  • Gustav Steinbrecht (founder), Paul Plinzner (Hrsg.): The high school of the horse . 16th edition Georgi, Aachen 1995, ISBN 3-87248-038-3 (reprint of the Potsdam 1935 edition, EA 1884).
  • Richard Wätjen : Dressage riding. A guide for the training of rider and horse . 8th edition Parey, Hamburg 1978, ISBN 3-275-01150-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berthold Schirg: Riding art in the mirror of their masters, vol. 1 .
  2. ↑ Xenophon : Reitkunst . In: Johann C. Ginzrot: The wagons and chassis of the Greeks and Romans, Vol. 1 .
  3. ^ Fürstliche Hofreitschule Bückeburg (Ed.): Schools and tours of baroque equestrian art . Bückeburg 2011 (1 DVD, 45 min.).
  4. ^ Sadko Günter Solinski : Rider, riding, cavalry. Basics of horse-friendly riding .
  5. ↑ Otto Digeon von Monteton: About the art of riding .
  6. ↑ It seems that more than this first volume was never published.
  7. ↑ Contents: About the relationship of riding and dressage aids to the anatomical mechanics of the horse . The elementary riding training based on the aids that correspond to the mechanics of the horse . The rational correction of difficult, spoiled and vicious horses . The High School and Its Relationship to Campaigning .
  8. ↑ the 1st to 3rd ed. Appeared under the title: Dressage des Reitpferdes for tournament and high school ; the 4th edition was published under the title: Reitkunst in Wort und Bild and from the 5th edition under the title: Dressurreiten .

See also

Web links

Commons : Classical Equestrian Art  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files