Klieversberg

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Klieversberg
Memorial at Klieversberg

Memorial at Klieversberg

height 110  m above sea level NHN
location Lower Saxony , Germany
Coordinates 52 ° 24 '54 "  N , 10 ° 46' 19"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 24 '54 "  N , 10 ° 46' 19"  E
Klieversberg (Lower Saxony)
Klieversberg
Age of the rock law

The Klieversberg is an extensive hill in Wolfsburg in Lower Saxony . It is important as a settlement area, local recreation area and geological sight.

geography

The Klieversberg is a hill 110 meters above sea level on the northern border of the Ostfälischen hill country and the Braunschweigischen flat country . To the north of the Klieversberg, the Aller-Urstromtal runs about 60 meters above sea level in an east-west direction . In the east and west of the Klieversberg there are further, somewhat lower elevations (Rotheberg, Wohltberg, Laagberg). The assignment is unclear; Occasionally Wohltberg and Laagberg are also included in the Klieversberg; it is around two kilometers long and one kilometer wide. The mountain is located less than one kilometer southwest of the city center and offers a panoramic view of the city and opposite the Midland Canal lying Volkswagen factory . The Scharoun Theater , the Planetarium , the CongressPark , the Theodor-Heuss-Gymnasium and the St. Joseph Church are located on its northern slope from east to west . Parts of the slope are covered with deciduous forest, partly there are green areas that are used, among other things, as a toboggan run or playground. A section of the lower northern slope is built on with modern, multi-storey residential buildings. The “Hanns-Lilje-Heim” nursing home is isolated on the north side of the slope. Martin-Luther-Strasse, a dead end street, leads there. The districts of Klieversberg with the clinic and Eichelkamp are located on the south side of the broad top of the mountain . In the eastern part of the mountain are the Wolfsburg-Klieversberg telecommunications tower and the “Porschehütte”, which is to be expanded as a Volkswagen documentation center, and a neighboring house that is used by the “Porschehütte artist group”. The highest point is around the northern edge of the forest, east of the memorial for the victims of the two world wars, which has an obelisk around 14 meters high . Several plaques there remind of the fate of the German expellees from different regions. At the foot of the memorial there is a one-man bunker from the Second World War. In the adjacent forest there are spoil heaps from two previous limestone quarries .

Geology and protection status

The Klieversberg is a witness mountain from the time of the Jura , which was created by reversing the relief . In the Cretaceous, rocks were lifted up by rising Zechstein salt; then weathering began. Zechstein salt can now be found under the Allertal at a depth of just 100 to 500 meters. In the "animal enclosure", a former quarry on the Klieversberg, there is a ten-meter-high wall made of gray, layered limestone and marl stone , which are assigned to the lower and middle Kimmeridgium . Geologically, the rocks belong to the Allertal Line or the Hehlinger Graben. The wall is designated as a natural monument . In the quarry to the east of the animal enclosure, coral oolite was extracted. The largest part of the forest on the Klieversberg is part of a nature sanctuary . The green areas on the north side of the mountain are not designated as a landscape protection area, but they are protected as “lean mesophilic grassland rich in calcareous sites”.

The "Hohensteine", a rock formation in the Hohenstein district , are sometimes also counted as part of the Klieversberg. They are sandstones from the polyplocus layers of the Middle Jurassic.

  • Telecommunication tower Wolfsburg-Klieversberg

  • The limestone wall in the animal enclosure

  • The Porsche hut from 1938

  • Evangelical Reformed Church

  • Water treading pool

history

Memorial stone for the desert of Cliverde

On the Klieversberg was the settlement of Cliverde or Klieverde, which was mentioned for the first time in an inventory of the Walbeck Monastery and which fell to waste at the end of the Middle Ages . The place name means " Kleiberg ", so that Klieversberg means "Kleibergberg". Remains of Wölbackern of the village are in the western area of ​​the Klieversberg. The mountain was still called Kliebersberg at the beginning of the 20th century . In 1925, a limestone quarry near the summit was shut down, and another quarry to the east was also closed and backfilled after it had been used for several centuries like the other quarry. Among other things, materials for the construction of Wolfsburg Castle , St. Anne's Church and St. Mary's Church were obtained there.

After the "City of the KdF-Wagons near Fallersleben" was founded in 1938, the chief designer Ferdinand Porsche had a house built on the mountain, the "Porschehütte". For the construction of the city, the responsible city planner Peter Koller envisaged the erection of a “city crown” in the eastern area of ​​the Klieversberg. The entire city should be oriented towards this "city crown" consisting of representative buildings for the NSDAP . When the Second World War broke out in 1939, the “ Koller Plan ” was only partially implemented. Only a short, wide boulevard was built on the northern edge of the Klieversberg, which is now part of the “Klieverhagen” street and is mainly used as a parking lot. During the war, a wooden tower with an anti-aircraft station and several one-man bunkers stood on the Klieversberg, around the site of today's memorial . From 1938 on, an elevated tank was built near the former quarry , which ensured the water supply for the Volkswagen factory and the city. In 1943 it was replaced by a larger elevated water tank near Nordsteimke . Later it was only kept as an emergency container, but has since been shut down.

In 1948, the city planner Hans Bernhard Reichow planned a stadium for the Klieversberg which, like the “city crown”, remained undeveloped. Until 1951, a road ran from Wolfsburg to Mörse over the eastern part of the mountain; it was replaced by the "Braunschweiger Straße" located further east and downgraded to a forest path. In 1953 a memorial was erected for the victims of the two world wars.

View from Klieversberg to the Volkswagen plant in Wolfsburg

In 1953 the construction of the city ​​hospital on the Klieversberg began. In 1955, Peter Koller, who was now responsible for town planning, initiated the development of the southern part as the garden city "Klieversberg-Süd". The name of the district was later shortened to "Klieversberg". To the west of this, the "Eichelkamp" settlement was also built on the south side of the Klieversberg. The "animal enclosure" was set up from 1958 to 1959. On June 17, 1962, around 6,000 people demonstrated at the memorial for the reunification of Germany . In the same year, a stand-alone high-rise was built on the Hochring, which has the highest apartments in Wolfsburg at 146 meters above sea level. In 1970 the excursion restaurant "Waldpavillon", popularly known as "Café Mückenstich", burned down and was not rebuilt. In 1971, numerous trees on the Klieversberg and the Hohensteine ​​were designated as natural monuments. In 1976 the telecommunications tower Wolfsburg-Klieversberg , a type tower of the Deutsche Bundespost , with an antenna height of 78 meters, was built not far from the highest point. In 1977 the "Hanns-Lilje-Heim" was inaugurated, at that time located on "Klieversbergstrasse", which was later renamed "Martin-Luther-Strasse".

For the 50th anniversary of the city in 1988, a geological nature trail was set up on the Klieversberg for the first time. In 2010, employees of the Ostfalen Open-Air and Adventure Museum (FEMO) renovated it . In 2014 the city of Wolfsburg joined the Harz - Braunschweiger Land - Ostfalen Geopark , which covers an area of ​​11,000 km². The aim is to develop and maintain the geologically interesting places on the Klieversberg. This includes a fossil site from the Jura that was discovered when new residential buildings were built in the early 2010s. The construction of the residential buildings was controversial, as parts of the green areas and the forest were abandoned. In 2015, work began on further residential buildings at the Hanns-Lilje-Heim.

literature

  • Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 .

Web links

Commons : Klieversberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hike rich in stones on the Klieversberg Wolfsburger Nachrichten from August 9, 2013, accessed on February 9, 2014
  2. ↑ Geological map at geopark-harz.de ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Map of the area (PDF), accessed on November 28, 2015
  4. ↑ website of the artist group Porsche cabin , accessed on February 9, 2014
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on the Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 , p. 4.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on the Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 , p. 5.
  7. ^ Fritz J. Krüger: Walks into the geological history of the Braunschweiger Land . In: State Natural History Museum Braunschweig and Open-Air and Adventure Museum Ostfalen (Ed.): Walks into the history of the earth . tape 19 . Publishing house Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-89937-066-X , p. 127 .
  8. ↑ a b Description of the geological conditions in the "Tiergehege" wolfsburg.de, accessed on December 11, 2018
  9. ↑ Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on the Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 , p. 21.
  10. ↑ Take a deep breath on Klieversberg: No further development. Wolfsburger Allgemeine Zeitung of March 8, 2012, accessed on February 12, 2016
  11. ↑ a b Natural Monuments 1971 ( Memento from February 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF)
  12. ↑ Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on the Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 , p. 32.
  13. ↑ cartography. Department of the Deputy General Staff of the Army (Ed.): Map of the area around Braunschweig and Wolfenbüttel. 1916.
  14. ↑ a b “Architecture and Urban Development” at thoemmes-wittig.de , accessed on February 9, 2014
  15. ↑ Wolfgang Behrens and others: The Geopfad on the Klieversberg in Wolfsburg: a geological hike through town and forest. Open-air and adventure museum Ostfalen, Königslutter 2010, ISBN 978-3-933380-24-1 , p. 30.
  16. ^ Eva-Maria Bast: Water on the way from Klieversberg to the city. In: Wolfsburger Nachrichten. Friday Packet for March 13, 2018.
  17. ^ Portrait of the exhibition “Aufbau West-Ost” , accessed on February 9, 2014
  18. ↑ Mighty demo at the memorial. Wolfsburger Nachrichten of October 1, 2007, accessed on February 9, 2014
  19. ↑ Highest apartment in the city: 146 m above sea level. Wolfsburger Nachrichten of July 10, 1962. In: 50 years of Wolfsburg in the press. City of Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg 1988, p. 45
  20. ↑ Press release from the City of Wolfsburg on joining Geopark ( Memento from October 22, 2017 in the Internet Archive )