Marienborn Abbey (Büdingen)
| Cistercian convent Marienborn | |
|---|---|
 Hofgut Marienborn, 2020 |
|
| location |
Germany Hessen |
| Coordinates: | 50 ° 14 '44.5 " N , 9 ° 0' 49.7" E |
| Patronage | Maria |
| founding year | 1250 |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1559 |
The Marienborn monastery , today Hofgut Marienborn, was a Cistercian monastery near Büdingen - Eckartshausen , which was dissolved during the Reformation .
history
Marienborn Abbey was founded in 1250 - according to other sources not until 1261 - initially on the Herrnhaag near Büdingen. The reason was probably that the previous house monastery Konradsdorf was under the control of a different branch of the family due to an inheritance in the Büdingen house . The convent has been attested since 1261 . In 1264 he was given the church or chapel dedicated to St. Peter on the Herrnhaag . An indication that the foundation had only taken place shortly before.
The place where it was founded, Herrnhaag, did not have a promising future due to its lack of water, so that the monastery - probably in 1274 - was relocated to "Marienborn" in the area of today's town of Büdingen, Eckartshausen . The legal settlement of the resettlement dragged on until 1286. In 1345 the abbot of the Arnsburg monastery appears as provisional agent for Marienborn.
In addition to the Lords and Counts of Isenburg-Büdingen , the Lords and Counts of Hanau also maintained relationships with the monastery. So considering Ulrich II. Von Hanau the monastery in 1346 in his will and in the late period of the monastery are several ladies from the family of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg , whose headquarters in Alsace lay members of the Convention.
In 1460 the monastery was reformed by the Archbishop of Mainz , Diether von Isenburg .
Domain
Since 1265 the patronage of the parishes in the city of Büdingen and in Eckartshausen belonged to the "Highness" of the monastery - here the right of proposal (→ investiture , → own church ) lay with the Count of Büdingen - and since 1286 that of Rod an der Weil in the Archdiocese of Trier .
The monastery owned lands in Marköbel , Himbach , Langen-Bergheim , Kaichen , Bruchköbel , Bleichenbach , Diebach , Hüttengesäß , Ensheim , Herrnhaag , Issigheim , Lorbach , Utphe , Vönhausen , Düdelsheim , Rinderbügen and Wolferborn . In the course of its existence, efforts have been made to concentrate property, sell distant properties and acquire closer ones.
management
Abbesses
- Ostirlind, mentioned 1305
- Hildegund, mentioned in 1315 and 1316
- Gertrude, mentioned in 1329
- Adelheid, mentioned in 1342
- Isengard von Isenburg-Büdingen, mentioned in 1398. Her sister Meckula († after 1367) was also a nun in the Marienborn monastery
- Adelheid, mentioned in 1467
- Countess Maria von Isenburg , first mentioned in 1517, until 1527
- Countess Wandala von Wertheim , first mentioned in 1532, until 1556
- Countess Christophora von Hanau-Lichtenberg, until 1559
Prioresses
- Hebbel von Lauckte, mentioned in 1398
- Amalia, mentioned in 1557
reformation
In 1536 the first attempt by the Hessian Landgrave Philipp the Magnanimous and Count Anton von Isenburg-Büdingen to make the monastery Protestant failed . The nuns remain Old Believers, Roman Catholics .
However, the pressure on the monastery from the surrounding secular rulers , who have already become Lutheran , is so great that it has to gradually give up its rights in these rulers. At the
- March 16, 1541 the abbess Wandala von Wertheim hands over the patronage rights and the church statute in Büdingen to the county of Büdingen;
- June 7, 1543 also the patronage law there;
- June 21, 1544 the right of patronage in Rod an der Weil is given up in favor of the Count of Nassau-Weilburg-Saarbrücken.
- Without this income, the nuns had to sell more monastery property in order to survive. The monastery was bleeding so economically.
These concessions can therefore only temporarily preserve the old status of the monastery. He is only tolerated by the surrounding counts, who were related to some of the nuns, because they fear that the nuns would marry if they were secularized and would demand a corresponding dowry from them.
On June 8, 1545 there was therefore an agreement between Count Reinhard von Isenburg, Philip IV von Hanau-Lichtenberg , Philipp von Rieneck and Georg von Erbach to maintain the monastery but not to allow any more masses. The nuns successfully opposed this; In 1548 mass was still read regularly.
With the death of Abbess Wandala von Wertheim in 1556, the resistance soon collapsed. The monastery community only consisted of 8 nuns, two of whom were so frail that they could no longer attend church services regularly. There were no more offspring and the ladies were now at an age at which their worldly relatives no longer had to fear marriage plans. Count Reinhard von Isenburg-Büdingen dispatched officials in 1557 to stop the mass celebrations .
On February 20, 1559 the nuns were so fragile that the last abbess of the monastery, Countess Christophora von Hanau-Lichtenberg, daughter of Count Philip III. von Hanau-Lichtenberg , handed over the monastery with all its income to Count Reinhard von Isenburg-Büdingen .
The last residents received lifelong pensions in return:
- Abbess Christophora von Hanau-Lichtenberg,
- Countess Amalia von Hanau-Lichtenberg
- Countess Margarethe von Hanau-Lichtenberg (73 years old, daughter of Count Philipp II. Von Hanau-Lichtenberg) and
- Anna von Hanau-Lichtenberg (74 years old, also a daughter of Count Philipp II. Von Hanau-Lichtenberg)
50 guilders per annuity and other taxes in kind.
- Margarethe von Lauther and
- Judith von Gemmingen , both of the lower nobility
7 guilders annual pension and a one-off settlement of 150 guilders.
- another nun of bourgeois origin, a born “duck flock” and
- Anna Göbel receives an annual pension of 16 guilders.
The Count of Büdingen, in whose territory the monastery was located, intended to rededicate it as a Latin school or hospital. The buildings were then used as administrative buildings in changing functions.
Marienborn Castle
In 1673, Count Karl August von Ysenburg-Büdingen, founder of the Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn line , had a castle built there in place of the old buildings and moved his residence to Marienborn. The line went out again in 1725, just four years after the castle was finished.
From 1738 the facility was used by the Moravian Brethren , who also ran a theological seminar there, which was moved to Lindheim Castle in 1744 . From September 21 to 22, 1769, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited the Moravians in Marienborn. In 1889/1890 the buildings burned down and the ruins were demolished. Today there is a farm there.
literature
- Klaus Peter Decker: Büdingen, Marienborn . In: Germania Benedictina . Volume 4 = The monasteries and nunneries of the Cistercians in Hesse and Thuringia. 2011, ISBN 978-3830674504 , pp. 271-324.
- Wilhelm Dersch : Hessian monastery book. Source studies on the history of the founders, monasteries and branches of religious cooperatives founded in the administrative district of Cassel, the province of Upper Hesse and the Principality of Waldeck . Marburg 1915. p. 88.
- Siegfried RCT Enders: Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany , Department: Architectural Monuments in Hesse. Wetteraukreis I. Ed. By the State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen , Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1982, ISBN 3-528-06231-2 , p. 167f.
- Hans-Thorald Michaelis : The county of Büdingen in the field of disputes about the religious and political unity of the empire (1517–1555) . Diss. Marburg 1963, p. 108ff. Hessian Church History Association (Darmstadt); Bindernagel, Friedberg (Hessen), 1965
- Hans Philippi : Territorial history of the county of Büdingen = writings of the Hessian office for historical regional studies 23. Marburg 1954.
- Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : The former spiritual pens in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Volume 1 = Provinces of Starkenburg and Upper Hesse. Darmstadt 1873.
- Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country . 3rd edition, Hanau 1919, ND 1978.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Dersch.
- ↑ On ancestry cf. the article about her mother: Adelheid von Hanau (Hohenlohe)
- ^ Hans Wagner: Abraham Dürninger & Co., 1747–1939. A book of Moravian merchants and entrepreneurs . Abraham Dürninger Foundation, Herrnhut, new expanded edition 1940, p. 28.
