Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn

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Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806) .svg
Territory in the Holy Roman Empire
Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn
coat of arms
Coat of arms of the Counts of (Ober-) Isenburg
map
Map of the county of Oberisenburg (1790), from Wikimedia Commons
Alternative names Isenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn, Isenburg-Marienborn
Arose from Reign of Büdingen
Form of rule monarchy
Ruler / government Count



Reichskreis Upper Rhine Empire Circle
District council Frankfurt am Main
Capitals / residences Marienborn
Dynasties Ysenburg-Büdingen
Denomination / Religions reformed
Language / n German ( Rhine Franconian )
surface approx. 55 km²
Residents approx. 3,000
currency Gulden (Florin, fl.) And Kreuzer (Xr.)
Incorporated into 1725 Ysenburg-Büdingen-Meerholz


The county of Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn was located in today's Wetteraukreis , in the southeastern Wetterau in the southeast of today's state of Hesse and existed from 1687 until its division in 1725 (after the death of Count Carl August after the Marienborn line of the counts died out). The immediate imperial counts that ruled this territory belonged to the Isenburg-Büdingen family , whose four special lines were held by the counties of the same name from 1687 (in addition to Marienborn, Büdingen , Meerholz and Wächtersbach).

Location and limits

The Marienborn part was in the west of the (entire) county of Ysenburg-Büdingen, roughly between the Nidda (river) near Ober-Mockstadt in the northwest and the Ronneburg in the southeast.

Size and division

0.75 square miles (= 55 km² ) in size, with about 3,000 inhabitants. The (sub) county consisted of

the courts

After the extinction of the Marienborner line (1724) it came 1725 to the division and a territorial exchange between the three remaining special lines: The Wächtersbacher line received from the Büdinger line the villages Wolferborn and Michelau and the castle Ronneburg , but Wächtersbach entered the villages Gettenbach and Haitz to the Meerholzer line. The Büdinger Forest was initially managed jointly, although Wächtersbach soon demanded the division and sole management of its share.

History of the Ysenburg Counts

A Ysenburger, originally home to the Middle Rhine, and the Westerwald ( low-Isenburg , 1664 extinct), came through a marriage with the heiress of Büdingen in the southeastern Wetterau (upper-Isenburg). The new county of Ysenburg-Büdingen divided several times from the end of the 15th century to the middle of the 17th century.

The division of the country in 1687, the creation of the Büdinger Land and the special lines

The third main division (1684) resulted in the two count's houses Ysenburg-Büdingen-Birstein (from 1744 Principality of Isenburg and Büdingen, since Isenburg with I ) and Ysenburg-Büdingen. The latter split into four special lines in 1687 . They all called themselves Ysenburg and Büdingen and each added the place name of the seat of their line (standard spelling, however, only from the 19th century): zu Ysenburg-Büdingen in Büdingen (extinct 1941), zu Ysenburg-Büdingen in Meerholz (extinct 1929) and to Ysenburg-Büdingen in Wächtersbach (which had their headquarters in Büdingen in 1941; only this line was left). The sub-counties were not only connected by consanguinity, but in particular also by house contracts (succession regulations) ( agnates ).

The 10 imperial circles at the beginning of the 16th century
  • Upper Rhine district

    • On July 23, 1687, in another recess (= comparison), the country was divided among the four sons of Maria Charlotte (1631–1693), widow of Johann Ernst von Ysenburg-Büdingen, guardian of her sons. Since the inheritance principle of primogeniture had not yet been introduced in Ysenburg (Emperor Karl VI did not approve the primogeniture order for the entire Oberysenburg house until 1713), the territory was divided. The eldest son, John Casimir Count of Isenburg-Büdingen (1660-1693) received Castle , city and court Büdingen and the surrounding villages, Ferdinand Maximilian, the second son received Castle and city Wächtersbach , Karl August was Marie Born in what is now Büdinger district Eckartshausen with the surrounding villages and Georg Albrecht received Meerholz and the surrounding villages. Since the Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn line soon became extinct, the (new) special lines Ysenburg and Büdingen in Büdingen , Ysenburg and Büdingen in Meerholz and Ysenburg and Büdingen in Wächtersbach were subsequently added to the (older) main Isenburg-Birstein line .

    The division of the county

    Marienborn Castle of the Counts Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn near Büdingen-Eckartshausen in the south-eastern Wetterau

    Due to the death of Carl August Graf von Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn in 1725 it was divided according to his will. The Marienborn property was divided between the three remaining special lines: The Wächtersbach line received the villages of Wolferborn and Michelau and the castle Ronneburg from the Büdinger line , but Wächtersbach ceded the villages of Gettenbach and Haitz to the Meerholzer line. The Büdinger Forest was initially managed jointly, although Wächtersbach soon demanded the division and sole management of its share.

    Each of the now three counties now covered approx. 200 km² with approx. 6,500 inhabitants and an income of approx. 35,000 fl.

    The rise and fall of these special lines are portrayed in the parable of the four spruces in a particularly popular way.

    Governing Count of Ysenburg-Büdingen-Marienborn: Carl August

    •  Maria Charlotte, widow of Johann Ernst (1625–1673), guardian of her four sons (also through Carl August) from 1673 to 1691
      * Meerholz March 24, 1631 † Meerholz June 8, 1693 (grave: Schlosskirche Meerholz)
    •  Carl August, ruled 1687–1725
      * Büdingen January 27, 1667 † Marienborn March 16, 1725 (grave: Schlosskirche Meerholz)
      ⚭ Laubach 1690 Anna Belgica Florentine, daughter of the Count of Solms-Laubach ,
      * September 9, 1663; † Meerholz February 9, 1733 (grave: Schlosskirche Meerholz).

    The couple had four children:

    •  April 11, 1691 ♂ Ernst Karl; † May 22, 1717
    •  February 17, 1694 ♂ Philip; † October 19, 1694
    •  November 7, 1695 ♀ Elisabeth Charlotte; married to Wolfgang Ernst I. Count of Ysenburg and Büdingen in Birstein (from 1744 Prince of Isenburg and Büdingen in Birstein) (* April 5, 1686; † April 15, 1754); † September 23, 1723 in Birstein
    •  March 23, 1697 ♀ Auguste Florentine; married to Philipp Adolf, Count von Rechteren (born February 19, 1699, † November 4, 1771); † October 18, 1729 in Almelo

    title

    The salutation, the title was not uniformly determined, only after the mediatization in the 19th century did the sovereigns make the salutation of their landlords binding.

    coat of arms

    All Ober-Isenburg houses in the Wetterau had two black crossbars on a silver background as coats of arms (some with "improvements", mostly center shields, such as Meerholz [temporarily] and the Rheinbund principality of Isenburg 1806–1815).

    literature

    • Gerhard Köbler : Historical lexicon of the German countries. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 .
    • New collection of geographical-historical-statistical writings , fourth volume, geographical writings, fourth part: The geographical introduction and description of most of the countries in the Upper Rhine and Westphalian districts - the counties of Hesse and the countries belonging to them, Johann Georg Friedrich Jakobi, Weißenburg im Nordgau : 1786, pp. 239-251, digitized
    • Gustav Simon : The history of the imperial house of Ysenburg and Büdingen, first volume, The history of the Ysenburg-Büdingen'schen country , Frankfurt, Brönner, 1865 digitized
    • Gustav Simon: The history of the imperial house Ysenburg and Büdingen, second volume: The Ysenburg and Büdingen'sche house history , Frankfurt, Brönner, 1865 digitized
    • Gustav Simon: The history of the imperial house of Ysenburg and Büdingen, third volume: The Ysenburg and Büdingen'sche document book , Frankfurt, Brönner, 1865 digitized

    Individual evidence

    1. Jump up ↑ Lothar Döring: The Upperysenburg country divisions of the 16th and 17th centuries . In: Irene Fürstin von Isenburg in Birstein and Otto Friedrich Fürst zu Ysenburg and Büdingen in Büdingen (Hrsg.) Isenburg – Ysenburg 963–1963. On the thousand-year history of the sex , Kuwe-Verlag, Hanau 1963, p. 49
    2. ^ Johann Daniel Albrecht Hoeck : Historical-statistical topography of the county of Oberisenburg , Jäger, Frankfurt am Main: 1790, p. 99
    3. ↑ Josef Stark (1892–1974) On the "Four Spruces". In: Between Vogelsberg and Spessart - 1959 - Heimat-Jahrbuch des Kreis Gelnhausen - Gelnhausen 1958, p. 87. A retelling of the parable by Josef Stark can be found at http://www.gudrun-kauck.eu/Waechtersbach-Ysenburger4Fichten.html