Rhine-Franconian dialects
| Rhine Franconian | ||
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Spoken in |
Hesse , Rhineland-Palatinate , Saarland , North Rhine-Westphalia , Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , France , Romania | |
| Linguistic classification |
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Rheinfränkisch is a comprehensive term for the following dialects in West Central German, which are High German in the broader sense :
-
Hessian dialects in almost all of Hesse south of the Benrath line
- North Hesse around Kassel , Bad Hersfeld and near Rotenburg an der Fulda
- Central Hessian (around Marburg , Hinterländer Platt and Gießen , Wittgensteiner Platt , in the Vogelsberg, Wetterau to the Spessart, Rheingau Platt , in the Taunus,)
- East Hessian near Fulda and in the Rhön Rhöner Platt
- South Hessian ( Frankfurterisch , Rheinhessisch , around Wiesbaden and Darmstadt as well as Lower Mainland around Aschaffenburg )
-
Palatinate ( former administrative district Palatinate in Rhineland-Palatinate and adjacent areas)
- Vorderpfälzisch ( Vorderpfalz and France (northern Alsace )) with Kurpfälzisch ( Baden-Württemberg ( North Baden ))
- West Palatinate ( South and East Saarland , see also dialects in Saarland ; and Rhineland-Palatinate ( West Palatinate ))
-
Lorraine (only the Rhine-Franconian part) ( France in the Moselle department )
- Pennsilfaanisch (in the US states Pennsylvania , Ohio and Indiana , as well as in the Canadian Ontario )
- Bukovinian German (extinct)
Demarcation
They are separated from the north and west bordering Moselle Franconian , among other things, by the dat-das-line , which runs from Völklingen on the Saar via Simmern , Sankt Goar and Limburg to Dillenburg and then between Siegerland and Wittgenstein . Areas in the southern Hunsrück towards the Nahe are, despite the dat, also assigned to the Rhine Franconian; the transitions are fluid here. It is separated from the South Franconian , Alemannic and East Franconian dialects in the south and east by the Speyer line , Germersheim line or "appel-apple line" (e.g. Weißenburg - Wörth am Rhein - Speyer - Sinsheim - Eberbach - Mudau - Wertheim ).
Speakers of today's Rhine-Franconian dialects vs. historical Rhine Franconia
Rhine-Franconian is not to be confused with the Ripuarian spoken in parts of the Rhineland - namely in the greater Bonn-Cologne-Aachen and parts of Bergisch - which is part of Middle Franconian, but is sometimes incorrectly referred to as Rhine-Franconian. Historically, all Franks living on the Rhine were referred to as Rhine Francs , but this can no longer be transferred to the speakers of today's Rhine-Franconian dialects. Most of them do not have a common Rhine-Franconian identity, but rather see themselves as Hessen, Palatinate, Rheinhessen or as members of other regional speaker groups.
literature
- Georg Drenda: Word atlas for Rheinhessen, Pfalz and Saarpfalz . Röhrig Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert 2014, ISBN 978-3-86110-546-6 .
- Werner König : dtv-Atlas German language . 15th, reviewed and updated edition, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-423-03025-9 , page 230/1: Dialect map that contains the Rhine-Franconian in the context of the German dialects. In addition: Map page 64 (German dialects after the 2nd sound shift), Map page 76 (written dialects in Middle High German and Middle Low German times).
- Rudolf Post : Palatinate. Introduction to a language landscape. 2nd, updated and expanded edition. Pfälzische Verlagsanstalt, Landau / Pfalz 1992, ISBN 3-87629-183-6 .
- Peter Wiesinger : Phonetic-phonological research on vowel development in German dialects. Volumes 1 and 2. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1970 (Studia Linguistica Germanica 2).
See also
- Central German languages and dialects
- Hinterland Platt
- Rhöner Platt
- Wittgensteiner Platt
- Franconian languages
- Rhine Franconia
- Rhenish fan
- Moselle-Franconian dialect group
- Hunsrück
- Rhenish Documenta
Web links
- Iwwersedser - translation machine for Rhine Franconian
- Language borders in the Rhine-Franconian language area - regionalssprache.de (interactive map, German language atlas )
Remarks
- ↑ Rudolf Post , who worked for many years first of the Palatinate dictionary and then of the Baden dictionary, writes in his overview work Palatinate. Introduction to a linguistic landscape (2nd edition 1992) on page 20: “In East Palatinate, I distinguish between Electoral Palatinate and Front Palatinate based on the naturalized expressions 'Kurpfalz' and 'Vorderpfalz'. There is no language line here, but the Rhine as a dividing line. Typical Kurpfälzische language peculiarities are you hedd "you have" and the plural ending of the diminutive form -lin, z. B. Schäflin, Blimmlin "Schäfchen, Blümchen" (plural). "For the different dialect dreams of the Palatinate see ibid p. 21.