jam

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Strawberry, quince and plum jam

The jam (from French la confiture ) is a spread made from sugar and preserved fruit.

The term jam - or short confi or Gomfi - is in Switzerland common to all boiled with sugar fruit spreads.

In Germany , jam is rarely used in common parlance and is mostly used for spreads that are made from only one type of fruit and that still contain pieces of fruit. A common name for fruit cooked down with sugar is also “ jam ” in Germany and Austria .

Legal basis

The European Economic Community has on 24 July 1979, the Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to fruit jams, jellies and marmalades and chestnut purée (79/693 / EEC) issued by the jam Regulation of 26 October 1982 ( Federal Law Gazette I, p. 1434 ) has been implemented in German law. In these legal norms, another language usage was specified as a binding trade name . In order to avoid confusion in the English-speaking public, the literal translations of the term marmalade (also the German word “jam”), used in the English-speaking world only for products made from citrus fruits (especially bitter orange jam), have been reserved for citrus jams throughout the EU. The regulation prohibits spreads made from other than citrus fruits being referred to as “jams” on sale. The conceptual distinction that used to apply in Germany between “jam” as a spread without visible pieces of fruit and “jam” as a spread with visible pieces of fruit has thus been abolished. It is particularly interesting that this “prohibition” to continue using the term “jam” for other jams than those made from citrus fruits was ultimately introduced by the translators of the directive: In the Danish version of the directive, the previous language usage became simple retained, so that “jam” is still traded as “jam” there.

The change in the administrative language usage can lead to misunderstandings. In the standard language of German and Austrian consumer groups, the term jam for jams continues to dominate. The Community regulation has caused public protests , especially in Austria, where the name jam was previously completely unusual. In 2003, the EU generally allowed traditional names to be used for products that should not be traded within the Community. The German-speaking member states have made partial use of the permit in Section 3 (2) of the German Jam Ordinance and in Section 4 (2) of the Austrian Jam Ordinance. However, it has not been fully used, as the designation “jam” should only be permitted instead of jam if the products are sold directly to the end consumer at local markets, especially farmers' and weekly markets.

Council Directive 2001/113 / EC of December 20, 2001 on jams, jellies, marmalades and chestnut cream for human consumption distinguishes between jams and extra jams depending on the fruit content . This guideline was changed into German law in Germany by the new jam ordinance of October 23, 2003 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 2151 ), which was most recently amended by Article 5 of the ordinance of September 30, 2008 ( Federal Law Gazette I p. 1911 ) implemented.

jam

Different jams
apricot jam
Industrial production of jams

Jam is the mixture of sugars , pulp or fruit pulp of one or more types of fruit and water, brought to the appropriate gelled consistency (referred to as spreadable in German law ). Notwithstanding this, citrus fruit jam may be made from the whole fruit cut into strips or pieces. The amount of pulp or fruit pulp used to produce 1,000 g of the end product is at least

Extra jam

Extra jam is a mixture of sugars , non-concentrated pulp made from one or more types of fruit and water, brought to the appropriate gelled consistency . Extra jam from rose hips and seedless extra jam from raspberries , blackberries , black currants / currants, blueberries and red currants / currants can, however, be made entirely or partially from non-concentrated fruit pulp. Citrus fruit extra jam can be made from whole fruit cut into strips or pieces.

No jam can be made from mixtures of the following fruits with other fruits : apples , pears , non-stone-dissolving plums , melons , watermelons , grapes , pumpkins , cucumbers , tomatoes / tomatoes .

The amount of pulp used for the production of 1,000 g of end product is at least

Allowed additives in jam and jam extra

Allowed additives only in jam

  • Fruit juice : only in jam (but not in extra jam);
  • Juice from beetroot : only in jam made from strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries, red currants / currants and plums;

Definitions

The EU directive and German law determine the following word for word:

  1. Fruit : the fresh, healthy, not spoiled fruit from which no essential components have been removed, in a suitable state of ripeness, after cleaning and cleaning;
    1. For the purposes of this Directive, tomatoes , the edible parts of rhubarb stalks, carrots , sweet potatoes , cucumbers , pumpkins , melons and watermelons are treated as fruit;
    2. Ginger describes the (fresh or preserved) edible roots of the ginger plant. Ginger can be dried or preserved in syrup.
  2. Fruit pulp : the edible part of the whole fruit, possibly peeled or pitted, which can be divided into pieces or crushed, but not made into pulp .
  3. Fruit pulp : the edible part of the whole fruit, peeled or pitted if necessary, processed into pulp by straining or a similar process.
  4. Aqueous extract of fruits : Aqueous extract of fruits which, apart from technically unavoidable losses, contains all parts of the fruit that are soluble in water.
  5. Types of sugar: the permitted types of sugar are:
    1. the types of sugar described in Directive 2001/111 / EC
    2. Fructose syrup
    3. the types of sugar obtained from fruits
    4. Brown sugar

Treatment of raw materials

Fruit, pulp, fruit pulp and aqueous extracts from fruits may be subjected to the following treatments:

Apricots / apricots and plums that are intended for the production of jam may be subjected to drying processes other than freeze-drying .

The peel of citrus fruits can in Lake be preserved.

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: jam  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jam, the - Duden online for the definition of the word content of "jam"
  2. ↑ Directive 79/693 / EEC (PDF) in Danish, English jam was as jam , marmalade ' and Marmalade as jam af citrusfrugter , marmalade' translated.
  3. ↑ Directive 2001/111 / EC of the Council of December 20, 2001 on certain types of sugar for human consumption
  4. ↑ Directive 95/2 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of February 20, 1995 on food additives other than colors and sweeteners