Kong Arrilds Høj

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Kong Arrilds Høj (also called Arrildshøj or Pullerbarg or Pullebjerg ) was a burial mound near the Ihlsee in Harrislee in the northern Schäferhaus Foundation , west of Flensburg . It belonged to a group of five burial mounds that were only a few meters apart. The large mounds ( Danish Storhøjene ) came from the older Bronze Age (period III - around 1190 BC)

background

The local history researcher Jakob Röschmann gave the aforementioned five burial mounds in his comprehensive book on the prehistory of the Flensburg district from the 1960s, the numbers 28 to 32, of which the Arrildshøj burial mound was numbered 32. Arrildshøj burial mound was the highest of the five mounds of different heights.

Establishment

At Arrildshøj no construction periods are recognizable. Accordingly, it only served one funeral. Initially, a stone pavement was obviously laid on the moss-covered area. A tree coffin was placed on top of it, which was about 3.0 meters long and 0.75 meters wide. was. In the coffin lay a long-haired man wrapped in a cowhide. He wore a woolen coat, a hemispherical cap and a small gold spiral ring. He was also wrapped in a wool blanket. He was given a sword , an ax, and a spear . In addition, a chip box, a drinking horn (made from a cow horn), the ends of which were cut off, and a wooden bowl were given to the deceased.

Thin slabs of stone were leaned against the smooth ends of the coffin, one of which had originally served as a grinding stone . In a further step, a round oval stone packing, made of stones the size of a fist or head, was placed around the coffin, which was 4.5 meters long and 2.6 meters wide. The hill of sod and plague was piled up over this stone packing . A wreath of curbs was erected at the foot of the Plaggenhügel. Only in the course of time did the plagues decompose in the upper part of the hill. In the lower part, the plague layers and the coffin have been preserved.

Robbery and destruction

In prehistoric times, possibly shortly after the burial, a robbery excavation was carried out, from which a recognizable excavation hole was obviously preserved. During this excavation, tattered sod fell into the excavation shaft, which could be detected in the later archaeological excavation in 1940. The robbers probably stole the most valuable grave accessories, in the form of valuable bronze weapons, namely a sword, an ax and a lance. On the eastern edge of the hill, three later buried urns were destroyed when they were plowed over, probably in the 19th or 20th century. The theft of these items could later be determined based on the items left behind during the archaeological excavation. The stolen bronze objects also indicate that the graves were robbed as early as the Bronze Age.

Excavation from 1940

Before the excavation in 1940, in which the archaeologist Karl Kersten and the geologist Karl Gripp apparently participated, the burial mound consisted of a heather-covered dome with a diameter of 30 meters and a height of 4.50 meters. Its foot was originally surrounded by a wreath of curb stones.

In the middle of the hill, the archaeologists found the still-preserved oak coffin. The coffin was sloping slightly with a hole in the bottom of the floor. In this way, people in the Bronze Age diverted penetrating water. The archaeologists discovered the remains of the cowhide, the remains of the woolen coat, the wool blanket, the cap, fragments of a spear shaft, the upper part of an ax handle from which the bronze blade had been broken, the fragments of a wooden scabbard, the drinking horn, fragments of a wooden bowl, fragments a box of chipboard, the golden spiral ring, hair on the head and other remains. During the excavation it was found that the middle of the coffin lid was no longer there. The inside of the coffin was filled with earth. During the excavation, the shaft of the old robbery excavation was also discovered.

Neighboring excavations

The four mentioned neighboring hills to the west were also archaeologically examined ( location ). Burial mound 29 ( Lage ) was examined in more detail in the summer of 1941. At that time, the plague hill was about 1.50 high and about 25 meters in diameter. A completely destroyed urn with an associated corpse burn was found. A second grave was discovered in the hill under an enclosure of eleven stones. Skull bones were found on the grave floor there.

Burial mound 28 ( Lage ) was examined in autumn 1958. It was 2.60 meters high and 46 meters in diameter and housed four graves. Three excavation holes were found on the crest. Grave 1 housed a stone packing with a tree coffin remains inside. In grave 2 there was a wooden vessel with a diameter of around 30 cm, in which there were corpse burns and the remains of a bronze needle. Grave 3 was only identifiable by a multi-layered stone setting. Grave 4 consisted of a stone packing with soil underneath, which was riddled with corpse fire. Grave goods were not discovered.

Burial mound 30 was also examined ( location ) in autumn 1958. The mound, consisting of two tombs, was approximately 2.10 meters high and 29 meters in diameter. In grave 1 a stone packing with a humus remnant of a tree coffin was found. Grave 2 also consisted of a stone packing. Fragments of a bronze spiral fibula were discovered in the humus of the decomposed tree coffin .

Burial mound 31 ( Lage ) was also archaeologically examined in autumn 1958. It was about 1.10 meters high and 28 meters in diameter. Three younger excavation holes have been found on the top of the burial mound. Grave 2 was robbed. Only the stone packing of the corresponding tree coffin was found. The multilayered stone packing and the remains of a previous tree coffin were observed from grave 1. The stone packing with humus remains from the tree coffin was found from grave 3. In this case, attachments were also discovered, namely a bronze sword with remains of the ornate sword scabbard and a bronze razor.

Todays situation

Modern sculpture of Kong Arrild in a park with a hill in the garden city of Weiche

The five burial mounds were completely destroyed in the 20th century. After the Briesen barracks and their military training area were abandoned by the German armed forces, the garden city was built there and the Schäferhaus foundation was established. As part of the establishment of the foundation country, the four western burial mounds were restored in their external appearance in 2003, but not Arrildshøj. The information boards placed there explain the history of the burial mounds. In 2004 a small park with a higher hill was built in the garden city on Ebenezer-Howard-Allee , on which a modern sculpture of King Arrild was placed. The aforementioned “King Arrild's Park” ( location ), which largely consists of a playground , is also called “Kong Arrildshoj Park”, which is why the actual burial mound is often wrongly located. There were and still are other burial mounds in the area. In the 1940s, the grave mound called Weinberg in the southern part of the Schäferhaus foundation was also destroyed. The Nonnenberg , located not far to the east, and the Friedenshügel , a long way to the east, have been preserved to this day.

Legend of Kong Arrildshøj

The hill was popularly known as Kong Arrilds Høj, as a legend about the hill claimed that the mythical King Arrild was buried in it with all his treasures.

Mythical royal names are also linked to prehistoric monuments elsewhere in Denmark , for example: Kong Asger Høj on Møn , Kong Dyver Sten, Kong Grøns Høj , Kong Svends Høj , which are located on Lolland , Kong Lavses Grav on Lyø , the Kong Holms Høj , Kong Renes Høj , both on Langeland , the Jutland ramparts Kong Knaps Dige , Kong Lavses Grav, Kong Rans Høj (both also on Jutland ) and Kong Haralds Dysse , Kong Skjolds Høj (King's Shield), Kong Øres Grav , Kong Slags Dysse , the tumulus Kong Svends Høj and Kong Suders Høj , which are located on Zealand . The name Arrild was also used as a place name in the Schleswig area , namely as the name of a district of the municipality of Oersberg in the Schleswig-Flensburg district , as the name of the parish of Arrild Sogn in the Tønder municipality in Denmark and as the former municipality name Arrild in the Danish district of Hadersleben .

King Arrild's Hill has recently been called "Pullerbarg" (in Danish Pullebjerg ). The colloquial term should go back to the verb "pulle" (= to have sexual intercourse), which is widespread in the Jutland dialects. The Danish “-bjerg” corresponds to the Low German “-barg” as a name for a “mountain” or a hill.

literature

  • Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 300

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Not to be confused with the Ihlsee near Bad Segeberg
  2. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 296 ff. And the map in: Harrislee. Our church. Information for the Citizens of Harrislee , Volume 38, Issue 3, December 2005, p. 85
  3. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district. The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein , Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 296 ff.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 300.
  5. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 302.
  6. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 304.
  7. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, pp. 300 and 304.
  8. ↑ a b c Harrislee. Our church. Information for the citizens of Harrislee , Volume 38, Issue 3, December 2005, pp. 85 f.
  9. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 304.
  10. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 297.
  11. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 296.
  12. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 297 ff.
  13. ↑ Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the Flensburg district . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 299.
  14. ^ Map in: Harrislee. Our church. Information for the Citizens of Harrislee , Volume 38, Issue 3, December 2005, p. 85.
  15. ↑ With regard to grave mound 29. Jakob Röschman stated in his book: “The mound is now completely leveled.” Cf. Jakob Röschmann: Prehistory of the district of Flensburg . The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein, Volume 6. Neumünster 1963, p. 297.
  16. ^ Information letter from the SPD. We in Harrislee , p. 2, October 2014; accessed on July 26, 2018
  17. ^ First nationwide panorama event “Day of Architecture” , on Saturday, June 25, 2005; accessed on July 26, 2018
  18. ^ Program of the Architecture Day , from: 2005; accessed on July 26, 2018
  19. ↑ playground. Kong Arrildshoj Park , accessed July 26, 2018
  20. ↑ Cities-Verlag: Kong-Arrildshoj-Park , from July 26, 2018
  21. ↑ Bjerrum differently: Sydslesvigs stednavne , 4th volume, Copenhagen 1979–1984. P. 207
  22. ↑ The Low German verb “pullen” would mean “to cut off”, “cut off a plant tip” or “to pull” on the other. As in High German , however, it can also mean “ urinate ”. (A “puller” in Low German simply means a “ bollard ”.) Cf. Wolfgang Lindow: Low German-High German Dictionary. 5th edition. 1998

Coordinates: 54 ° 47 '18.7 "  N , 9 ° 21' 34.7"  E