Koronowo
| Koronowo | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Kuyavian Pomeranian | ||
| Powiat : | Bydgoski | ||
| Gmina : | Koronowo | ||
| Area : | 28.18 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 19 ′ N , 17 ° 56 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 11,268 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 86-010 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 52 | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Koszalin - Bydgoszcz | ||
| Next international airport : | Bydgoszcz | ||
Koronowo [ kɔrɔ'nɔvɔ ] ( German Polish Krone or Crone an der Brahe , 1942–1945 Krone an der Brahe ) is a town in the powiat Bydgoski of the Polish Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with a little over 24,200 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The city is located 23 kilometers north of Bydgoszcz ( Bromberg ) and 35 kilometers northwest of Świecie ( Schwetz an der Weichsel ) in a deep valley on the Brahe ( Brda ). It occupies an area of 28.2 km².
history
The place on the Brahe, where the city originated, was originally called Smeyße and belonged to the chapter of Wraclawiec until the Cistercian monastery in the neighboring village of Bischewo took it over. Because of its more favorable location, the monastery that had stood in the village of Bishevo for seventy years was moved here. In 1368, Casimir the Great gave the abbot permission to build a city next to the monastery, but with the condition that it was given the name Coronowo . In the Middle Ages, German farmers and craftsmen from Westphalia and other Low German areas were brought into the country from the Cistercian Abbey of Koronowo .
The city of Coronowo, which lies outside the boundaries of the historical landscape of Greater Poland , seems to have come to the Teutonic Order soon after 1368 , because in the Battle of Tannenberg (1410) a group of knights who carried the banner of the city of Coronowo fought led himself. A Commandery of the Teutonic Order is likely to have been in the Polish crown at this time. After the Battle of Tannenberg, a second battle took place near the Polish Crown, in which eight thousand knights are said to have died.
As part of the first partition of Poland , Coronowo came to Prussia in 1772 . The town of Coronowo, which belongs to West Prussia, was the administrative seat of the Coronowo district, which comprised 57 localities. From 1795 and 1815 to 1920, Krone was the northernmost city in the Prussian province of Posen . To distinguish it from the city of Deutsch Krone , it was called the Polish Krone. Twelve clergy lived in the monastery in 1788 and 14 in 1816.
After the Polish Crown was temporarily assigned to the Duchy of Warsaw during the French era , the city came back to Prussia in 1815. Since the Congress of Vienna crown belonged from 1818 until the end of the First World War for Kreis Bromberg in the administrative district of Bromberg of the Prussian province of Posen . The narrow-gauge railway from Bromberg was opened in 1895, followed by the standard- gauge railway from Tuchel in 1909–1914 . At the beginning of the 20th century the city had a Protestant church, three Catholic churches and a synagogue .
Due to the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the district had to be ceded to Poland in 1920 for the purpose of establishing the Polish Corridor ; it became the powiat Bydgoski. In 1890 the Polish population in the district was a good 30%. After the German invasion of Poland in 1939, the area was assigned to the Bromberg administrative district in the newly established Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 and the city came back to Poland.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1783 | 756 | mostly Poles of Catholic denomination |
| 1788 | 895 | |
| 1816 | 933 | including 506 Catholics, 279 Protestants and 148 Jews |
| 1825 | 1,834 | |
| 1837 | 2.233 | |
| 1843 | 2,306 | |
| 1858 | 2,784 | |
| 1861 | 2,926 | |
| 1875 | 3,726 | |
| 1880 | 4.106 | |
| 1900 | 3,839 | mostly Catholics |
local community
The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Koronowo includes the town and 34 villages with school boards. It is one of the largest communities in the powiat Bydgoski.
Attractions
- Synagogue , built in 1856
- Jewish cemetery , built in 1817.
traffic
Koronowo was the terminus of the Tuchola – Koronowo railway line and the Bydgoszcz – Koronowo narrow-gauge railway .
sons and daughters of the town
- Herbert Wegehaupt (1905–1959), German painter, wood cutter and university professor.
- Hans Chanoch Meyer (1909–1991), German-Israeli educator and rabbi
- Małgorzata Dłużewska (* 1958), rower
literature
- Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia. Second part, which contains the topography of West Prussia . Kantersche Hofdruckerei, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 84–85, no. 4.)
- Heinrich Wuttke : City book of the country Posen. Codex diplomaticus: General history of the cities in the region of Poznan. Historical news from 149 individual cities . Leipzig 1864, pp. 343-347.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Goldbeck (1789), Part I, pp. 84–85, No. 4.)
- ↑ http://lanzevonmerode.de/Orden/do_tannenberg_banner1.html
- ↑ Wuttke (1864), p. 344 and footnote 4).
- ↑ Jerzy Benjamin Flatt: Topography of the Duchy of Warsaw with a brief outline of Polish history. With additions relating to the newly acquired Galician provinces during the Peace of Vienna. Leipzig 1810, p. 25.
- ↑ Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi : Earth description of the Prussian monarchy . Volume 1, Halle 1792, p. 873 .:
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Wuttke (1864), pp. 343–347.
- ^ A b Meyers Großes Konversationsa-Lexikon , 6th edition, 11th volume, Leipzig and Vienna 1907, p. 732.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. pos_bromberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).