Kudlichdenkmal
Kudlich monuments were erected in honor of Hans Kudlich , member of the Austrian Reichstag from 1848 , in numerous places in Czechoslovakia and Austria . As a member of parliament, Kudlich was instrumental in the decision of September 7, 1848 to abolish hereditary subservience and the forced labor of farmers in Austria. The serfdom was in 1781 by the subjects Patent under Joseph II. Was repealed, see Josephinism .
Emergence
Before the First World War there were only a few kudlich monuments in Bohemia, e. B. in Teplitz and Losdorf. Most of the monuments were only created after 1923 when Kaiser Josef II monuments were rededicated .
In Czechoslovakia , according to the "Law for the Protection of the Republic of March 19, 1923" (Zákon na ochranu republiky č. 50/1923, § 26), all monuments, inscriptions, busts, panels, images and coats of arms that were given to members of the dynasties remembered who had ruled in Austria, Hungary, Austria-Hungary or in the German Reich, called subversive and had to be removed. This law came into force on May 1, 1923. After the Kaiser Josef II monuments were removed, mostly Hans Kudlich monuments or war memorials were erected in their place.
Many Kudlich monuments are characterized by the depiction of a plow on a pedestal. The use of the plow motif could be traced back to the monument to Přemysl the ploughman on the Königsfeld near Staditz , which Count Nostitz had erected in 1841. For comparison, the monument to Přemysl the ploughman is shown on the Königsfeld near Staditz. More likely, however, is a hidden allusion to Emperor Joseph II , who went down in history as "Joseph - the plowman" because of his legendary furrow by Slawikowitz . The motif of the plowing emperor Joseph has often been the subject of artistic representations.
For the monuments that were newly or rebuilt after 1990, mostly a relief with the head of Hans Kudlich was used.
List of Kudlich monuments
Czech Republic
- Kudlichdenkmal in Teplitz ( Teplice )
- in the district Neudörfel (Nova Ves) on the Wacholderberg / Jalovčiny (383 m),
- Erected in 1888, removed in 1987 and re-erected near the old location in 1991
- Kudlich monument in Losdorf near Tetschen ( Ludvikovice ),
- built in 1893, renovated in 2002
- Kudlich monument not far from the place Kletschen (Kletečná) in the Bohemian Central Mountains
- Kudlichdenkmal in Lellowa ( Lelov ) near Teplice ( Teplice )
- erected as a monument to Joseph II; rededicated in 1923
- Kudlich monument in Auscha ( Úštěk ) on the Peace Square,
- erected as a monument to Joseph II in 1881, rededicated in 1924; renewed in 2000
- Kudlichdenkmal in Hruschowan near Komotau (Hrušovani),
- erected as a monument to Joseph II; rededicated in 1925; rebuilt in 2009
- Kudlichdenkmal in Rückersdorf near Friedland (Dolní Řasnice),
- erected as the Franz Josef I anniversary stone before 1914; rededicated in 1924, renewed in 2007
- Kudlich Monument in Bullendorf near Friedland (Bulovka),
- erected as the Franz Josef I anniversary stone in 1908; rededicated to a Kudlich monument in 1924; rededicated for the victims of the war in 1945; renewed in 2006
- Dr. Hans-Kudlich-Warte with a dedication stone on the Legerberg (776 m, Složiště) in the Duppau Mountains between the former communities Hermersdorf (Heřmanov), Totzau (Tocov) and Dreihäuser (Třídomí) north of Duppau ( Doupov ), built as a wooden tower in 1888. It was here that Hans Kudlich spoke to farmers from the Saaz and Karlsbad districts in 1888. In 1933 the wooden tower was replaced by a stone one with a shelter. The dedication stone was re-erected in 2003 on the Winteritzer Berg (Vintířovský vrch) in the " Lapidarium of the disappeared places in the Duppau Mountains ".
- Dr. Hans-Kudlich-Warte in Karlsbad (renamed 1945)
- Kudlichdenkmal in Obersandau near Eger (Horní Žandov),
- built in 1935, renovated in 2007
- Kudlichdenkmal in Fürwitz near Weseritz (Vrbice u Bezdružic)
- built in 1925, renovated in 2009
- Kudlichdenkmal in Gibian bei Mies (Jivjany u Stříbra) - Municipality of Great Malowa ( Velký Malahov )
- built in 1931, renovated in 2007
- Kudlichdenkmal in Ober Paulowitz near Hotzenplotz (Liptaň - Horní Povelice)
- built in 1928, renovated in 2005
- Kudlichdenkmal in Reichenau on the Maltsch near Kaplitz ( Dolní Dvořiště - Rychnov nad Malší)
- erected in 1898
- Kudlich Monument in Wiese near Jägerndorf (Zátor - Loučky)
- built in 1923; renewed in 2006
- Kudlich oak with memorial plaque in Friedersdorf near Jägerndorf (Čaková),
- built in 1908, renovated in 2005
Austria
- Kudlich monument in Gurk in Carinthia, erected in 1998
- Kudlich monument in St. Marienkirchen near Schärding in Upper Austria, erected in 1998
- Kudlichdenkmal at Krastowitz Castle near Klagenfurt in Carinthia, erected in 2001
- There are also Kudlich memorials in Poysdorf (built in 2000 in front of the Agricultural College), Großenzersdorf , Hanfthal , Waidhofen an der Thaya and Wilhelmsburg in Lower Austria
- Kudlich memorial plaques in Vienna (in the inner courtyard of the Palais Niederösterreich , Herrengasse) and in Mürzzuschlag
Germany
- Kudlich monument in Waldkraiburg , erected in 2000
United States
Pictures of Kudlich monuments
Kudlich Monument in Teplitz (Neudörfel)
Kudlich monument in Losdorf
Kudlich monument in Kletschen
Kudlich monument in Lellowa (Schallan)
Kudlichdenkmal in Auscha
Kudlichdenkmal in Hruschowan
Kudlich monument in Rückersdorf
Kudlich monument in Bullendorf
Kudlich monument in Poysdorf
Kudlich monument in Waldkraiburg
Kudlich monument in Gurk
Kudlichwarte in Lobenstein (Úvalno)
There is also a lookout tower, the Kudlichwarte, on the Wachberg / Strážiště (400 m) near his birthplace Lobenstein near Jägerndorf ( Úvalno ) in Moravian Silesia, built in 1913, reopened in 2000.
swell
- ↑ Law collection Czechoslovakia 1923 S. 212/13 (tschech.) (Accessed on 18 October 2015)
- ↑ Josef II Monument Chodau (Czech) (accessed on March 24, 2015)
- ↑ Peasant liberator Hans Kudlich and his monuments (accessed on March 24, 2015)
- ↑ The Hans-Kudlich-Monument Teplitz (accessed on 23 August 2018)
- ↑ Inauguration of the renovated Hans Kudlich monument (accessed on March 24, 2015)
- ↑ Lapidarium at Winteritzer Kapellenberg ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on March 19, 2015)
- ↑ Lapidarium of the Lost Villages (Czech) (accessed on March 19, 2015)
literature
- Jörg Kudlich: Kudlich monuments and memorials in the Sudetenland - today the Czech Republic, Austria, Germany and the USA . 2003.
