Lagorai

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lagorai
Lagorai.jpg
Highest peak Cima di Cece ( 2754  m slm )
location Trentino , Italy
part of Fiemme Valley Alps
Lagorai (Fiemme Valley Alps)
Lagorai
Coordinates 46 ° 14 ′  N , 11 ° 34 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 14 ′  N , 11 ° 34 ′  E
rock Volcanite
Age of the rock Cisuralium
p1
p5

Lagorai is the name of a mountain range in the Fiemme Valley Alps in Trentino , Italy . The porphyry mountain range with its black, reddish or greenish rock walls was created from volcanic activity 290 million years ago.

The highest peak is the Cima di Cece with 2754  m slm. The eastern part of the chain belongs to the Paneveggio - Pale di San Martino nature park .

Boundary

The Lagorai chain stretches in an east-west direction from Passo Rolle to Pergine Valsugana . In the east it is bordered by the Torrente Cismon , which flows from the Passo Rolle in a southerly direction through the Primiero . In the north it is bounded by the Travignolo valley , which stretches from Passo Rolle to Predazzo . In the course of forming Avisio in Fiemme and Cembra the northwest limit of the Lagorai. In the south it is bordered by the Vanoi, a right tributary of the Cismon, and two northern side valleys of the Valsugana by the Calamento and Campélle valleys . The latter also form the dividing line to the granite massif of the Cima d'Asta . In the west, the Lago di Lases between the Cembra Valley and Baselga di Piné and the Torrente Silla, which forms the outflow from the Lago della Serraia near Baselga di Pinè and flows west of Pergine Valsugana into the Fersina, form the extreme western border.

West of Passo Manghen , the Lagorai chain forms two sub -groups with Monte Croce and mountains of the upper Fersental . It is the largest and least populated mountain range in Trentino.

Highest peaks

  • Cima di Cece 2754  m in the eastern area
  • Cimon Lastè delle Sute 2616  m in the central area
  • Monte Croce 2490  m in the western area

geology

Tridentinosaurus antiquus (copy from the Naturmuseum Südtirol )

The Lagorai chain is part of the Etschtal volcanic group , which formed in the Cisuralium 290 to 270 million years ago. Due to the differentiation of the magma, it consists of volcanic rocks of different ages , such as andesite , rhyolite , rhyodacite and dacite . Generally speaking, the rocks of the Lagorai are also referred to as porphyry. The name Lagorai porphyry goes back to Giovanni Battista Trener , who first used it in 1904.

The volcanoes were subaeric volcanoes that were active on land or above the surface of the water. The expelled Ignimbrites reach a strength of up to 2000 m in the Lagorai. Fossil finds also indicate subaeric activity , including the unique Tridentinosaurus antiquus, discovered in 1931 near Stramaiolo north of Baselga di Pinè . A small lizard that lived during the Lower Pern and was extinct before the dinosaurs appeared . The fossil of this oldest reptile of the Southern Alps is exhibited in the Museum of Geology and Paleontology of the University of Padua .

history

Austro-Hungarian field guard on little Cece

During the First World War , the Lagorai was one of the more important secondary theaters of the war on the Italian front, especially in 1916. After the Italian entry into the war in May 1915, the mountain range was initially not the focus of military interest. The Austro-Hungarian army had withdrawn to positions that were easier to defend and cleared large areas between the Valsugana and the Lagorai. This newly established line of defense was only sparsely manned , supported by units of the German Alpine Corps . The Italian army, for its part, concentrated on the fighting on the Isonzo front and was reluctant to advance east and north along the Brenta and Cismon rivers . In this way, the Cima d'Asta massif south of the Lagorai came into Italian possession without a fight. Until the beginning of winter, the front line ran from Borgo Valsugana north over the Val Calamento and Val Campelle to the Passo Cinque Croci, and only touched the actual Lagorai chain in the process.

At the beginning of 1916, the Italian attack attempts were concentrated on the foothills of the western Lagorai chain between the towns of Borgo Valsugana and Levico Terme, immediately north of the Valsugana . These loss-making attacks, which were used for the first time with the Compagnia della Morte and forerunners of the Arditi stormtroopers , ended without any significant changes to the front line. During the Austro-Hungarian spring offensive , which only marginally touched this area of ​​the front, the Italians around Borgo Valsugana were pushed back again.

This picture changed drastically in the summer of 1916 when the Italian Chief of Staff Cadorna initiated the Fiemme Valley offensive west of the Passo Rolle on the eastern main ridge of the Lagorai chain. The aim of this offensive was to bind Austro-Hungarian forces that were not available on the main front on the Isonzo . Under the use of numerous Alpini - battalions and heavy losses, managed to occupy in 1916 but only individual peaks from July to October, including the Monte Cauriol , the southern tip of the Busa Alta or emperor tip and the eastern summit of Colbricon . In particular, the occupation of the Cauriol was viewed as a great success by the Italians, as it provided insights into the enemy’s supply connections, such as the Fiemme Valley Railway , and accordingly could target them with their own artillery. All other sections could be held by the Austro-Hungarian troops, which consisted mainly of state riflemen . After the harsh winter of 1916/17, the positions on the Lagorai were strengthened and there were no further major attack attempts on either side. Only with the help of the mine war on Colbricon and Busa dell'Oro did the Italians try to gain advantages without success.

With the collapse of the Italian Isonzo and Dolomite fronts as a result of the Twelfth Isonzo Battle , the Italians evacuated the Lagorai in November 1917, and the warlike events in this section ended.

Alpinism

Hiking trails

Numerous hiking trails that belong to the trail network of the Trentino Mountaineering Association (SAT) lead through the Lagorai chain . In addition, it is also touched by some long-distance hiking trails such as the E5 or the Sentiero della Pace , the peace path that leads past the positions of the former Fiemme Valley front. The Translagorai , on the other hand, crosses the Lagorai ridge in its entire extent from the Panarotta above Levico Terme in the Valsugana to the Passo Rolle. For the strenuous crossing, which is also possible in the opposite direction, five to six days are needed, whereby you sometimes have to spend the night in simple bivouac accommodations due to the lack of managed refuges.

Refuge and bivouac huts

Bivacco Forcella Coldosè

Bivouac huts in western Lagorai:

  • Baito Valletta Alta, 1709  m slm ⊙
  • Bivacco al Mangheneto, 2060  m slm ⊙
  • Malga Vasoni Alta, 1973  m slm ⊙

Bivouac huts in central Lagorai:

  • Baito dei Manzi, 2047  m slm ⊙
  • Baito dei Slavazi, 1955  m slm ⊙
  • Baito del Pignaro, 1909  m slm ⊙
  • Casèra delle Capre, 1610  m slm ⊙
  • Malga Nuova di Val Moéna, 1744  m slm ⊙
  • Rifugio forestale Cupola, 1544  m slm ⊙

Bivouac huts in eastern Lagorai:

  • Bivacco Aldo Moro, 2565  m slm ⊙
  • Bivacco Paolo e Nicola, 2180  m slm ⊙
  • Baito di Morégna, 2081  m slm ⊙
  • Bivacco Forcella Coldosè, 2168  m slm ⊙
  • Malga Miesnotta di Sopra, 1876  m slm ⊙

literature

  • Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale - ISPRA (ed.): Note illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia - 1: 50,000: Foglio 060 Trento . S.EL.CA., Roma 2010. PDF
  • Mario Corradini: Lagorai - Cima d'Asta. Guida dei Monti d'Italia . Club Alpino Italiano - Touring Club Italiano , Milan 2006, ISBN 88-365-3378-7 .
  • Luca Girotto: La Prima guerra mondiale nella catena del Lagorai . In: Società degli Alpinisti Tridentini - Sezione del CAI - Commissione Sentieri: … per sentieri e luoghi. Sui monti del Trentino. 2 Lagorai, Cima d'Asta, Calisio, Monti di Cembra . Euroedit, Trento 2013, ISBN 978-88-86147-96-5 .
  • Società degli Alpinisti Tridentini - Sezione del CAI - Commissione Sentieri: … per sentieri e luoghi. Sui monti del Trentino. 2 Lagorai, Cima d'Asta, Calisio, Monti di Cembra . Euroedit, Trento 2013, ISBN 978-88-86147-96-5 .
  • Robert Striffler: The mine war in Tyrol 1917: Colbricon, Buso del Oro, Marmolata . Book Service South Tyrol Kienesberger, Nuremberg 1988 ISBN 978-3-923995-07-3

Web links

Commons : Lagorai  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Società degli Alpinisti Tridentini - Sezione del CAI - Commissione Sentieri: … per sentieri e luoghi. Sui monti del Trentino. 2 Lagorai, Cima d'Asta, Calisio, Monti di Cembra. 2013, p. 27.
  2. ^ Mario Corradini: Lagorai - Cima d'Asta. Guida dei Monti d'Italia. 2006, p. 32.
  3. ↑ Inquadramento geomorfológico. In: gis.provincia.tn.it. Retrieved July 17, 2019 (Italian).
  4. ↑ Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale - ISPRA (ed.): Note illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia - 1: 50,000: Foglio 060 Trento pp. 16-18
  5. ^ I Fossili del Trentino. In: science.unitn.it. Retrieved July 17, 2019 (Italian).
  6. ^ Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia: I vertebrati fossili. In: musei.unipd.it. Retrieved July 17, 2019 (Italian).
  7. ↑ Tridentinosaurus antiquus: a glider ancestor, not a protorosaur. In: pterosaurheresies.wordpress.com. June 10, 2016, accessed on July 17, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Luca Girotto: La Prima guerra mondiale nella catena del Lagorai p. 51
  9. ↑ Luca Girotto: La Prima guerra mondiale nella catena del Lagorai, pp. 51–52